洞庭湖大桥销接节点设计精细化分析

采用实体单元及接触面单元建立销接节点区域局部有限元模型,精细的模拟了销接节点的受力。结合洞庭湖大桥主梁和吊索连接的销接节点设计,揭示了销接节点的受力状态,得出销孔接触面的接触应力及吊点耳板销孔局部承压的应力分布,并结合国外相关规范对洞庭湖大桥的销接节点进行了计算。     

盾构管片接缝传力垫层的接触特性试验研究

为了研究盾构管片接缝的接触特性,采用带有橡胶垫层的混凝土试件来模拟盾构管片和橡胶垫层,通过加卸载条件下的直剪试验和单轴压缩试验,探究盾构管片接缝和接头处的切向和法向接触特性。由试验结果可知:1)接触面剪切应力随剪切位移的变化过程可以分为弹性变形、弹塑性变形和应变软化3个阶段,剪切峰值应力的残余百分比为55%~65%;2)橡胶垫层在混凝土之间起到了良好的缓冲作用,对管片的失稳破坏过程有一定的延缓作用;3)根据试验结果得出管片混凝土强度等级为C50、传力垫层厚度为2 mm时接触面的切向和法向接触刚度,为盾构管片接缝传力垫层接触摩擦特性的分析计算提供参考。     

Solving conformal contacts using multi-Hertzian techniques

Recently, publications aiming at wheel–rail contact surveys let readers think that multi-Hertzian methods present severe drawbacks with respect to ‘virtual penetration’ methods. These surveys criticise multi-Hertzian solutions mainly because presenting ‘larger contacts overlaps’ and ‘frequent secondary contacts near the border of the first contact’, both obvious geometric possibilities of which the practical occurrence and eventual inconvenience would remain purely theoretical unless established over definite methods demonstrating poor practical results. Recent surveys all quote Piotrowski–Chollet 2005 survey of wheel–rail contact models that attempted to illustrate defective multi-Hertzian techniques by concentrating on the method initiated by Sauvage in the 1990s and further developed by Pascal. The 2005 paper not only gives no evidence of practical inconveniences of Sauvage’s method but also confuses static geometric contact overlaps with the dynamical overlapping of forces. In reality it mixes Sauvage method up with a quite different technique. Thus a clarification is now necessary by reminding what the proper Sauvage technique really is and by showing some of its practical successful applications. The present paper, focusing on determination of normal contact forces in conformal situations, intends to explain clearly the advantages of the unequivocal localisation of secondary ellipses in that multi-Hertzian method which has been developed in INRETS VOCO codes in the 1990s and successfully used by SNCF and ALSTOM in the INRETS-SNCF code, VOCODYM, and later in Pascal’s online calculation of railway elastic contacts code. It proved its effectiveness for studying freight wagons derailments as well as rail wear and head-check, unrounded wheels wear, high-speed lines’ deformations or TGV comfort. While simulating American ACELA trainsets’ behaviour on the US North-East Corridor tracks, prior to actual tests, as part of the commercial contract. It has been also a major tool for bringing back together French and American Safety Standards.     

Nonlinear analysis of wind-induced vibration of high-speed railway catenary and its influence on pantograph–catenary interaction

The wind-induced vibration of the high-speed catenary and the dynamic behaviour of the pantograph–catenary under stochastic wind field are firstly analysed. The catenary model is established based on nonlinear cable and truss elements, which can fully describe the nonlinearity of each wire and the initial configuration. The model of the aerodynamic forces acting on the messenger/contact wire is deduced by considering the effect of the vertical and horizontal fluctuating winds. The vertical and horizontal fluctuating winds are simulated by employing the Davenport and Panofsky spectrums, respectively. The aerodynamic coefficients of the contact/messenger wire are calculated through computational fluid dynamics. The wind-induced vibration response of catenary is analysed with different wind speeds and angles. Its frequency-domain characteristics are discussed using Auto Regression model. Finally, a pantograph model is introduced and the contact force of the pantograph–catenary under stochastic wind is studied. The results show that both the wind speed and the attack angle exert a significant effect on the wind-induced vibration. The existence of the groove on the contact wire cross-section leads to a significant change of the aerodynamic coefficient, which affects largely the aerodynamic forces applied on the catenary wires, as well as the vibration response. The vibration frequency with high spectral power mainly concentrates on the predominant frequency of the fluctuating wind and the natural frequency of catenary. The increase in the wind speed results in a significant deterioration of the current collection. The numerical example shows that a relatively stable current collection can be ensured when the wind flows at the relatively horizontal direction.     

组合工便梁在既有线框构桥顶进施工中的应用

摘要：在铁路既有线的框构桥顶进施工中,线路加固方式受框构跨度、限界及限速等条件约束。根据1—9．Om框构桥顶进施工的实例,结合D型便梁和吊轨横抬梁的特点,设计并采用了组合工便梁法进行线路加固,由于该加固体系受约束条件少适应范围大,故对其结构组成、主要构件设计检算、施工顺序及技术要点等进行介绍,便于类似工程参考和比选。     

货车F型车钩强度非线性有限元仿真分析

对F型车钩零部件进行了三维实体建模,然后在基于车钩不同材料试验数据基础上采用了装配分析、接触非线性分析以及材料非线性分析三者于一体有限元分析技术对其进行了强度分析．最后给出了车钩在拉伸工况下的应力状态,其结果显示应力较大部位很好地吻合了车钩在实际运用中破坏的状况,进而为车钩设计、改进和检修提供了非常有价值的理论依据．     

橡胶密封件工作特性数值模拟及分析

本文对某密封装置的橡胶密封件的安装过程及工作状态进行数值模拟,分析得到影响其密封效果的决定因素,并得到橡胶应力分布情况从而获得其容易受损及失效的关键部位。计算结果表明其密封效果与橡胶初始压缩量及其密封介质压力下有关。以Cauchy应力为指标表征橡胶受力状况,并得到了其分布规律。分别从密封件工作性能及影响其工作性能因素两个角度出发,分析得出相应结论,为橡胶密封圈的安装及设计提供指导。     

键槽形式对船闸闸室结构的受力影响

针对长江上游某船闸工程,运用ANSYS软件分别模拟带键槽缝和带平缝的分离式闸室结构。缝的切向接触采用库伦摩擦模型,法向接触具有传压不传拉的特性。探讨了接缝开度、结构的竖向位移及结构的应力状态等方面的规律,综合分析了键槽缝对结构的影响。研究表明:与平缝相比,梯形键槽闸室结构接缝处的开度小、整体性好,接缝两侧闸墙和底板位移连续,地基应力分布较均匀。增大键槽角度有助于减小接缝开度,使地基应力分布更趋均匀。     

体外预应力结构计算的接触分析方法

提出采用接触分析方法进行体外预应力结构的计算模拟。同时,为验证此方法的可行性,依据相关试验参考文献资料数据,建立对应的有限元结构分析模型,采用有限元分析接触单元法和原普遍采用的共用结点法,分别对梁体进行数值模拟计算,结果表明,接触单元法具有更好的计算精度和准确性。而后,采用接触单元法针对不同体外预应力筋线形布置情况进行接触模拟计算,找到加固效果最好的体外预应力筋布设位置。     

汽车电路的电压降要求及其控制方法研究

首先分析汽车电路中主要系统或者部件对电压降的要求,并结合这些要求提出对电压降的控制方法,最后总结出电压降的测试内容、方法、判定标准等,提出了一整套有效控制汽车电路电压降的方案。