铁路信号系统软件设计开发平台研究

随着软件在铁路信号系统中占据着越来越重要的地位,其规模越来越大、复杂程度越来越高,为信号系统软件的设计研发带来了巨大的挑战。研发信号系统软件设计开发平台为信号系统软件的研发提供技术支撑,是信号系统软件设计开发的趋势。介绍一种支持铁路信号系统软件全生命周期的设计开发平台,及其在信号系统软件产品研发中的应用。     

城市轨道交通应急管理模式初探

高速发展的城市轨道交通行业已进入到一个突发公共事件频发的时期,如何正确认识和应对这些突发公共事件,是需要城市轨道交通企业高度重视、谨慎对待的问题;指出必须通过建立和健全城市轨道交通应急管理机制,不断提高城市轨道交通企业应急处置能力.     

城市轨道交通综合枢纽 信息化设计思路剖析

通过对深圳北站交通枢纽建设项目的案例分 析,结合信息化集成系统的特点,对城市轨道交通综合 枢纽信息化设计的思路进行剖析。提出按照城市轨道 交通综合枢纽总体功能规划、综合枢纽运营管理模式 研究、信息化系统功能设计、信息化系统接口设计的系 统构建思路,并采用层次分析法与德尔菲法构建信息 化系统的评价体系,为其他城市进行交通综合枢纽信 息化系统设计提供参考。     

Total cost analysis: An alternative to benefit-cost analysis in evaluating transportation alternatives

This paper explains the theory in support of total cost analysis (TCA) to compare transportation system alternatives. The full costs of each alternative are first aggregated, including travel time costs and monetizable environmental and social costs. Many costs which are considered on the benefits side of the equation in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as "cost savings" are brought over to the costs side. Total cost differences among alternatives are then traded off against their estimated non-monetized benefits or impacts, just as a consumer trades off product quality against cost before deciding which product he or she will buy. One advantage of TCA over traditional BCA is that the concept of "total cost" is more easily understood by the public and by political decision-makers than BCA concepts such as "net present worth", "benefit-cost ratio" and "internal rate of return". A second advantage is that there is no suggestion that all "benefits" have been considered; decision-makers are free to use their own value judgements to trade off total cost against non-monetizable social, environmental and economic impacts, just as they trade off quality and convenience against cost when purchasing goods and services in their roles as consumers. The TCA approach is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of two systemwide alternatives for the Baltimore, MD urban area.     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement     

基于ITS的汽车主动避撞性关键技术研究(一)

利用信息感知、动态辨识、控制等技术与方法提高汽车的主动安全性，是智能交通系统（ITS）的主要研发内容之一。介绍了基于ITS的汽车主动避撞关键技术的研究工作，主要包括：车辆运动中对周围障碍物的感知技术方法；危险或安全状态的动态辨识；具有主动避撞性能的ACC（Adaptive Cruise Control）技术等；给出了相关技术研究的仿真及实验结果，并对该技术在我国的实用化前景进行了展望。     

交通信息服务条件下的出行选择分析

首先 ,探讨了出行者的出行心理、行为以及信息之间的相互关系 ,在此基础上 ,简要分析了出行者的出行选择。其次 ,考虑在交通信息服务条件下 ,由于出行者本身以及信息方面的原因 ,出行选择可能出现过激反应、集聚反应等问题。最后 ,针对上述问题 ,提出应该加以重视的或有待进一步研究的几个问题。     

多货物品种集装化运输的优化调度问题

用数学模型描述了供应商根据某一用户在各个不同时间段内对不同货物的需求量情况,利用各种不同型号的箱体进行分时段货物发送的问题。其最终目的是为了求得能够使运输成本和存储成本达到最小的货物发送方案,该问题是一个由批量问题和拼箱问题所组成的复合问题。就此问题,提出了一种三阶段算法。通过理论分析,该算法可以有效地解决此类问题。     

基于弹性动力分析的工程机械集成化设计系统

为了解次目前国内工程机械设计中由于动力学分析水平和设计效率较低而造成的产品性能落后这一长期存在的问题，首次引入弹性动力分析理论建立了工程机械工作装置的通用弹性动力分析模型，以此为基础建立了工程机械动力学仿真系统，并建立了工程机械方案设计与部件选型专家系统以实现总体方案设计、部件选型和整机动力匹配的自动化，最后利用信息集成技术建立了基于弹性动力分析的工程机械集成化设计系统。     

基于WEB技术的工程管理信息系统开发

基于WEB技术开发的工程管理信息系统可以适应工程建设参建单位众多、工程跨越的时间长、空间大、人员流动性高等待点，随着计算机技术和互联网应用的普及，该系统应用方便、成本低、效率高，具有显著的比较优势和应用价值。以厦门市路桥建设投资总公司最新开发完成的工程管理信息系统为基础，介绍基于WEB技术的工程管理信息系统开发思路。