桥梁健康监测损伤诊断方法研究

本文选用RBF神经网络实现对桥跨结构的损伤评估,并采用基于MATLAB的最小二秉法曲线拟合预测特征参数的发展趋势.通过对实际测试结果分析,表明系统性能良好,能够客观地对桥梁整体结构作出评估.     

拱桥吊杆损伤退化机理及寿命评估研究进展

该文综述了拱桥吊杆损伤退化机理及其剩余寿命评估方法。通过对吊杆病害、荷载行为及损伤演化模型的概括总结得出:护套损伤演化、钢丝锈蚀和开裂是吊杆损伤退化的主要机理,温度和桥面振动是导致吊杆损伤退化的关键因素。吊杆承载力及寿命评估可根据锈蚀检测结果,采用脆性钢丝模型假设,将吊杆视为串并联系统,用极值Ⅲ型分布或蒙特卡罗法模拟。针对实桥检测、监测、诊断和评估等方面碰到的诸多问题,提出了新的研究路线。     

高速公路沥青混凝土路面常见病害及防治

文章主要介绍了高速公路沥青混凝土路面常见的病害及产生原因,提出了早期预防措施和后期治理等。     

Discussion on the dispersion ＆ agglomeration of aircraft industry

The aircraft industry is crucial to the economy and security of a nation. In this paper, the spatial characteristics and patterns of the aircraft industry are analyzed on different spatial scales. It is found that there is a 'Matthew effect' in the global aircraft industry and the spatial evolution of the industry is consistent with the industrialization process of the whole country. It is also revealed that the spatial evolution of the country is driven by both the centripetal forces including capital, talents, technology and agglomeration economies and the centrifugal forces including the comparative advantage, cost &risk sharing, emerging markets, development policy for less-developed regions and the military imperative. These forces have both market-stabilizing and market-disrupting effects on the spatial evolution of the aircraft industry. The study suggests that lessons drawn from the experiences in the United States and France are expected to be conducive to the rise of China's aircraft industry in the future.     

汶川地震桥梁震害与延性抗震设计探讨

首先介绍汶川地震的震源机制,然后对地震中桥梁典型震害调查情况进行描述、归纳,结果表明:上部结构以落梁、局部碰撞破坏、纵向与横向移位为主要表现形式;下部结构存在桥墩折断、混凝土剥落、开裂、挡块普遍失效等震害现象,桥梁附属结构震害以支座移位与变形、伸缩缝张开或挤压、护栏开裂为主.最后对国内外延性抗震设计,尤其是细部设计进行了对比和探讨.     

基于差异演化算法的公路纵断面优化设计

差异演化算法可以在原始地面线数据的基础上直接由计算机自动产生一个较好的纵断面设计方案,可以实现纵断面设计的全局寻优,从而缩短设计周期,减少土石方工程量,降低公路建设成本。     

Simplified model for evaluation of VIV-induced fatigue damage of deepwater marine risers

A simplified empirical model for fatigue analysis of deepwater marine risers due to vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in non-uniform current is presented. A simplified modal vibration equation is employed according to the characteristics of deepwater top tensioned risers. The response amplitude of each mode is determined by a balance between the energy feeding into the riser over the lock-in regions and the energy dissipated by the fluid damping over the remainder based on the data from self-excited oscillation and forced oscillation experiments of rigid cylinders. Multi-modal VIV fatigue loading is obtained by the square root of the sum of squares approach.Compared with previous works, this model can take fully account of the main intrinsic natures of VIV for low mass ratio structures on lock-in regions, added mass and nonlinear fluid damping. In addition, a closed form solution of fatigue damage is presented for the case of a riser with uniform mass and cross-section oscillating in a uniform flow. Fatigue analysis of a typical deepwater riser operating in Gulf of Mexico and West Africa shows that the current velocity profiles affect the riser's fatigue life significantly and the most dangerous locations of the riser are also pointed out.     

基于Logistic混沌方程的光通信系统仿真研究

通过混沌光通信系统模型的建立,利用MATLAB对Logistic混沌方程产生混沌序列进行频谱能量和功率谱密度分析,发现混沌信号的频谱密度可以作为光通信系统模型的检测依据,并在此基础上进行MATLAB仿真研究,表明可以将混沌信号作为信息载体,实现光通信的混沌传输,由于混沌理论具有良好检测微弱信号的能力,从而开辟了光通信长距离无色散传输的另一种途径．     

带表面裂纹连续梁损伤识别的曲率模态小波分析

以带横向非对称非贯通表面裂纹的连续梁为研究对象,利用小波奇异性检测原理,提出了带表面裂纹连续梁损伤识别小波分析方法.以带表面裂纹连续梁三维有限元分析求解梁的位移模态为基础,利用中心差分法得到梁的曲率模态,再用sym4小波对曲率模态进行连续小波变换,根据小波系数模极大值识别损伤位置,以一个三跨连续梁内两处半椭圆形表面裂纹的损伤识别为例,通过数值计算分析,验证了方法的有效性.同时,计算结果表明,运用曲率模态小波变换识别连续梁损伤比基本振型的小波变换方法更为准确、有效.该研究对带表面裂纹结构的损伤诊断应用具有参考价值.     

损伤位置对梁振动模态影响的数值研究

梁结构的损伤与其刚度有直接关系,因此模态分析方法可应用于桥梁损伤检测中。通过论述模态分析技术的理论基础,并对标准简支损伤梁振型的数值研究,可揭示出不同损伤位置对梁振动模态的影响,从而提出一种桥梁损伤诊断的新思路。