公路隧道出入口平面线形一致性检验研究

由于地形、地物等条件的限制,项目选线中隧道洞口段位于回旋曲线上,考虑到洞口段行车的安全,规范对隧道出入口的平面线形一致性有专门的要求,但在实际操作过程中存在一定的困难和分歧。以JTG D20--2006公路路线设计规范中不设缓和曲线的圆曲线最小半径以及回旋曲线最小长度计算出的临界内移值P,提出了一个隧道出入口平面线形一致性检验的定量化判据,即行车道中心线上距洞口3s设计速度行程终点与驾驶员继续按设计时速行驶3s后的位置偏差△D≤临界内移值P,否则就认为不满足一致性要求。     

不同状态下路面摩擦系数现场试验研究

为了更加准确地测出不同状态下路面摩擦系数,采用三轴加速度仪测量车辆制动过程中的加速度变化过程.经过低通滤波后,分析出了车辆在制动过程中的加速度变化规律,并根据现场试验的结果给出了旧沥青混凝土路面、水泥混凝土路面、积雪覆盖的路面、新建高速公路沥青混凝土路面和水泥混凝土路面的摩擦系数值.试验结果为交通安全分析提供了最直接的依据.     

数字式磁通门磁强计设计

采用DSP芯片作为信号处理核心的数字式磁通门磁强计,代替传统的模拟电路对磁通门输出信号进行处理,提高磁强计对环境干扰的抵抗能力,采用ARM控制器作为系统的控制核心,完成系统的协同控制工作以及人机交互功能.     

基于灰色层次分析法的导航系统滤波效能评估

综合灰色理论和层次分析法提出一种滤波效能评估方法。描述了该方法的评估步骤,通过层次分析法确定指标的权重,利用灰色理论对效能进行量化评估。最后给出一个实例进行计算。结果表明：基于灰色层次分析法的导航系统滤波效能评估方法是有效的。     

洗坛废水处理工程应用研究

该文介绍了某企业洗坛废水的处理工程。洗坛废水有机污染物(CODcr)浓度较低,可生化性较好,水质水量波动大,SS较高。某企业本着"节能减排、综合利用"的原则,采用了以生物接触氧化法为主,以预处理+深度处理为辅的组合工艺处理洗坛废水,系统运行稳定、效率高、运行成本低。工程运行结果表明,CODcr和SS处理后出水水质达到设计要求,可直接排放和回用于洗坛用水。同时,就工程中存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了解决办法。     

自适应算法在单轴激光惯导初始对准中的应用

针对传统的卡尔曼滤波在单轴旋转激光惯导动基座初始对准中当系统噪声和量测噪声未知时,会导致滤波精度下降甚至发散的问题,设计了简化Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法,建立了动基座条件下的单轴旋转激光捷联惯导的误差方程,利用设计的算法进行了仿真,结果表明在误差模型较大时,自适应滤波算法可以很好的提高滤波精度和稳定性。     

New approaches to enhance active steering system functionalities: preliminary results

An important development of the steering systems in general is active steering systems like active front steering and steer-by-wire systems. In this paper the current functional possibilities in application of active steering systems are explored. A new approach and additional functionalities are presented that can be implemented to the active steering systems without additional hardware such as new sensors and electronic control units. Commercial active steering systems are controlling the steering angle depending on the driving situation only. This paper introduce methods for enhancing active steering system functionalities depending not only on the driving situation but also vehicle parameters like vehicle mass, tyre and road condition. In this regard, adaptation of the steering ratio as a function of above mentioned vehicle parameters is presented with examples. With some selected vehicle parameter changes, the reduction of the undesired influences on vehicle dynamics of these parameter changes has been demonstrated theoretically with simulations and with real-time driving measurements.     

A numerical model of a HIL scaled roller rig for simulation of wheel–rail degraded adhesion condition

Scaled roller rigs used for railway applications play a fundamental role in the development of new technologies and new devices, combining the hardware in the loop (HIL) benefits with the reduction of the economic investments. The main problem of the scaled roller rig with respect to the full scale ones is the improved complexity due to the scaling factors. For this reason, before building the test rig, the development of a software model of the HIL system can be useful to analyse the system behaviour in different operative conditions. One has to consider the multi-body behaviour of the scaled roller rig, the controller and the model of the virtual vehicle, whose dynamics has to be reproduced on the rig. The main purpose of this work is the development of a complete model that satisfies the previous requirements and in particular the performance analysis of the controller and of the dynamical behaviour of the scaled roller rig when some disturbances are simulated with low adhesion conditions. Since the scaled roller rig will be used to simulate degraded adhesion conditions, accurate and realistic wheel–roller contact model also has to be included in the model. The contact model consists of two parts: the contact point detection and the adhesion model. The first part is based on a numerical method described in some previous studies for the wheel–rail case and modified to simulate the three-dimensional contact between revolute surfaces (wheel–roller). The second part consists in the evaluation of the contact forces by means of the Hertz theory for the normal problem and the Kalker theory for the tangential problem. Some numerical tests were performed, in particular low adhesion conditions were simulated, and bogie hunting and dynamical imbalance of the wheelsets were introduced. The tests were devoted to verify the robustness of control system with respect to some of the more frequent disturbances that may influence the roller rig dynamics. In particular we verified that the wheelset imbalance could significantly influence system performance, and to reduce the effect of this disturbance a multistate filter was designed.     

基于GPS/DR的现代有轨电车定位方法研究

针对现代有轨电车运行环境和运营特点,采用GPS定位为主,航位推算为辅的车辆定位方案,确保现代有轨电车在运营线路上定位信息的连续性和完整性。采用卡尔曼滤波等数据处理方法,减少传感器采集数据的零偏漂移和随机漂移,降低航位推算的累积误差,提高定位信息的精确性。由理论分析和跑车试验可以看出,组合定位方案和数据处理方法可以有效实现现代有轨电车在全部运行线路上的跟踪和定位。     

商用车预热状态对稳态回转试验的影响

文章分析了稳态回转试验中车辆的预热状态对试验结果一致性的影响,总结出在不同预热条件下,胎压、胎温对轮胎侧偏刚度的影响,更进一步地证实了轮胎胎压和胎温稳定性对车辆稳态回转试验结果的影响,完善如稳态回转类试验的测试方法,为改善该试验结果一致性提供参考。