绞吸式挖泥船外力计算软件及应用

介绍了绞吸式挖泥船外力计算软件的基本原理和功能,以2 000 m3/h绞吸式挖泥船为研究对象,把软件计算得到的结果与实际测量结果作比较,两者非常接近.设计者可以参考该软件计算得到的外力值合理选取相关的设计参数,同时也为结构计算提供了依据.     

双曲拱桥的养护检查分析

桥梁养护检查是进行桥梁养护、维修与加固的前期工作，是决定维修与加固方案可行和正确与否的可靠基础。     

有效性目标下的车辆最优维护周期

为准确确定有效性目标下的车辆最优维护周期,基于更新理论中的更新函数以及优化概念,分别建立了以有效度最大和以单位时间内总停驶时间最少为目标的2个最优维护周期数学模型。利用78辆某型商用车多年记录的运行故障数据和维修费用数据,进行了故障分布的参数估计和假设检验,在置信度大于0.95的前提下,确认车辆运行故障服从Weibull分布,并由所建模型解得车辆的最优维护周期里程为15617km。验证性分组试验结果表明:当二级维护周期取15122km时,车辆的有效度达到最大值0.9551;维护周期模型解与分组试验最优周期里程的相对误差仅为3.27%,模型的解准确可靠,符合实际。综合模型研究和实车验证性试验结果,最终认定有效度最大目标意义下的车辆最优二级维护周期为15000km。     

微表处施工常见问题与处治措施

介绍了微表处的施工工艺，着重从施工准备过程、摊铺工艺和养护展开阐述，对其施工过程中常见的混合料拌和时间短、表观效果羞、摊铺厚度不够、表面泛油和接缝不美观等问题进行了分析研究，阐明其形成机理，并提出了相应的解决办法。     

浅述公路养护工程质量的评定

重点介绍了公路养护的内容及其质量等级的评定,并具体分析了分项计分标准。     

Failure rates and data driven policies for vehicle safety inspections in Pennsylvania

Rail, truck, commercial bus, and aircraft have federally mandated safety inspection programs in the United States, while inspections of personal vehicles, which make up the majority of passenger miles, are optionally imposed at the state level. In recent years, some states have chosen to eliminate the vehicle safety inspection program because of budget constraints and concerns about program effectiveness. Currently, 26 states have a schedule for conducting safety inspections, but Pennsylvania is one of thirteen states that currently require all personal light duty vehicles to be inspected every year. The remaining states have completely eliminated safety inspection programs. However, as automobiles become safer, Pennsylvania legislators are now pushing to phase out the inspection program to reduce the costs of owning a vehicle. This study combines Pennsylvania vehicle registration data with two large samples of results from state safety inspections. We find that the state safety inspection fail rate for light-duty vehicles is 12–18%, well above the often-cited rate of 2%. Vehicles that are older than three years old or have more than about 30,000 miles can have much higher rates. When analyzing new vehicles, less than or equal to one year old, it is found that even these vehicles have a failure rate greater than zero. Furthermore, while the vehicle fleet appears to be getting safer over the past few years by improvements in technology or other external circumstances, the inspection failure rate does not appear to be trending toward zero in the near future. We also show that accurate inspection data is limited and often incorrectly analyzed. Lastly, the importance of vehicle maintenance over a vehicle’s lifetime is proven to be evident, since regular usage causes vehicles to deteriorate. We conclude that vehicle safety inspections should continue to be implemented in order to keep driving conditions safe.     

复杂地质条件下TBM刀具失效形式及原因分析与应对措施

为研究分析复杂地质条件、不合理掘进参数等与TBM刀具异常损坏、刀具消耗的关系，以利于TBM掘进效率和施工成本的控制，在系统阐述TBM刀具常见失效形式的基础上，研究分析总推力、刀盘转速、刀具贯入度等掘进参数及不同围岩单轴抗压强度、石英质量分数等地质参数对刀具磨损及异常损坏的影响规律。以引汉济渭秦岭隧洞和中天山隧道工程为例，对刀具消耗及失效形式进行统计分析，并从刀具选型、检查及维修等方面，提出针对性的优化方法。最后，基于目前刀具配置及监测技术存在不足的现状，提出应进一步研发刀间距可调的刀具配置技术，以确保不同地质条件下的刀具破岩效率；同时，加强对TBM工作环境具有较强适应性的新型刀具状态监测系统的研发及应用。     

关于做好危险货物运输车辆维修管理工作的思考

阐述了做好危险货物运输车辆维修管理工作应采取的措施,确保安全运输,保障人民群众生命财产安全。     

上海市南北高架桥面铺装整治方案研究

针对上海市南北高架铺装的特点,结合夜间封交、白天开放交通的施工条件,初选了预防性养护、铣刨加罩、现场热再生三种常见路面整治措施进行分析.进一步对铣刨加罩和技术上可行的预防性养护方案沥青还原处治、含砂雾封层、微表处,从病害处治效果、设计使用年限、施工速度、施工质量稳定性等方面比选,确定推荐方案铣刨加罩.方案比选过程和结论可供类似工程参考.     

Multi-level condition-based maintenance planning for railway infrastructures – A scenario-based chance-constrained approach

This paper develops a multi-level decision making approach for the optimal planning of maintenance operations of railway infrastructures, which are composed of multiple components divided into basic units for maintenance. Scenario-based chance-constrained Model Predictive Control (MPC) is used at the high level to determine an optimal long-term component-wise intervention plan for a railway infrastructure, and the Time Instant Optimization (TIO) approach is applied to transform the MPC optimization problem with both continuous and integer decision variables into a nonlinear continuous optimization problem. The middle-level problem determines the allocation of time slots for the maintenance interventions suggested at the high level to optimize the trade-off between traffic disruption and the setup cost of maintenance slots. Based on the high-level intervention plan, the low-level problem determines the optimal clustering of the basic units to be treated by a maintenance agent, subject to the time limit imposed by the maintenance slots. The proposed approach is applied to the optimal treatment of squats, with real data from the Eindhoven-Weert line in the Dutch railway network.