大厚度半刚性基层层间结合技术室内试验研究

文章通过室内直剪试验,对大厚度水泥稳定碎石基层上下层结合状态进行研究,分析了大厚度水泥稳定碎石基层上下层浇筑间隔时间、养生时间及水泥浆用量对层间抗剪性能的影响,并提出了最佳施工工艺。     

某高桩码头的荷载试验和承载力评估

介绍某高桩码头原位荷载试验的试验方案和试验过程,并从安全承载角度评定了码头升级使用的可行性,提出了码头安全运行的建议.     

客车侧翻试验及评价方法研究

针对国内某型客车的实车侧翻试验,通过采集、处理试验数据,探讨客车侧翻试验及评价的方法和内容,为其他客车侧翻试验提供经验。     

An exploratory investigation of the impact of ramp metering on driver acceleration behavior

Ramp metering has been proven as an effective freeway management strategy; however, the impact of ramp metering on drivers' acceleration behavior has not been fully investigated. A better understanding of acceleration behavior changes with ramp metering is critical to the adequate design of ramp metering facilities. In this study, drivers' speed and acceleration data were collected at two representative metered ramps in Los Angeles, California. The speed and acceleration profiles under meter-on and meter-off scenarios were compared. Statistical results demonstrated that ramp metering affects drivers' acceleration behavior at ramp acceleration lane. It was found that at the metered ramp with short existing acceleration length, the average acceleration rate from ramp meter stop bar to 500 ft downstream under meter-on scenario (4.72 ft./s²) is approximately 40% higher than when meter-off (3.18 ft./s²). The design of acceleration lane length for metered on-ramps should therefore take into account the potential impacts of ramp metering on driver acceleration behavior.     

隧道内横向偏置火源火灾烟气温度特性全尺寸试验研究

为了研究隧道内火灾温度分布规律和烟气运动状态,使交通隧道火灾灾害降到最低,通过全尺寸隧道火灾试验研究了热释放速率为30 MW火源位于偏离横向中心位置一个车道宽度条件下的顶棚射流的烟气温度特征,分析了烟气在各阶段的温度分布以及沿横向和纵向扩散的规律。结果表明：在火源下游一定区域内,偏置火源火灾产生的烟气在沿隧道横向和纵向扩散温度分布均呈非对称形态;烟气继续沿纵向扩散一段距离后,逐渐出现和形成温度分层;偏置火源顶棚射流的温升趋势随时间呈二次多项式关系增长,远壁面烟气沉降高度和温度衰减幅值大于相应中心火源的试验值;与中心火源的相似,火源在下游30 m内的顶棚射流温升随纵向距离的增加符合指数衰减规律,但同时还受到偏置距离的影响;可使用量纲一的偏距与量纲一的纵向距离的函数关系式描述其分布规律。     

手机社交娱乐操作对驾驶人视觉参数影响研究

为探究手机社交娱乐操作对驾驶人视觉参数的影响,基于模拟驾驶器和SmartEye 眼动仪设计模拟驾驶实验,采集驾驶人正常驾驶、拨打电话、收发信息等5种操作下视觉特征数据,应用拉依达准则和联合频数分布直方图进行数据归约.针对不同操作下视觉参数,应用箱形图和Kruskal-Wallis显著性检验,验证视觉参数评价指标的有效性.结果表明：随手机操作类型的不同,驾驶人水平和垂直视角标准差、视线离开道路时间百分比、扫视平均速度和眨眼持续时间呈显著性变化,可作为视觉参数影响的评价指标;观看视频和刷朋友圈操作对驾驶人视觉影响程度明显高于拨打电话和收发短信操作.     

柴油机增压器包覆层隔声性能试验分析及优化设计

提出一种船用增压器的包覆层结构,其内层为绝热材料和吸声材料,外层为金属薄片。采用统计能量法(SEA)建立该结构的中高频段隔声数值模型,开展包覆层的隔声试验,隔声量实测值与仿真结果吻合较好,能验证数值建模的有效性。对包覆层的吸声材料的厚度、密度和流阻等参数进行优化设计,利用正交试验法设计数值试验组,采用极差和方差分析法分析影响材料隔声性能的关键因素,得出最重要的影响因素是材料厚度,在选型设计中还应考虑密度和流阻因素。当安装厚度受限时,可通过改变密度和流阻值来提高材料的隔声量。     

Eco-driving behaviors of electric vehicle users: A survey study

Previous research has shown that electric vehicle (EV) users could behave differently compared to internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) drivers due to their consciousness or practices of eco-driving, but very limited research has fully investigated this assumption. This research explores this topic through investigating EV drivers’ eco-driving behaviors and motivations. We first conducted a questionnaire survey on EV drivers’ driving behavior and some hypothetical decisions of their driving. It indicates various characteristics between EV and ICEV commuters, including self-reported daily driving habits, preferences of route choices, tradeoff between travel time and energy saving, and adoption of in-vehicle display (IVD) technologies. Then, through statistical analysis with Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney U test, this research reveals that, compared to ICEV drivers, EV drivers possess significantly calmer driving maneuvers and more fuel-efficient driving habits such as trip chaining. The survey data also show that EV drivers are much more willing to save energy in compensation of travel time. Furthermore, the survey data indicate that EV drivers are more willing to adopt eco-friendly IVD technologies. All these findings are expected to improve the understanding of some unique behavior found in EV drivers.     

F型与直壁型护栏在客车撞击下的仿真研究

为了对比研究A类防撞等级中F型混凝土护栏和直壁型混凝土护栏的防护性能,建立两种护栏与客车的有限元模型,运用ANSYS Workbench软件中显式动力学模块,控制仿真碰撞的试验参数,将大客车模型以规定的初速度和碰撞角度进行计算机仿真碰撞试验,从车辆的加速度、车辆运行轨迹、护栏的最大动态变形量等方面综合对比两种护栏的防护性能。结果表明:相比直壁式护栏,F型混凝土护栏防撞性能、安全性能、导向性能较好。     

沉井结构在大型原水泵房中的应用及研究

在长江取水工程中,取水口的高度会对通航及河床稳定有直接的影响,因此在设计中一般会尽量降低取水口标高,这将会导致与之相连的原水泵房的埋深通常都比较深.在这种情况下,沉井施工工艺将比传统的基坑支护更有优势.通过具体的工程实例,阐述了沉井结构如何以带框架(或中隔墙)下沉的形式应用于较大型原水泵房,并对沉井在下沉阶段、水下封底阶段、顶管施工阶段及使用阶段中的稳定性及受力进行分析研究,为同类工程提供借鉴.