横向风作用下高速铁路车桥系统绕流特性分析

基于不可压缩二维雷诺平均N-S方程，采用RING（renormalization group）k-ε两方程湍流模型，对德国ICE（intercity-express）列车和标准简支梁组成的车桥系统在横向风作用下的二维绕流特性进行了分析．计算网格为由三角形非结构网格和四边形结构网格组成的混合网格，采用有限体积法对微分方程进行离散，应用SIMPLE算法解决压强-速度耦合关系．根据高速铁路桥梁带挡风墙的特点，引入空腔流动研究成果对车桥系统的绕流特性进行了理论分析．结果表明，高速铁路桥梁挡风墙的挡风机理在于充分运用了空腔流的旋涡特性．     

某型船锁气室通风量设计研究

文章通过模型试验结合工程分析的方法,提出一套对锁气室风量设计优化选择的流程。建立1∶1的锁气室模型,对不同风量下污染物变化情况进行试验,初步获得各风量下浓度变化情况。在试验的数据基础上,结合工程实际情况,从造价因素、安装因素和人员流动三个方面进行分析,选择实船适用的风量。     

Mathematical model for optimising the sequence for clearing snow from the manoeuvring area during winter operations

This article considers the optimisation of the sequence for clearing snow from stretches of the manoeuvring area of an airport. This issue involves the optimisation of limited resources to remove snow from taxiways and runways thereby leaving them in an acceptable condition for operating aircraft. The airfield is divided into subsets of significant stretches for the purpose of operations and target times are established during which these are open to aircraft traffic. The document contains several mathematical models each with different functions, such as the end time of the process, the sum of the end times of each stretch and gap between the estimated and the real end times. During this process, we introduce different operating restrictions on partial fulfilment of the operational targets as applied to zones of special interest, or relating to the operation of the snow‐clearing machines. The problem is solved by optimisation based on linear programming. The article gives the results of the computational tests carried out on five distinct models of the manoeuvring area, which cover increasingly complex situations and larger areas. The mathematical model is particularised for the case of the manoeuvring area of Adolfo Suarez Madrid—Barajas Airport. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Highlights
• Optimal sequence for clearing snow from the manoeuvring area of an airport.
• Contains optimising algorithms solved using CPLEX LP‐based tree search.
• Restrictions on partial fulfilment of operational targets applied to subsets of significant stretches, used for planning the operation of snow‐clearing machines.
• Model applied to the case of the manoeuvring area of Adolfo Suárez Madrid Barajas Airport.
• Conclusions are given on the results of the computational tests carried out. There are five models of the manoeuvring area which cover increasingly complex situations and larger areas.

     

高桥墩设计计算中的两个问题

根据最小势能原理,用瑞雷-里兹法解决了高桥墩的几何非线性分析问题;其次,提出了等效水平力的新概念,可以方便地解决桥墩和板式橡胶支座联合抵抗垂直力所产生的二次效应问题.笔者提出适合于手算的简便计算公式,概念明确,勿须迭代运算,精度较高,易为设计人员掌握,因此具有实用价值．     

RAPID MOLECULAR DETECTION OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT S. AUREUS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Staphylococcus aureus is found in the nose andon the skin of a variety of healthy individuals,andis an opportunistpathogen in patients with loweredhost resistance.The isoxazolylpenicillin (e.g.me-thicillin,cloxacillin,flucloxacillin) have been themainstay of treatment for infection over2 5years.But emergence of antibiotic resistance(MRSA) is aproblem in hospitals due to transmission of epi-demic MRSA strains with antibiotic resistance.Ac-quisition of MRSA continues to be of major con-cern…     

Transport of radionuclides by sea-ice and dense-water formed in western Kara Sea flaw leads

A transport assessment of particle-bound and dissolved artificial radionuclides (¹³⁷Cs and ^239,240Pu) by sea-ice and dense-water formed in western Kara Sea flaw leads close to the Novaya Zemlya dumping sites is presented in this study. We both performed a “best estimate” based on available data, and a “maximum assessment” relying on simulated constant releases of 1 TBq ¹³⁷Cs and ^239,240Pu from individual dumping bays. The estimates are based on a combination of (i) the content of particulate matter in sea-ice; (ii) analytical data and numerical simulations of radionuclide concentrations in shelf surface deposits, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and the dissolved phase; and (iii) estimates of lead-ice and dense-water formation rates as well as modeling results of local ice drift pathways. In the “best estimate” case, 2.90 GBq ¹³⁷Cs and 0.51 GBq ^239,240Pu attached to sea-ice sediments can be exported from the lead areas toward the central Arctic basin. The radionuclide burden of the annually formed dense lead water in the “best estimate” amounts to 4.68 TBq ¹³⁷Cs and 0.014 TBq ^239,240Pu. In the “maximum assessment”, potential export-rates of ice-particle bound ¹³⁷Cs and ^239,240Pu toward the central Arctic would amount to 0.64 and 0.16 TBq, respectively. As much as ≈900 TBq ¹³⁷Cs and ≈6.75 TBq ^239,240Pu could be annually taken up by 34.75 dense-water rejected in the lead area. Assuming the (unlikely) instantaneous release of the total ¹³⁷Cs and ^239,240Pu inventories (≈1 PBq and 10 TBq, respectively) from the Novaya Zemlya dumping sites into the dissolved phase, the dense lead water locally formed during one winter season could take up ≈90% of the Cs and ≈68% of the Pu released.     

高速双体船斜浪中运动响应及连接桥波浪载荷预报

应用二维时域格林函数法对二维半定解问题进行了求解,应用发展的二维半理论和程序对WP60高速穿浪双体船在斜浪中的垂荡、纵摇、横摇和垂向加速度等运动响应及连接桥结构的波浪载荷进行预报,并把理论计算结果与模型试验结果及其它程序计算结果比较分析,初步验证了文中方法和程序在预报高速双体船运动及载荷性能中的适用性.     

基于互谱算法的矢量水听器拦截鱼雷仿真研究

通过对矢量水听器的输出进行互谱分析与计算,测量鱼雷噪声方位变化率,即时引爆悬浮式深弹对来袭鱼雷实施硬杀伤的实施过程,说明其原理并推导出相应的结果。在已有关于悬浮式深弹拦截来袭鱼雷研究基础上,建立了悬浮式深弹作战使用模型,并进行了一定的仿真实验。根据仿真实验的结果分析表明,该方法简单易行,适合于悬浮式深弹引爆。     

无轨运输隧道施工辅助斜井型式探讨

为解决隧道施工辅助斜井单、双车道选择以及斜井轮廓尺寸方面的问题,通过对行车限定速度、错车时车辆通过情况进行模拟,以数学推导的方法,分析单、双车道的通过能力,研究斜井内的断面布置。认为单、双车道斜井的通过能力相差极大,当通过斜井开辟隧道施工工作面较多,计算施工高峰期总车流量大于单车道斜井最大通过能力时必须采用双车道;同时通过对单、双车道断面布置中的车辆外形、各种间隙、人行道、管路、水沟等尺寸的研究,提出了单、双线斜井轮廓尺寸。     

蚌埠新港穿堤旱闸工程设计与施工

阐述蚌埠新港穿堤旱闸工程设计和施工要点,并对该工程方案比选、设计计算、施工质量控制方法等方面进行介绍。