Simulation of curving at low speed under high traction for passive steering hauling locomotives

The traction control in modern electric and diesel electric locomotives has allowed rail operators to utilise high traction adhesion levels without undue risk of damage from uncontrolled wheel spin. At the same time, some locomotive manufacturers have developed passive steering locomotive bogies to reduce wheel rail wear and further improve locomotive adhesion performance on curves. High locomotive traction loads in curving are known to cause the loss of steering performance in passive steering bogies. At present there are few publications on the curving performance of locomotive steering with linkage bogies. The most extreme traction curving cases of low speed and high adhesion for hauling locomotives have not been fully investigated, with effects of coupler forces and cant excess being generally ignored. This paper presents a simulation study for three axle bogie locomotives in pusher and pulling train positions on tight curves. The simulation study uses moderate and high traction adhesion levels of 16.6% and 37% for various rail friction conditions. Curving performance is assessed, showing forced steering bogies to have considerable advantages over self steering bogies. Likewise it is shown that self steering bogies are significantly better than yaw relaxation bogies at improving steering under traction. As the required traction adhesion approaches the rail friction coefficient, steering performance of all bogies degrades and yaw of the bogie frame relative to the track increases. Operation with excess cant and tensile coupler forces are both found to be detrimental to the wear performance of all locomotive bogies, increasing the bogie frame yaw angles. Bogie frame pitching is also found to have significant effect on steering, causing increased performance differences between bogie designs.     

Curving performance simulation of an EMS-type Maglev vehicle

For electromagnetic suspension (EMS) type urban Maglev vehicles using a U-shaped electromagnet, the levitation and guidance forces are generated by only one electromagnet. Although the levitation force is actively controlled by changing the voltage of the electromagnet, the guidance force is passively determined by the levitation force. In addition, the curve negotiation performance of EMS-type urban Maglev vehicles using a U-shaped electromagnet must be considered, because an urban guideway may have some curves with shorter radii. It is, therefore, necessary to predict the curving performance with the greatest accuracy possible, in order to improve electromagnetic suspension and establish guideway design specifications. The objective is to establish a new dynamic modelling technique, so as to achieve more realistic curving simulation and thus to more accurately evaluate the curving performance of an EMS-type Maglev vehicle. The use of a full vehicle multibody dynamic model is proposed, and is applied to the evaluation of curving performance. Design changes are also investigated to obtain the bogie design directions for minimising variation in the lateral air gap, which is a criterion for curving performance.     

弯道中环流对船舶产生的倾覆力矩计算分析

结合水力学知识,研究了弯道中水流的环流形成机理,给出了弯道中的横向自由水面表达式。通过环流垂向的速度分布公式,探讨了弯道中航行的船舶的受力情况,并计算出了环流对船舶产生的力矩作用的大小,给出了计算表达式。     

The VOCO multi-body software in the context of real-time simulation

The railway multi-body software developed for more than 20 years by INRETS (now IFSTTAR), under the name VOCO^®, has been dedicated from the origin to highly nonlinear elements, such as the dry friction dampers of freight bogies and the wheel–rail contact based on measured profiles. A second important step has been the discovery of a particular method in order to simulate on sinuous tracks. In the aim of industrial applications, the specification has always been to reach the goal of real time. Although it is not possible in all the cases, the recent non-Hertzian contact development is allowing real-time simulation to be achieved.     

高速客车通过曲线时的动态响应及安全性研究

本文从国内外各型客车转向架中选取一组计算参数,在建立客车横向动力学模型的基础上,研究高速客车通过曲线时的动态响应及安全性,并对转向架各悬挂参数的合理选择进行分析,以及对适应于高速客运的线路提出了要求。     

引入“等效曲线半径”概念进行机车车辆几何曲线通过计算

文章采用一种新的计算方法,将"等效曲线半径"概念引入机车车辆曲线通过计算中,将转向架固定轴距引起的车体偏移等效到曲线半径中,这样既可以在计算中考虑转向架引起的车体相对于轨道的偏移,提高计算的准确性,又可以使原本复杂的计算简化。     

弹性车轮车辆临界速度及曲线通过性能分析

建立了弹性轮对车辆—轨道耦合系统动力学模型,对弹性轮对车辆—轨道耦合系统的临界速度及曲线通过性能进行了动力学仿真,并与刚性轮对车辆的计算结果进行了比较和分析。根据GB/T 5599—1985《铁道车辆动力学性能评定及试验规范》进行评价,结果表明,弹性车轮的临界速度及曲线通过性能均满足要求。     

弯曲河段通过大型船舶能力预报研究

干线航道的船舶通过能力大小,取决于弯曲、浅滩、桥区等限制性河段的船舶通过能力,为了使有限的航道资源得到充分的利用,开展有关限制性航段船舶通过能力研究,尤其是弯曲河段船舶通过能力,实现船舶通过能力的准确预报是十分必要的.根据弯曲河段航道特点和水流特征,通过分析弯曲河段风、流对船舶运动的作用机理,采用数学建模的方法,建立弯曲河段航道宽度、曲率半径等航道尺度与通航船舶尺度的关系模型,实现弯曲河段通过能力的准确预报.     

内河弯曲航道凹岸取水口处船舶安全横距计算模型研究

依据船舶通过内河弯曲航道运动规律,考虑取水口对船舶航行的影响特点,以某工程实例为研究对象,建立船舶通过内河弯曲航道凹岸取水口处安全横距计算模型。为保证船舶安全通过弯曲航道中取水口所导致的横流区域提供依据。     

高速公路边坡的圆弧化设计与实践

公路边坡处理中以往只注重其功能作用,而忽视了其对公路景观的重大影响。文中提出了边坡圆弧化的设计概念,对公路圆弧化设计的形式和设计内容做了归纳。结合随州至岳阳高速公路随州至京山段的设计和施工,对边坡的圆弧化做了尝试。实践表明,高速公路边坡采用圆弧化的处理方式,能使道路景观得到较大的提升。