综合运输通道客运结构配置的随机饱和熵模型

为寻求系统、科学的综合运输通道最优客运分担,提出用最大熵原理构建客运结构配置模型,基于随机时间价值,选择旅客广义出行时间最小的运输方式,定义了通道内的基本路段饱和度和通道饱和熵,设计了用于求解模型的粒子群算法。分析发现,车外时间差、单位里程票价差、单位里程车内时间差以及旅行距离将直接影响各运输方式客运分担率的高低;以通道饱和熵最大为目标得出的常规铁路最优定价高于现行铁路票价,且通道饱和熵上升了15%,说明铁路票价偏低会造成铁路客运量过于饱和;由通道饱和熵模型得出的最优客运分担结果,缩小了基本路段上各运输方式饱和度之间的差距,实现了运力和运量的有效匹配。     

路基砂土湿化变形的试验研究

根据砂土从干燥状态浸水后会发生湿化变形的特性,从既有高速公路路基钻取砂土试样分别进行干土样和湿土样的三轴试验对比分析,得到砂土湿化变形前后其力学参数的变化情况。结果表明,砂土经过湿化后其抗剪强度和变形模量将降低,并提出在工程养护中应做好路基及路面的排水处理,防止出现路基砂土湿化现象。     

雾化雨入渗影响下的岩体边坡稳定性分析方法及其应用

根据SARMA法的基本思想,考虑非饱和带基质吸力和暂态附加水荷载对岩体边坡安全稳定的影响,提出了考虑雾化雨入渗效应的边坡稳定性分析方法——改进SARMA法,并将此法应用于紫坪铺2^#导流洞出口高边坡工程,进行了边坡在泄洪雾化雨入渗影响下的安全稳定性计算与评价分析。     

色彩规划在滨海旅游区景观设施中的应用研究

从城市景观的色彩入手,观察了天津城市景观的色彩特征,在此基础上提出了适合滨海旅游区景观设施色彩规划的设计思路和方法。     

�źſ��ƽ������תר�ó��� ͣ�����Ż���Ƶķ����о�

基于对左转专用车道停车线的研究,分析了停车线的位置与相位绿灯间隔时间和车道饱和流量这两个交叉口通行能力关键影响因素的关系在保障交又口车辆通行安全的前提下,以交叉口通行能力最大为目标,建立以左转车道停车线位置与直行车道停车线位置之间距离为基本参数的数学模型,并提出了相应的解法,最后,通过具体的交又口实例分析,求解出了左转停车线的最佳位置,证明该模型具有很好的实用性.     

How much is too much for tolled road users: Toll saturation and the implications for car commuting value of travel time savings?

The current practice of forecasting the demand for new tolled roads typically assumes that car users are prepared to pay a higher toll for a shorter journey, and they will keep doing so as long as the toll cost is not higher than their current value of travel time savings. Practice ignores the possibility that there could be a point when motorists stop driving on toll roads due to a toll budget constraint. The unconstrained toll budget assumption may be valid in networks where the addition of a new toll road does not result in a binding budget constraint that car users may have for using toll roads (although it could also be invoked for existing tolled routes through a reduction in use of a tolled route). In a road network like Sydney which offers a growing number of (linked) tolled roads, the binding budget constraint may be invoked, and hence including additional toll links might in turn reduce the car users’ willingness to pay for toll roads to save the same amount of travel time. When this occurs, car users are said to reach a toll saturation point (or threshold) and begin to consider avoiding one or more toll roads. Whilst toll saturation has important implications for demand forecasting and planning of toll roads, this type of behaviour has not been explored in the literature. We investigate the influence that increasing toll outlays has on preferences of car commuters to use one or more tolled roads as the number of tolled roads increases. The Sydney metropolitan area offers a unique laboratory to test this phenomenon, with nine tolled roads currently in place and another five in planning. The evidence supports the hypothesis that the value of travel time savings decreases as a consequence of toll saturation.     

Vehicle dynamic stability improvements through gain-scheduled steering and braking control

This paper is concerned with the synthesis of a robust gain-scheduled ?_∞ MIMO vehicle dynamic stability controller (VDSC) involving both steering and rear braking actuators. This VDSC aims at improving automotive vehicle yaw stability and lateral performances. The aim of this work is to provide a methodology to synthesise such a controller while taking into account the braking actuator limitations and use the steering actuator only if it is necessary. These objectives are treated in an original way by the synthesis of a parameter-dependent controller built in the LPV framework and by the solution of an LMI problem. The proposed solution is coupled with a local ABS strategy to guarantee slip stability and make the solution complete. Nonlinear time and frequency domain simulations on a complex full vehicle model (which has been validated on a real car), subject to critical driving situations, show the efficiency and robustness of the proposed solution.     

两相位协调控制交叉口延误计算

延误是判断信号配时是否最优以及评价城市交叉口拥挤状况的重要指标之一。和多数文献只是研究孤立交叉口的延误计算不同,主要研究两相位协调控制交叉口,该交叉口由主、次干道相交而成,主干道处于协调控制,进口车流分为未饱和与过饱和2种状态;次干道进口车流只考虑未饱和状态,在此基础上分别对交叉口各进口道在一个周期内的延误计算公式进行推导和分析,并用具体的算例说明了公式的应用。不仅为协调控制交叉口拥挤状态的判别提供了依据,同时也对不同类型交叉口的延误计算给予了有益的补充。     

大学毕业生面试妆容的误区分析

大学生们在面试中如何让主考官在众多求职者中记住你、欣赏你、录用你，是每一个毕业生关心的问题。那么，怎样在面试过程中展示自己的自信，让主考官认同自己，面试妆容是给人第一印象的关口，合理利用你的形象，在面试几分钟内给予招聘人员一个好印象，会对你的应试结果带来惊喜，会让你从容、自信。面试妆容是形象造型教学中的一个重要方面，它的技巧也许是简洁而无太多变化，但妆容的色彩、形式要和自己的年龄、气质、体态，以及你所应聘的职业岗位相协调一致，本文对大学毕业生面试妆容的误区进行了探讨。     

路段最大加载饱和度及其相应行程时间

探讨了城市路网交通分配预测结果中，路段饱和度过大的原因，推导了路段最大加载饱和度、行程时间和行程车速的理论计算公式。结合实例探讨了最大加载饱和度和行程车速一般性数值。有关研究可供确定时间阻抗函数时参考。