The stability and mechanical characteristics of heavy haul couplers with restoring bumpstop

To investigate the stability and mechanical characteristics of a type of heavy haul coupler with restoring bumpstop, the geometry and force states of couplers were analysed at different yaw angles and the longitudinal forces. The structural characteristics of this coupler were summarised. To aid in the investigation, a multi-body dynamics model with four heavy haul locomotives and three detailed couplers was established to simulate the process of emergency braking. In addition, the coupler yaw instability and lateral forces were tested in order to investigate the effect of relevant parameters on the locomotive's wheelset lateral forces. The results show that only when the bumpstop force exceeds half of the coupler longitudinal compression force, can the follower be rotated and the yaw angle of the coupler increase. The bumpstop preload is the most important stabilising factor. The coupler lateral force is constant when the coupler longitudinal force is smaller than the critical values of 2000, 1400 and 1150 kN at coupler free angles of 7°, 8° and 9°, respectively, for operation on straight track. The coupler free angle and the locomotive's lateral clearance of the secondary stopper are important in decreasing the wheelset lateral forces of the locomotive. It is advised that a smaller locomotive's secondary lateral suspension stiffness, a free clearance of 35 mm and an elastic clearance of 15 mm from the secondary lateral stopper be selected. If the coupler's free angle is less than the self-stabilising angle which is 5.5° for operation on straight track, the coupler is stable no matter how great the longitudinal force is. The wheelset lateral forces are allowed at the coupler longitudinal force of 2500 kN when the free angle is 6°. These studies establish meaningful improvements for the stability of couplers and match the heavy haul locomotive with its suspension parameters.     

基于统计原理的铁路隧道运营期灾害类型及防灾对策研究

统计分析了83例国内外铁路隧道运营期事故资料,研究了铁路隧道运营期间主要灾害类型、原因及防灾对策。研究结果表明:1)铁路隧道运营期间主要灾害类型有火灾、列车碰撞、脱轨及衬砌剥落;2)铁路隧道运营期防灾应以隧道火灾为重点,同时兼顾列车碰撞、脱轨和隧道衬砌混凝土剥落等灾害;3)隧道内旅客列车火灾的主要原因为列车车辆关键部位故障、人为因素、列车车辆缺陷致列车碰撞或脱轨;4)依据土建设施规模及隧道结构分布特点,长大铁路隧道(群)运营期防灾模式可选择定点停车疏散救援模式、全长或局部范围内随机停车疏散救援模式;5)铁路隧道防灾涉及基础设施、铁道车辆和运输调度,应建立铁路隧道运营期灾害防范体系及预警系统,防止事故发生。     

跨座式单轨车辆空气弹簧失效对行车安全性能的影响研究

建立空气弹簧橡气囊破裂失效的跨座式单轨车辆动力学模型,对失效时的车辆运行安全性能进行分析,重点考察了倾覆稳定性系数、水平轮径向力和车体侧滚角。分析结果表明：当空气弹簧失效后,车辆运行安全性变差,通过曲线时水平轮出现脱轨现象,影响车辆运行安全性;当车速达到43km/h时,空气弹簧不同位置失效工况下车辆的防止脱轨稳定性较差,需要降速才能安全运行。     

侧向撞击作用下U形梁抗倾覆稳定性与失效模式

在对国内外相关规范关于桥梁抗倾覆稳定性计算方法与脱轨荷载调查分析的基础上,计算了U形梁在保持抗倾覆稳定性下的最大侧向碰撞荷载,对比了欧洲规范EN 1991-1-7:2006和TB 10002—2017《铁路桥涵设计规范》中U形梁的抗倾覆稳定性计算式.基于有限元分析方法对腹板侧向承载力进行仿真分析,明确了U形梁在侧向撞击...     

基于Kriging代理模型的高速列车悬挂参数的区间优化

针对高速列车悬挂设计参数难以选定的问题,提出一种基于Kriging代理模型的高速列车悬挂参数区间优化的方法.采用拉丁超立方试验设计方法确定仿真数据样本得到动力学仿真数据,利用偏最小二乘方法确定影响脱轨系数的主要悬挂参数,进而建立基于设计参数与仿真数据Kriging代理模型,以此模型实现悬挂参数区间优化.最后以CRH某型动车组悬挂参数为例进行了验证性优化分析,结果表明该方法正确可行.     

车辆脱轨的耦合动力学分析

本文应用车辆－轨道系统耦合动力学理论，对车辆经过一段由缓－圆－缓组成的线路进行了车辆的脱轨稳定性分析。通过对车辆在耦合动力学模型与传统车辆动力学模型下脱轨道稳定性之分析比较，指出了进行车辆脱轨的耦合动力学分析必要性。     

Analysis of train derailment after hitting the pier of tongling yangtze river bridge combined road with railwayEI北大核心

Research purposes: Precise prediction for mechanical behavior of the bridge under ship collision force is important to assess the analysis of train derailment after hitting the pier. This paper focuses on the Tongling Yangtze River Bridge Combined Road with Railway for ship collision simulation, uses the nonlinear finite element software of ANSYS/LS-DYNA to simulate the ship's bow section of 10000 t and 5000 t class hitting bridge tower column at front and axle to 20° of side in highest navigable water level, conventional navigable water level and the minimum navigable water level. Curves of collision force-period at different working conditions are summarized. On this basis, when the impact load affects as input loads, the displacement and acceleration response can be used by finite element analysis under the collision and study the dynamic response of the bridge caused by a train derailment risk. Research conclusions: (1) The impact force of the bridge is largest when a laden ship is hitting the pier at the highest navigable water level. In the most unfavorable condition, the collision have lardge impact on bridge structure and derailment risk of trains. (2) The transverse acceleration of the girder on the top of 2# pier can reach to 0.922 m/s2, but it does not exceed acceleration excitation limit (1 m/s2) when 3# piers are hitted by the 10000 t ship at the peak load of collision, so the probability of train derailment is minimal. (3) Based on the probability formula of the derailment by simplifying risk criteria, the derailment probability of train is 9×10-5~1.5×10-4 during the ship-bridge collision. (4) The research results can provide the reference for train traffic safety on railway bridge caused by ship collisions.     

实心车轴单轮对的脱轨试验与数字仿真

从轮轨关系的角度介绍实心车轴单轮对脱轨的研究现状及脱轨的数字仿真分析。在准静态条件下,在全尺滚动试验台上进行了试验,研究了轮对冲角以及作用于爬轨侧轮缘和非爬轨侧轮缘上的垂向载荷的比率等参数对试验结果的影响。本文在试验结果的基础上,分析了现有的一些评判脱轨的准则,并提出了2个新的评判准则。建立了一个基于爬轨过程的轮轨接触数学模型,并利用数字仿真结果与实测试验的结果对比,验证了该模型的正确性。     

HX_D3B型机车动力学试验问题的分析及解决方案

针对HXD3B型机车动力学试验中出现脱轨系数和轮轴横向力超标的问题进行判断与分析,认为与二系钢簧挠度过小有关,导致机车在试验中机车动力学性能对车钩力较为敏感;通过动力学计算分析,提出了机车自稳钩力评价的办法,通过改进弹簧设计解决出现的问题。     

列车-轨道(桥梁)系统横向振动稳定性分析

论证列车脱轨力学机理是列车-轨道(桥梁)系统横向振动丧失稳定。基于系统运动稳定性能量增量分析方法,提出列车-轨道(桥梁)系统横向振动稳定性分析的能量增量判别准则:当列车-轨道(桥梁)系统横向振动极限抗力做功增量大于系统横向振动最大输入能量增量时,横向振动状态稳定;反之,系统横向振动状态不稳定;二者相等时,横向振动状态处于失稳临界状态。基于上述准则,提出系统横向振动失稳临界车速与容许极限车速分析方法,并结合实例证明方法的可行性。采用上述方法得到高速铁路板式无砟轨道列车失稳临界车速为607.5km/h,容许极限车速为486km/h,证明我国高速铁路运行安全度较高。