ITS域跨平台应用技术

为适应综合交通运输网络多元化业务的发展, 实现交通信息传输的兼容性、标准化与适应性, 研究了异构信息系统的Web、CORBA、QT跨平台处理技术与H.264视频转码机理, 分析了基于ITS条件的跨平台异构操作系统数据及图像传输的基本要求, 提出了基于B/S的可伸缩SVG路况地图Web浏览界面, C/S的ViewBox视窗与H.264转码技术的交通信息监控技术。应用结果表明: 新技术的应用满足ITS的地域广与实时性高的要求, 提高了ITS图像跨平台传输的质量与系统的鲁棒性。     

基于1553B总线的异构网络数据转换系统的设计与实现

针对某型船舶中央集控系统采用1553B通信协议的特点,研究并实现了1553B数据采集模块、1553B与以太网数据格式转换模块,以及以太网数据发送模块等主要软件模块.通过构造一个公用的数据结构并对其进行存储或解析的方法,实现了1553B网络与以太网之间的数据转换,开发了数据转换及监控系统软件.实际应用表明,该系统稳定、可靠地实现异构网络间数据的转换功能.     

Generating lane-based intersection maps from crowdsourcing big trace data

Lane-based road information plays a critical role in transportation systems, a lane-based intersection map is the most important component in a detailed road map of the transportation infrastructure. Researchers have developed various algorithms to detect the spatial layout of intersections based on sensor data such as high-definition images/videos, laser point cloud data, and GPS traces, which can recognize intersections and road segments; however, most approaches do not automatically generate Lane-based Intersection Maps (LIMs). The objective of our study is to generate LIMs automatically from crowdsourced big trace data using a multi-hierarchy feature extraction strategy. The LIM automatic generation method proposed in this paper consists of the initial recognition of road intersections, intersection layout detection, and lane-based intersection map-generation. The initial recognition process identifies intersection and non-intersection areas using spatial clustering algorithms based on the similarity of angle and distance. The intersection layout is composed of exit and entry points, obtained by combining trajectory integration algorithms and turn rules at road intersections. The LIM generation step is finally derived from the intersection layout detection results and lane-based road information, based on geometric matching algorithms. The effectiveness of our proposed LIM generation method is demonstrated using crowdsourced vehicle traces. Additional comparisons and analysis are also conducted to confirm recognition results. Experiments show that the proposed method saves time and facilitates LIM refinement from crowdsourced traces more efficiently than methods based on other types of sensor data.     

Real-time traffic state estimation in urban corridors from heterogeneous data

In recent years, rapid advances in information technology have led to various data collection systems which are enriching the sources of empirical data for use in transport systems. Currently, traffic data are collected through various sensors including loop detectors, probe vehicles, cell-phones, Bluetooth, video cameras, remote sensing and public transport smart cards. It has been argued that combining the complementary information from multiple sources will generally result in better accuracy, increased robustness and reduced ambiguity. Despite the fact that there have been substantial advances in data assimilation techniques to reconstruct and predict the traffic state from multiple data sources, such methods are generally data-driven and do not fully utilize the power of traffic models. Furthermore, the existing methods are still limited to freeway networks and are not yet applicable in the urban context due to the enhanced complexity of the flow behavior. The main traffic phenomena on urban links are generally caused by the boundary conditions at intersections, un-signalized or signalized, at which the switching of the traffic lights and the turning maneuvers of the road users lead to shock-wave phenomena that propagate upstream of the intersections. This paper develops a new model-based methodology to build up a real-time traffic prediction model for arterial corridors using data from multiple sources, particularly from loop detectors and partial observations from Bluetooth and GPS devices.     

矩形顶管隧道群施工对后背土体扰动规律的初步研究

为更准确地计算矩形顶管隧道施工所需顶推力,揭示小间距顶管隧道群施工中后背土体在顶推力多次叠加作用扰动后的变化情况。首先,基于现有顶管顶推力相关计算公式推导出适用于矩形顶管的顶推力计算公式。然后,整理分析某顶管隧道群工程施工中后背土体水平位移、土压力实测数据,论证矩形顶管顶推力计算公式的正确性与合理性,得到后背土体受顶推力作用产生的水平位移是以隧道中心处为最大值的弓形分布、土体在顶推力二次作用下会产生更为显著的变化且存在残余应力现象等结论。最后,采用统计方法对顶推压力与后背土体水平位移、土压力之间的数据进行处理,取得后背土在顶推压力作用下产生水平位移与土压力的经验公式。     

基于实时数据的快速路可靠性及其影响因素研究

首先对快速路运行状态可靠性的概念进行了界定,提出了基于交通统计的快速路可靠度的计算方法,利用北京市二环路的实测数据,对北京市二环路各路段的可靠度进行了计算.在对可靠度值及饱和度、交通需求的波动、出入口密度、辅路交通状况等实测数据分析的基础上,得出饱和度对快速路的可靠性影响最大,其相关系数R达到0.9以上,在饱和度比较高的情况下,交通需求的波动、出入口密度、辅路交通状况与快速路可靠度的相关系数R均处于0.7以上.     

南京地铁1号线车辆数据记录仪的研究与应用

南京地铁1号线运营10年以来,列车在正线运行中发生的故障数量和类型都越来越多,但车上现有的诊断设备记录车辆关键数据的能力有限,当车辆发生故障时,并不足以给维修技术人员提供全面的信息。针对此问题,对车辆World FIP网络协议进行研究,开发了的车辆数据记录仪。该记录仪通过专用隔离变压器接入列车World FIP网络总线,在物理层解决网络接入问题的同时,根据网络节点特征及变量特征进行协议分析,并结合已有的变量定义,解析并记录FIP网络中的所有通信数据。通过实际应用中的数据对比可以看出,所设计的车辆数据记录仪能持续且较全面地记录所有World FIP网络上的通信数据,非常有利于故障的查找和分析,从而能准确地解决故障、提高车辆故障的处理效率。     

基于移动闭塞系统的信号机显示方案分析

地铁移动闭塞信号系统中,由于存在后备模式,地面信号机存在点灯与灭灯2种方案,2种方案各有优劣,通过分析对比,推荐采用亮灯方案。     

Geoswath Plus多波束水深数据抽稀算法研究

根据多波束数据量大的特点,采用VC++程序开发语言,结合工程实际需要,开发出一套多波束数据抽稀程序,有效解决了用户从原始多波束水深数据中提取所需数据的问题。     

江阴长江大桥钢箱梁疲劳应力监测及寿命分析

针对江阴长江大桥钢箱梁,进行了疲劳应力的监测分析和疲劳寿命的预测研究。利用实桥布设的应变传感器获取应变时程数据,处理成应力时程数据并结合雨流计数法技术,得到“日应力谱”和“标准日应力谱”。根据相关疲劳规范,研究了钢箱梁的疲劳寿命等问题。结果表明,由于车辆荷载谱或有限元模型均存在大量的假定简化,利用记录的应变（应力）时程数据进行疲劳寿命评估,为准确可靠的研究方法;应变传感器记录分析得到的日应力谱具有相似规律,“标准日应力谱”方法可以有效地处理应变传感器记录的大量实测数据。