电梯用电计量原理与分摊方法

根据电梯工作原理和工作过程,通过设置与电梯工作状态相关的计量及其控制器件,对楼宇交通状况分析和做相关实验,将电梯实际用电情况用数学方法进行计算,合理地将楼宇电梯用电费分摊至电梯使用住户。     

Adapting interactive stated response techniques to a self-completion survey

We report here on how we adapted Interactive Stated Response Methods to use in a self-completion survey of 454 California households to measure the market for electric vehicles in California. Electric vehicles are a novel product and have many features unfamiliar to consumers, in particular their home recharging capability and limited range. Reflexive techniques were designed to draw households into a deeper exploration of the lifestyle implications of electric vehicles than can be done in more typical self-completion surveys, and to stimulate key decision processes previously observed in detailed gaming interviews with 51 households. Reflexive self-completion techniques provide a middle course between typical large sample quantitative surveys and small sample, detailed gaming interviews. One of the benefits of the more intensive techniques was that participants reported finding the surveys interesting and return rates were high for a self-completion approach – over sixty percent. We review previous transportation and sociological methods which inspired our design, describe the design goals and features of our research, and summarize research results pertinent to testing the validity of our approach.     

The quality of survey data: Telephone versus face-to-face interviews

Those designing surveys and producing data have always been concerned about its quality. The increasing stringency of the financial constraints which affect public authorities and the increased scope of involvement in the regulation of urban travel has led us to pay even greater attention to the quality of data. This issue is frequently covered in the literature on survey methods. However, comparisons between different survey methods are more rarely conducted. The decision to conduct such an analysis is partly the result of the development of telephone use to the detriment of other survey modes in many countries and also the development of Computer-Aided Telephone Interviewing (CATI) which facilitates the running and monitoring of the survey.This paper examines several aspects of this question in order to compare the performance of telephone and face-to-face interviews. The first aspect is the representativeness of the sample, and therefore relates mainly to the issue of nonresponses and the choice of a sample base. The second concerns the accuracy of the information and involves the choice of a survey area and the recording of all trips, including short-distance travel. Finally, the quality of data is obviously determined by the quality of the responses given by those interviewed.The answers we give frequently depend on the objective of the surveys, which leads us to put forward a table which summarizes the performance of telephone and face-to-face interviews on the basis of the main objective of the survey. Broadly, the telephone seems to be the favoured tool for surveys in the area of transport planning and surveys which aim to provide data for forecasting models, mostly on the grounds of cost. However, face-to-face techniques are often preferred for surveys which aim to discover and analyze the factors which explain individual travel behaviour.     

租船运输业务与法律课程专业双语教学调查问卷评析

为提高学生英语水平,突出我院办学特色,对管理系国航专业租船运输业务与法律课程双语教学进行问卷调查。对开展双语教学是否有必要、教学质量、教材质量、教师水平、双语授课的比例、教学时数、建议和看法等方面广泛征求学生的意见,大部分学生认为开展双语教学有必要,既提高了外语水平,又提升专业知识和能力。对双语课程教学质量、双语教学的教材、教师的知识水平表示满意；认为双语教学应保证质量,稳步增加。通过问卷调查,也发现学生对教师所讲知识的掌握程度不理想；过半学生未提前预习和课后复习所要讲授的内容。     

复式拱桥加固与保护设计

以重庆市石柱县过蛟龙古拱桥与现代新拱桥迭合而成的复式拱桥的加固与保护设计为例,通过现场病害调查、合理计算模型的探讨找出病害所在及病害产生的原因,提出了桥梁加固与保护所采取的方法。     

复杂形状海洋浮体水动力系数计算

网格划分是水动力计算的关键环节,文中针对复杂形状海洋浮体提出了一种湿表面网格划分方法.对于有复杂首尾结构的浮体,用型线重构的方式在首尾生成曲面构成所需要的截面线,将通用建模工具和NURBS曲线拟合相结合,生成相贯结构的相交线;然后,用分片法生成浮体湿表面及内自由面网格,并独立表达各自的速度势以处理不规则频率现象,进而进行水动力系数计算.计算结果表明,上述处理方式很适合复杂形状海洋浮体水动力系数的计算.     

浅谈概率论中数学期望的计算方法

本文介绍了用特征函数、条件数学期望、对称性等求解数学期望的方法,解法各具特色.     

Implementing a GPU-based numerical algorithm for modelling dynamics of a high-speed train

This paper discusses the initiative of implementing a GPU-based numerical algorithm for studying various phenomena associated with dynamics of a high-speed railway transport. The proposed numerical algorithm for calculating a critical speed of the bogie is based on the first Lyapunov number. Numerical algorithm is validated by analytical results, derived for a simple model. A dynamic model of a carriage connected to a new dual-wheelset flexible bogie is studied for linear and dry friction damping. Numerical results obtained by CPU, MPU and GPU approaches are compared and appropriateness of these methods is discussed.     

Factors with the greatest influence on drivers' judgment of roundabouts safety. An analysis based on web survey in Italy

The aim of this paper is to identify the roundabout geometric characteristics affecting the safety perception while the typical maneuvers (entry, circulation, exit) are being carried out. The tool used was an on-line questionnaire, filled out by about 1.650 respondents. Four different dimensionality reduction methods (Cluster Analysis, Correspondence Analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis) were used to analyze the data collected from the survey, in order to examine the key factors affecting the safety perception during the typical roundabout maneuvers. The considerations arising from the final model are the following: 1) the respondents' opinions regarding the safety perception of maneuvers are not preconceived ideas, but they originate from specific safety perceptions due to roundabout geometric configurations; 2) the users prefer definitely single lane roundabouts; this is an important confirmation of most results in the literature; 3) it was quantified the extent of the relationship between the safety perception of the typical roundabout maneuvers and the following aspects: a) maneuver type, b) geometric characteristics of the roundabouts design elements. This is the innovative aspect of the present research whose results have implications regarding theory, infrastructure and the application of new safety technologies.     

郑万高铁隧道大断面机械化施工关键技术研究

为实现大断面隧道机械化施工,针对郑万高速铁路湖北段隧道机械化施工所面临的掌子面稳定性控制、支护结构参数优化、机械化施工工法及施工工艺参数选取等主要问题,采取现场试验、资料调研、理论分析等手段,提出掌子面稳定性综合分级方法及稳定性控制措施,并对超前支护、洞身支护参数进行优化。郑万高速铁路采用全断面法和微台阶法2种工法进行施工,同时,对高压劈裂注浆、低预应力锚杆、超挖控制、高标号初喷混凝土等施工工艺进行探索和应用; 在信息化项目管理平台的基础上,建立基于施工动态管理的隧道作业面分类管理方法。研究成果在郑万高速铁路的成功应用将极大提高隧道建设的机械化水平,为隧道机械化施工提供参考。