Book review

Since society values both, it is desirable to implement management solutions that protect these species while minimizing social and economic impact, even if it is not required by law. This case study analyzed management issues relating to sea turtle bycatch in a small-scale gillnet fishery that targets flounder in Pamlico Sound, North Carolina. A primary goal of this research was to examine the feasibility of achieving both biological and social objec­tives by determining if any compatibility existed between those different objectives. This was done by cross-referencing quantitative social data with management measures that would achieve biological goals. Qualitative data also provided insight into scientific issues, obstacles to management effectiveness, and potential solutions. Overall, this article discusses the possibility of implementing solutions that reflect multiple societal values while operating under the Endangered Species Act.     

基于生产函数的长江航道对长江经济带的科技贡献度测算

为明确长江航道对长江经济带的科技贡献作用,运用扩展的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数模型定量计算长江航道对长江经济带的科技贡献度。结果表明,2005-2017年长江航道科技对长江经济带的平均贡献度为38.31%,整体水平较高,科技进步对长江经济带的发展拉动作用明显。     

TGP技术在隧道断层破碎带超前预报中的应用研究

为解决某隧道断层破碎带地层易出现拱顶塌方、掉块、涌水的问题,通过现场掌子面调查结合TGP技术等手段,研究了TGP技术在断层破碎带中的应用情况。结果表明,当反馈数据显示围岩反射界面较密集,纵波速度连续下降时,表明掌子面前方围岩破碎,裂隙水较发育;TGP技术对断层破碎带地层岩性可进行较准确地预测与划分,对于地下水丰富地层隧道应同时配合其他检测手段进行隧道涌水量的预报。     

Western Australia's nonstatutory approach to coastal zone management: An evaluation

Abstract

Western Australia is fortunate that there have been few natural disasters on the coast. However, low levels of coastal erosion during the 1970s demonstrated the need to establish coastal zone management in that state of Australia. The erosion was quickly contained because private ownership to the high water mark is almost nonexistent, private property being set back behind coastal reserves along most of the coast. The provision of coastal reserves has been part of a deliberate nonstatutory coastal planning and management approach. As a result Western Australia has been able to use existing acts, coordination between existing government agencies, and coastal policies rather than enact specific coastal legislation to manage the coast.     

基于内聚力模型的夹层玻璃冲击破坏仿真分析

夹层玻璃冲击破坏行为的高精度和高效率仿真分析是汽车行人保护法规评价的重要基础。建立了夹层玻璃板辐射状网格的六面体单元有限元模型,采用ABAQUS软件中的固有内聚力模型描述冲击破坏过程中的裂纹发生和扩展现象,仿真得到的玻璃板裂纹及落锤加速度时间历程曲线与试验结果一致性良好,验证了仿真方法及模型的有效性。考虑了不同单元类型、不同网格分布形式对夹层玻璃冲击破坏仿真精度和计算效率的影响。     

异形截面斜拉桥索塔锚固区节段足尺模型试验研究

通过对哈尔滨绕城高速公路四方台松花江大桥索塔锚固区的节段足尺模型试验,研究了主塔预应力束的施工工艺,进行了索塔模型在环向预应力束及拉索作用下的应力和变形分析,确定了索塔锚固区的抗裂安全系数并对模型进行了计算机仿真分析;由其结果与试验实测值的比较,得到了一些有益的结论。研究的部分成果已应用于实桥结构,对主塔结构的优化设计起到了一定的指导作用。     

Car-free city centres

In a car-free city centre car traffic is limited by an area-wide ban to its functionally necessary share. This usually includes delivery and service vehicles and residents' cars. The lock-out of unnecessary car traffic must not be an isolated measure, but part of a pulland-push approach. The most important supporting measure concerns the provision of attractive public transport services. Case studies from Bologna, Lubeck, Aachen, York, and Nuremburg are reported.     

乌鞘岭隧道大台竖井施工通风技术

对兰新线兰武段乌鞘岭隧道大台竖井施工通风设计和实施进行总结，从中了解高寒地带深竖井施工通风的难度，以及现场实际操作中经常遇到的问题和解决方法。     

南京市老城环境整治若干问题的探讨

结合南京市老城环境整治工程实践,探讨老城改造和新区建设的规划设计理念以及具体实施中若干原则问题,从而建设独具特色的城市生态交通空间,创造和谐、自然的人居环境。     

基于ETM+信息提取波密～墨脱公路方案线不良地质的方法研究

在公路可行性研究工程地质勘察阶段，使用美国陆地卫星7的ETM 信息及其增强信息，探调了西藏波蜜-墨脱公路方案线的公路地质背景条件，并对沿线不同地段、重点工程的不良地质进行了分析。这一研究为青藏高原这个特殊地理单元上应用遥感技术进行公路方案线的选择、优化提供了操作性极强的方法与技术体系。