超高层混凝土结构竖向变形分析与补偿研究

马来西亚四季酒店项目为342.5 m超高层混凝土结构,结构形式为框架-核心筒;依据施工现场合理的施工顺序及进度计划安排、不同施工阶段的高强混凝土特性的试验数据等,建立ETABS数值模型,分析出结构竣工和30年补偿周期时不同竖向构件的总竖向变形量以及相互之间的竖向变形差;施工过程中对已施部位监控点采取全程有效监测的方式来矫正分析数据,并采用"平层效应"和"层差补偿"的过程管控方式来弥补竖向构件的竖向变形量;最终通过分析比较结构竣工时现场监测点的实测数据与模型分析数据,验证了数据分析及竖向变形过程控制措施的合理性,取得了良好的效果。     

Understanding time use: Daily or weekly data?

The appropriate duration of time diaries as a source of time use data is analyzed in a structured way. Nine detailed European surveys based on seven-days diaries are used in order to study different dimensions of data quality, duration and variability of activities, and modeling capabilities. Pseudo diaries of 1, 2 (one week, one weekend) and 3 (one week, both weekend) days are constructed to further analyze these issues, selecting the seven-days diaries data as a benchmark. Comparative results show that two and three-days weighted surveys seem to be an adequate surrogate for the information obtained in weekly surveys that capture a basic work–leisure cycle.     

基于价值工程的全生命周期趸船材质方案比选研究

将趸船整个生命周期过程中的技术先进性、经济合理性和环境协调性有机地融合为一体,基于价值工程理论提出趸船材质方法比选。实例表明在千岛湖这样的大吨位船舶碰撞概率很小的水域,采用混凝土趸船明显优于钢质趸船。     

中韩船舶油污损害赔偿制度的比较

韩国不论是从地理位置还是经济贸易往来,对于我国是很重要的邻国.由于海上运输的国际性,我国的船东有在该国卷入油污损害赔偿案件的可能,研究其油污损害赔偿制度能够更好的保护我国船东的权益,而且对于我国完善油污民事赔偿立法有一定的借鉴作用.本篇论文比较了中韩油污损害赔偿制度,并对完善我国油污损害赔偿制度提出几点建议.     

公路工程的水土保持生态补偿

就公路工程中所遇到的环境问题,结合设计施工中的解决办法,阐述公路工程的水土保持生态补偿,从而减小因道路施工给沿线自然地形、地貌造成的各种破坏,保护和改善当地环境,提高公路的使用效果,更好地发挥公路的各项功能。     

Robust traffic assignment model: Formulation,solution algorithms and empirical application

ABSTRACT

The deterministic traffic assignment problem based on Wardrop's first criterion of traffic network utilization has been widely studied in the literature. However, the assumption of deterministic travel times in these models is restrictive, given the large degree of uncertainty prevalent in urban transportation networks. In this context, this paper proposes a robust traffic assignment model that generalizes Wardrop's principle of traffic network equilibrium to networks with stochastic and correlated link travel times and incorporates the aversion of commuters to unreliable routes.

The user response to travel time uncertainty is modeled using the robust cost (RC) measure (defined as a weighted combination of the mean and standard deviation of path travel time) and the corresponding robust user equilibrium (UE) conditions are defined. The robust traffic assignment problem (RTAP) is subsequently formulated as a Variational Inequality problem. To solve the RTAP, a Gradient Projection algorithm is proposed, which involves solving a series of minimum RC path sub-problems that are theoretically and practically harder than deterministic shortest path problems. In addition, an origin-based heuristic is proposed to enhance computational performance on large networks. Numerical experiments examine the computational performance and convergence characteristics of the exact algorithm and establish the accuracy and efficiency of the origin-based heuristic on various real-world networks. Finally, the proposed RTA model is applied to the Chennai road network using empirical data, and its benefits as a normative benchmark are quantified through comparisons against the standard UE and System Optimum (SO) models.     

柴油发动机掺烧生物柴油的经济性研究

为了更好地评价柴油机燃用生物柴油的经济性,分析了生物柴油和0#石化柴油的理化性质,分别对生物柴油的体积分数为0.2,0.5,1的B20、B50、B100 3种燃料和0#柴油在495Q3柴油机上进行了试验。试验结果显示燃用3种燃料的燃油消耗率比0#柴油在中小负荷时平均增加5.30%,9.65%,19.04%,大负荷时平均增加2.86%,4.75%,9.64%;能量等值折合油耗率在中小负荷时平均增加2.65%,2.63%,5.74%,大负荷时平均降低0.26%,1.97%,4.80%。     

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飞机多机种出动架次率是衡量飞机作战效能的重要指标,本文对空军场站军用飞机多机种（型）出动架次率进行了研究。通过对飞机出动回收过程的描述,基于排队理论建立多服务器多服务率的飞机多机种（型）出动回收网络模型,并采用扩展后的平均值分析对飞机出动能力进行了求解。通过解析计算,给出飞机多机种（型）出动架次率曲线,分析架次率与飞机数量之间的关系,并结合平均队长、利用率等系统性能指标,识别出制约飞机多机种（型）出动架次率提高的因素。最后通过蒙特卡洛仿真对构建的回收网络模型的计算结果进行验证。验证结果表明,飞机多机种（型）出动网络模型及其算法适合应用于实践中,并且有助于对空军场站飞机多机种（型）出动能力的研究。     

中国铁路提速后技术进步对产出贡献的测算

选取我国铁路提速后1997~2007年间的相关数据,采用基于科布——道格拉斯生产函数的Solow余值法,将有限分布滞后模型和半参数回归模型引入计算模型,对数据进行拟合,计算得到铁路提速后技术进步、固定资本投入以及人力资本投入对产出的贡献率,并根据计算结果提出促进我国高速铁路建设的相关对策建议.