区域性城际轨道交通规划与区域协调发展研究

鉴于国外区域发展的经验,研究珠三角及深圳境内城际轨道交通规划的建设,通过论证城际轨道交通对珠三角区域城市群结构重塑及区域经济、一体化交通发展及深港同城化的作用,提出区域性城际轨道交通规划与区域协调发展的一体化战略.研究表明,城市化进程的加速使城市在竞争与合作中发展,城市群、都市圈成为城市空间发展的新趋势,城市及其区域一体化是未来城市空间布局的关键,城市轨道交通作为城市空间结构的骨架,构建了城市布局,城际轨道交通的规划建设为区域空间整合提供了机遇.     

Modeling delay at signalized intersections with channelized right‐turn lanes considering the impact of blockage

This paper presents a probabilistic delay model for signalized intersections with right‐turn channelization lanes considering the possibility of blockage. Right‐turn channelization is used to improve the capacity and to reduce delay at busy intersections with a lot of right‐turns. However, under heavy traffic conditions the through vehicles will likely block the channelization entrance that accrues delay to right‐turn vehicles. If the right‐turn channelization gets blocked frequently, its advantage in reducing the intersection delay is neglected and as a result the channelization lane becomes inefficient and redundant. The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) neglects the blockage effect, which may be a reason for low efficiency during peak hours. More importantly, using HCM or other standard traffic control methods without considering the blockage effects would lead to underestimation of the delay. To overcome this issue, the authors proposed delay models by taking into account both deterministic and random aspects of vehicles arrival patterns at signalized intersections. The proposed delay model was validated through VISSIM, a microscopic simulation model. The results showed that the proposed model is very precise and accurately estimates the delay. In addition, it was found that the length of short‐lane section and proportion of right‐turn and through traffic significantly influence the approach delay. For operational purposes, the authors provided a step‐by‐step delay calculation process and presented approach delay estimates for different sets of traffic volumes, signal settings, and short‐lane section lengths. The delay estimates would be useful in evaluating adequacy of the current lengths, identifying the options of extending the short‐lane section length, or changing signal timing to reduce the likelihood of blockage. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An exact modelling of the uniform control traffic delay in undersaturated signalized intersections

The average delay experienced by vehicles at a signalized intersection defines the level of service (LOS) at which the intersection operates. A major challenge in this regard is the ability to accurately estimate all the components underlying the overall control delay, including the uniform, incremental and initial queue delays. This paper tackles this challenging task by proposing a novel exact model of the uniform control delay component with a view to enhancing the accuracy of the existing approximate models, notably, the one reported in the Highway Capacity Manual 2010. Both graphical and analytical proofs are employed to derive exact closed‐form expressions for the uniform control delay at undersaturated signalized intersections. The high degree of accuracy of the proposed models is analysed through extensive simulations to demonstrate their abilities to exactly characterize the performance of real‐life intersections in terms of the resulting vehicle delay. Unlike the existing widely adopted uniform delay models, which tend to overestimate the LOS of real‐life intersections, the delay models introduced in this paper have the merit of exactly capturing such a LOS. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

含轴带发电机的船舶电站协调控制

船舶电站运行工况复杂,对供电系统运行的安全经济性要求较高,采用主机驱动的轴带发电机具有较好的节能效果。轴带发电机与辅助发电机并网运行时,馈电主开关之间必须进行综合协调控制,才能确保有序的连续供电。本文重点对含轴带发电机的船舶电站协调控制进行研究,结合某船复杂的运行工况和机组特性,制定出整船电站系统协调控制策略,经过验证,该船各种工况下功率分配满足要求,主开关控制策略设置合理,电站系统能够安全可靠运行。     

一种基于排队长度的多入口匝道协调控制算法

匝道控制是一种限制交通流量,解决高速公路交通拥挤的有效手段。一种基于排队长度的多入口匝道协调控制的新型算法能根据不同的交通流采取不同的控制策略,从而更有效地控制入口匝道。采用Vissim仿真软件对该算法进行仿真,仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

一种新型的匝道控制方法

匝道控制是一种限制交通流量,解决高速公路交通拥挤的有效手段。传统的控制方法多采用单入口匝道控制,一种基于需求-容量差额控制的多匝道协调控制的新型算法能更有效地控制入口匝道。采用Vissim仿真软件对该算法进行仿真,仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

一种基于排队长度的多入口匝道协调控制算法

匝道控制是一种限制交通流量,解决高速公路交通拥挤的有效手段。一种基于排队长度的多入口匝道协调控制的新型算法能根据不同的交通流采取不同的控制策略,从而更有效地控制入口匝道。采用Vissim仿真软件对该算法进行仿真,仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

公路平面交叉口交通安全改善措施

公路平面交叉口是交通事故的集中发生地,改善公路平面交叉口交通安全是降低我国交通事故数量的重要途径．通过对江苏省部分国省道公路平面交叉口进行实地交通调查,从交叉口基础设施建设的情况出发,对引起公路平面交叉口交通事故的因素,包括交叉口位置,几何属性情况,交通标志标线,信号设置和交叉口交通环境等方面进行了简要的阐述．根据这些方面存在的交通安全问题提出公路平面交叉口交通安全的主要改善措施,并以实例进行分析说明,为改善公路平面交叉口交通安全提供具体的方向和依据．     

直升机双机协同飞行投雷研究

基于舰载直升机单机飞行投雷的基础上,通过对双机协同飞行投放鱼雷方法、双机协同组织过程的分析,建立了攻击机投放参数的解算模型,通过仿真计算,证明双机协同飞行投放鱼雷能有效地提高鱼雷的命中概率。     

公交联动发车模型的研究

乘客的候车时间可分为2部分(在出发站点的等待时间及在换乘站的换乘时间),仅考虑换乘时间最短的区域公交协调调度模型无法降低乘客在出发站点的等待时间。针对此问题,提出了公交联动发车的概念及需满足的条件。在对乘客类型分类的基础上,分析了弹性乘客候车时间的计算方法,统计了各类型乘客的各部分候车时间,以所有乘客总的候车时间最短为目标建立公交联动发车模型。针对模型变量多的特点,选用遗传算法进行了求解。采用实例对模型的有效性进行了验证。结果表明,在维持发车间隔不变的基础上,联动发车模型较区域协调调度模型在降低乘客候车时间方面具有明显的优势,乘客候车时间降低了15.2%。