隧道开挖中的应力旋转和裂隙塑性变形问题研究

通过对隧道开挖过程进行三维数值模拟,分析了隧道开挖过程中主应力方向的旋转变化,研究了主应力旋转与隧道裂隙塑性变形的关系,验证了"考虑应力主轴旋转的广义塑性原理"的正确性,并将数值模拟结果和相关试验成果进行了对比,得出了一致性的结论。研究结果表明,应力旋转基本在隧道开挖前后10 m左右的距离内完成,隧道开挖过程中的应力旋转可以引起裂隙塑性变形的突变,且对竖向和斜向裂隙的影响较大;可以根据应力旋转的变化规律合理地选择支护时机,依据应力旋转对裂隙的影响对隧道的重点部位进行超前加固。     

大洪山生态文化旅游区空间发展模式研究

文章针对近域旅游区主导旅游资源相似和相异并存的特点,提出旅游区＂整合-竞合＂发展模式（3C模式）,并以大洪山生态文化旅游区组织与规划为例,提出基于游客行为的旅游线路组织模式及相应的旅游公路网布局结构与交通设计理念。     

西部某交通勘察设计企业发展战略转型研究

文章以西部某交通勘察设计企业为研究对象,对当前交通勘察设计企业所面临的内外部形势进行分析,并针对企业转型发展中所存在的问题,提出以创新为驱动的发展模式,总结归纳出推动企业可持续发展的相关对策,对类似交通勘察设计企业的转型发展具有一定的参考和指导意义。     

Toward regional transportation governance: a case study of Greater Vancouver

This paper discusses the evolving institutional structure and governance of transportation planning, policy development and transit delivery within one major North American city-region, the Greater Vancouver area. Various methods of transportation governance are explored from complete independence to full regional integration. The move away from a direct provincial role in transportation management to a greater regional transit authority is discussed and critiqued. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Cooperation in transit delivery in West German metropolitan areas

West Germany is densely populated, averaging 245 inhabitants/km², but varying widely between urban agglomerations and rural areas. Transport volume has increased by 40% since 1970, with virtually all growth due to private automobiles. Since 1981 public transit has been suffering from decreasing demand.A 1964 Expert's Report to the German federal government was the stimulus for initiating an effective funding mechanism for new public transit construction. In 1965 Germany's first federated transit authority was founded for the region of Hamburg.Principal among the goals of any cooperative agreement among transit companies are improvements for the passengers and improvement of revenues for the companies. To attain these ends, two distinct forms of transit aggrements have been developed in Germany: transit cooperative (Verkehrsgemeinschaft) and transit federation (Verkehrsverbund). The former is more suitable for smaller to medium-sized towns, while the latter is more suitable for larger cities. The two types are described in this article.German transit federations during the 1970s succeeded in significantly increasing ridership, while during the 1980s patronage has either remained steady or has declined. Yet transit federations showed much better perfomance than did public transit in general. In terms of costs and revenues, no public transit organization in Germany is able to break even; deficits vary between 42% and 55%. The author concludes, however, that hidden subsidies for automobile traffic are far higher, because of environmental damage and the high social cost of traffic accidents.     

道路交通车辆检测技术及发展综述

基于对智能交通系统（ITS）最基本要素——交通信息采集技术的研究,以及对常用车辆检测器进行的分类、分析和研究,阐述固定型检测技术中较为典型的几种车辆检测器工作原理,分析各自的优势、不足和适用环境。结合当今科技的发展趋势及ITS的发展需求,分析探讨道路交通车辆检测技术的发展方向和交通信息融合技术。     

海拉尔～满洲里一级公路总体设计

海拉尔～满洲里一级公路是交通运输部第二批示范项目,是内蒙古自治区第一个公路示范工程。因其地处草原地区,故被称为"草原示范第一路"。通过海满公路总体设计,介绍新理念在该项目各个环节中的应用情况,对今后草原公路的设计工作起到积极的参考借鉴作用。     

高速铁路列车开行方案反馈调整系统开发研究

为了实现对高速铁路旅客运输规划的综合优化,讨论了构建高速铁路开行方案反馈调整系统的意义和重要性,并以C#为开发工具,设计开发出了高速铁路列车开行方案反馈调整系统。从系统的模块设计、数据库设计以及流程设计角度介绍了系统。系统从运力资源、运行图和客运需求3个方面对初始开行方案进行反馈调整,实现了开行方案的优化。     

国Ⅳ之后柴油机三种燃油喷射系统对比及其技术发展趋势

系统地介绍了电控泵喷嘴系统、电控单体泵系统、电控共轨系统的结构及牛寺｜点。阐述了电控燃油喷射系统的技术发展趋势。     

桥梁信息管理与健康监测系统设计与开发

为实现桥梁从施工期到运营期信息化、数字化和智慧化管理,通过桥梁信息管理与健康监测系统的设计与开发,即按照全面的桥梁基础资料管理、长期运营监测数据与定期检测成果相结合、定期检测成果与加固维修措施相结合的原则,实现了桥梁全寿命期的一体化信息管理系统的融合及应用。系统提供了监测管理模块的多源数据采集、测点管理、图形绘制、监测预警,检测管理模块的移动端病害录入、技术状况评估、历年病害统计对比,加固维修管理模块的对策措施和费用匡算等功能。依据桥梁长期监测数据、检测病害,可综合评判桥梁健康状况,为今后开展桥梁养护管理及加固维修提供依据,有效提升桥梁运维管理水平。