高性能混凝土配合比设计方法研究

结合重庆石板坡长江大桥复线桥高性能混凝土应用研究,应用数值分析方法回归得到了高性能混凝土28 d立方体抗压强度与胶凝材料比例、水泥强度、胶水比的多元线性关系,为高性能混凝土配合设计提供了参数计算的依据。     

基于模糊优先层次分析的建设项目投资控制研究

该文针对建设项目投资控制的问题,分析了影响投资控制的诸多因素,运用模糊优先关系比较法的数学方法,将这些复杂因素的重要性建立二元对比矩阵,并进行量化分析,按组合权重排序,找出影响投资控制的重要因素,并结合某轨道交通项目投资控制的实例。表明该方法的有效性。     

路面改造方案与使用性能指数及病害的基本关系

针对公路养护质量检评的数据,路面使用性能中的各项指标,总结出路面养护措施与其使用性能指数及各项指标的关系。针对不同的路段及路面病害状况提供了相应的路面改造方案,为实际的路面养护工作提供参考借鉴。     

岩石循环冲击损伤模型及其参数的确定方法

建立了基于 Weibull分布的统计学岩石冲击损伤本构模型。在理论假设的基础上,通过公式推导,建立了岩石单元体损伤本构模型。并通过数学的方法,确定了模型中参数的计算公式和方法,明确了参数的物理意义。建立了岩石在循环冲击作用下的损伤变量的表达式,分析了岩石在循环冲击作用下的损伤累计演化规律。在中南大学动静组合加载实验系统上,开展了岩石在不同应力状态下的循环冲击实验,将实验数据带入本构模型中。分析结果表明：实验曲线与理论曲线接近重合,验证了该模型的合理性;初步分析了岩石在循环冲击作用下的损伤演化规律以及破坏失稳过程。该实验为岩石在动力扰动作用下的力学机理以及岩爆产生的机制提供了一定的理论依据。     

长江中游流量与航道维护尺度关系研究

提出了一种构建宜昌流量与中游航道维护尺度关系的方法。利用长期观测资料,通过建立宜昌流量与中游水位站点水位回归方程,结合实际测图资料分析推导出宜昌流量与长江中游长河段航道尺度对应关系,为优化三峡水库调度方案、合理确定长江中游航道维护尺度提供理论基础。     

An improved dynamic hysteretic model for soils

A dynamic hysteretic constitutive model for soil dynamics, Ramberg-Osgood model, is introduced and improved in the paper. Since the model is inherently 1D and is assumed to apply to shear components only, other components of the deviatorie stress and strain and their relations in 3D case could not be fully described. Two parameters, the equivalent shear stress and the equivalent shear strain, are defined to reasonably establish relations between each of stress and strain components respectively. The constitutive equations of the initial Ramberg-Osgood model are extended to generalize the theory into multidimensional cases. Difficulties of the definition of load reversal in 3D are also addressed and solved. The improved constitutive model for soil dynamics is verified by comparisons with different soil dynamic testing data covering both sands and clays. Results show that the dynamic nonlinear hysteretie behaviors of soils can be well predicted with the improved constitutive model.     

基于混凝土损伤塑性本构模型的桥墩仿真分析

由于花瓶墩的体型巨大且几何构型不规则,采用一般的杆系单元方法只能近似分析其力学性能。利用ABAQUS的三维实体单元,分析该墩在组合工况作用下的三维应力分布情况,建立钢筋混凝土损伤塑性本构,计算桥墩混凝土开裂区的钢筋应力,分析混凝土裂缝的分布情况。与杆系单元相比,考虑混凝土损伤塑性本构关系的实体有限元仿真,更能直观精确地显示出非规则性结构的受力及细部裂缝的空间分布情况。     

Analysis of Work Zone Traffic Behavior for Planning Applications

Abstract

Understanding work zone traffic behavior is important for the planning and operation of work zones. The objective of this paper is to develop a mathematical model of work zone traffic flow elements by analyzing the relationships between speed, flow, and density that can be used to estimate the capacity of work zones. Traffic flow data were collected from 22 work zone sites on South Carolina interstate highways. The scatter plots of the collected data demonstrate that the relationship between speed and density does not follow Greenshields’ linear model. A non-linear hyperbolic model was developed to describe the relationship between speed and density. Using this model the capacity of a work zone was estimated to be 1550 passenger cars per hour for 2-lane to 1-lane closures. Adjustments to this capacity value to consider other types of vehicle as well as the work zone intensity are provided. Highway agencies can use this estimated capacity along with anticipated traffic demand to schedule work zone operations to avoid long periods of over-saturation.

The tapered approach to work zone lane closures used by South Carolina is similar to methods used in work zones throughout the world. The authors believe that the methodology described in this paper for modeling work zone traffic as well as estimating work zone capacity is transferable to other countries. The conversion of actual volumes to passenger car equivalents may have to be modified due to the significant differences in traffic makeup between the United States and other countries.     

卸荷下老黏土的静力特性试验研究

为了研究老黏土在卸荷条件下的强度和变形特性,利用应力路径三轴仪对武汉地区具有代表性的老黏土进行固结不排水三轴试验。通过与软黏土的已有研究成果进行对比,探讨了卸荷条件下老黏土主要破坏的型式和应力-应变归一化特性。基于Duncan-Chang模型,验证了适合武汉老黏土的非线性弹性模型,总结出老黏土的变形发展规律,并给出了Duncan-Chang本构模型参数建议值。