钻孔灌注桩施工质量控制

桩基的施工往往深度较大,时间较长,各种不利情况随时都可能发生而导致废桩,因此必须慎重决策和严谨管理．才能减少或不发生返工,大幅度地提高灌注桩的合格品率,节约工程成本,降低工程造价。     

汽车覆盖件冲压成型过程中常见的缺陷分析

本文主要介绍了汽车覆盖件的关键加工技术——板料冲压成型,说明了其重要地位,详细地叙述了钣金冲压过程中出现缺陷的原因及影响因素,并通过某型号汽车的发动机蜗壳进行参数模拟分析,使之更直观的了解各因素对冲压成型的影响,最后提出了一些解决冲压成型缺陷的意见、方法。     

重载快速大运量区段P60钢轨鱼鳞伤和剥离掉块的研究

随着重载快速的实施,P60钢轨鱼鳞伤和剥离掉块更加突出,发展更加迅速．本文通过对津浦、沪宁、沪杭等繁忙干线上的钢轨鱼鳞伤和刺离掉块情况的现场调查,总结了钢轨鱼鳞伤及剥离掉块发生发展规律及主要基本特征,运用赫兹接触理论、轮轨磨擦学理论和轮轨耦合动力学理论,分析了钢轨鱼鳞伤和剥离掉块的成因,提出了减缓和整治钢轨鱼鳞伤和剥离掉块的措施,     

A decision support approach for condition-based maintenance of rails based on big data analysis

In this paper, a decision support approach is proposed for condition-based maintenance of rails relying on expert-based systems. The methodology takes into account both the actual conditions of the rails (using axle box acceleration measurements and rail video images) and the prior knowledge of the railway track. The approach provides an integrated estimation of the rail health conditions to support the maintenance decisions for a given time period. An expert-based system is defined to analyse interdependency between the prior knowledge of the track (defined by influential factors) and the surface defect measurements over the rail. When the rail health conditions is computed, the different track segments are prioritized, in order to facilitate grinding planning of those segments of rail that are prone to critical conditions. In this paper, real-life rail conditions measurements from the track Amersfoort-Weert in the Dutch railway network are used to show the benefits of the proposed methodology. The results support infrastructure managers to analyse the problems in their rail infrastructure and to efficiently perform a condition-based maintenance decision making.     

Data-driven optimization of railway maintenance for track geometry

Railway big data technologies are transforming the existing track inspection and maintenance policy deployed for railroads in North America. This paper develops a data-driven condition-based policy for the inspection and maintenance of track geometry. Both preventive maintenance and spot corrective maintenance are taken into account in the investigation of a 33-month inspection dataset that contains a variety of geometry measurements for every foot of track. First, this study separates the data based on the time interval of the inspection run, calculates the aggregate track quality index (TQI) for each track section, and predicts the track spot geo-defect occurrence probability using random forests. Then, a Markov chain is built to model aggregated track deterioration, and the spot geo-defects are modeled by a Bernoulli process. Finally, a Markov decision process (MDP) is developed for track maintenance decision making, and it is optimized by using a value iteration algorithm. Compared with the existing maintenance policy using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation, the maintenance policy developed in this paper results in an approximately 10% savings in the total maintenance costs for every 1 mile of track.     

沿海软土地区综合管廊运营初期结构病害调研及处理措施——以徐圩新区综合管廊为例

目前我国综合管廊建设规模较大,且多数分布在沿海软土地区,在运营初期廊内普遍存在病害发展较快且较隐蔽等问题。基于处于运营初期的连云港市徐圩新区城市地下综合管廊实际工程案例,针对管廊内存在的裂缝、渗漏、积水、错台等病害进行调研与分析。根据检查结果分析管廊病害发生原因并提出相应解决措施,为类似地质条件下的综合管廊建设和维养提供了参考和借鉴。     

储罐焊接缺陷安全评价

某3000 m3内浮顶成品油常压储罐罐壁存在＂十字＂形焊接缺陷,不符合GB 50341-2003的规定,取样后经室内检测和解剖发现,焊缝还存在未焊透和较严重的错边缺陷。为评价上述缺陷对储罐承压能力的影响,将未焊透缺陷简化成裂纹型缺陷后,用API 579-2000中的裂纹型缺陷评价方法进行评价,同时用静强度方法对错边缺陷进行了安全评价。评价结果表明：未焊透缺陷对储罐承载能力没有影响,但错边缺陷导致储罐最大允许液位降低,安全液位高度为8.562 m.     

基于VC、ANSYS和Access的含缺陷管道安全评定系统

含缺陷管道安全评定技术研究是油气管道施工与生产管理中的一个重要内容。系统分析了油气管道主要力学条件并综合考虑管道表面体积型缺陷等影响因素,利用ANSYS有限元分析软件的二次开发功能,运用VS2005、Access、ANSYS及其APDL语言,开发了含缺陷管道安全评定系统。该系统实现了数据库管理,含任意形貌的外缺陷、内缺陷和凹痕缺陷管道的参数化建模,非线性有限元分析以及安全评定,能够对多条管线全部缺陷的单一分析、组合分析进行全自动批量处理和控制,能够用于在役管线安全评定分析,为含缺陷管线的分析研究提供了有力工具。     

羊湖水电站压力钢管焊接质量评定

本文通过大里的试验,对压力钢管焊接接头的质量评定表明:在高海拔、低气压、低温 和严重缺氧的条件下,羊湖水电站采用焊接压力钢管的方案是科学的、经济的。      

3D激光扫描仪测设路面平整度及病害研究

路面平整度及病害检测是道路工程研究的重要内容.基于静态的三维脉冲激光扫描技术在一定程度上可以弥补现有检测技术和方法的不足,实现快速、方便、大面积的测设.有较高的应用价值.