船舶液压起重机延迟反馈吊重消摆控制

由于操纵和工作环境的变化,起重机的吊重在工作过程中会产生摆动,这种摆动降低了起重机的工作效率和安全性能。文章以集美大学轮机工程实验中心船舶液压起重机为研究对象,采用机电液仿真建模技术及拉格朗日方程,在MATLAB Simulink仿真软件平台上,建立起重机操作液压系统及吊重摆动模型,采用与试验数据对比的方法对所建立的模型进行验证。设计基于吊重摆动位置延迟反馈的控制器,通过将延迟反馈信号叠加到操作信号上的方法实现吊重的消摆控制。结果表明,在各种操作情况下,延迟反馈控制器均能很好地抑制吊重的摆动。     

直接优化解析姿态确定方法

基于惯性系的姿态确定方法是近阶段关于动基座姿态确定问题的热点研究方向,分析了惯性系姿态确定方法的误差源产生机理,发现传统的惯性系首先解析出起始姿态阵,继而通过惯性器件量测输出,更新至当前姿态完成姿态确定,这一更新过程不仅加大了计算量,同时会重新引入器件误差和系统误差。因此,针对这一问题提出了一种基于惯性系的瞬时姿态阵解析姿态确定方法。该方法直接解析出当前时刻的姿态阵,避免姿态更新过程中引入误差,充分发挥了优化解析法的优势,对准精度得到大大提高,并利用仿真和实测数据验证了算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于指数函数非线性反馈的船舶航向保持控制

为研究船舶航向保持控制问题,本文以“育鹏”轮为研究对象,建立了其非线性Nomoto船舶模型,设计了基于闭环增益成形算法的指数函数非线性反馈控制器,并以“育鹏”轮的非线性模型为被控制对象,用Matlab的Simulink工具箱进行系统仿真研究。系统仿真结果表明,建立的非线性Nomoto数学模型精度良好,设计的控制器进行船舶航向保持控制时效果优异,并且更节能。使用这种方法设计的控制器,可以很好地进行船舶航向保持控制,对今后的船舶运动仿真和控制器的设计具有重要意义。     

智能船舶集成设计技术

针对符合CCS《智能船舶规范》入级符号的船舶设计开发,研究分析智能船舶集成设计技术的设计思想、设计要素、设计框架和关键技术,设计目标船解决方案,并讨论了未来需要突破技术方向。     

潮流泥沙数值模拟在潍坊港规划中的应用

将潮流泥沙数学模型应用于潍坊港总体规划方案比选研究。采用MIKE21软件建立潍坊港二维潮流泥沙数学模型,对总体规划的各项方案进行水流、地形冲淤、航道回淤等方面的数值计算,并进行方案间的比较分析。研究结果表明,各方案工程实施后流场无明显差别,周边地形冲淤变化不大且差别较小;航道回淤是该区域规划方案选择的关键因素,整体发展方案明显优于分离式方案;经多方面考虑离岸岛堤式方案尚不可行。     

宁波-舟山港梅山港区滚装及杂货码头工程设计要点

宁波-舟山港梅山港区滚装及杂货码头工程拟建位置建设条件复杂。采用理论计算和模型试验等方法,对项目选址、码头轴线方位的确定、码头前沿顶高程的确定及水工结构设计等关键技术进行研究,得出的结论可供类似工程参考。     

船舶螺旋桨作用下直立式码头的护底流速计算

针对船舶螺旋桨对直立式码头的护底冲刷作用愈来愈严重,而我国的港口工程规范中缺乏该类设计的计算的问题,进行了螺旋桨作用下直立式码头的护底流速研究。采用国外各类规范以及相关文献的计算方法,以正在实施的科特迪瓦阿比让扩建项目一期工程为例,对比总结出直立式码头底部的护底冲刷流速的荷兰计算方法和德国计算方法,给直立式码头结构的护底设计提供依据。     

增大泥泵最大球形通道的方案

增大泥泵最大球形通道可以提升疏浚工程连续性,减少堵泵的风险,提高疏浚施工效率。泥泵最大球形通道和泥泵效率是泥泵设计中的矛盾点。针对上述问题通过调研提出了两种增大泥泵最大球形通道方案,采用数值模拟方法计算了3种方案的泥泵内部流场。通过对数值模拟结果的统计分析,对比3种方案泥泵的性能。确定了增大泥泵最大球形通道叶轮设计方案,为后续泥泵改造提供基础。     

Incorporating the extended theory of planned behavior in a school travel mode choice model: a case study of Shaoxing,China

Travel to and from school can have social, economic, and environmental implications for students and their parents. Therefore, understanding school travel mode choice behavior is essential to find policy-oriented approaches to optimizing school travel mode share. Recent research suggests that psychological factors of parents play a significant role in school travel mode choice behavior and the Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model has been used to test the effect of psychological constructs on mode choice behavior. However, little research has used a systematic framework of behavioral theory to organize these psychological factors and investigate their internal relationships. This paper proposes an extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB) to delve into the psychological factors caused by the effects of adults’ cognition and behavioral habits and explores the factors’ relationship paradigm. A theoretical framework of travel mode choice behavior for students in China is constructed. We established the MIMIC model that accommodates latent variables from ETPB. We found that not all the psychological latent variables have significant effects on school travel mode choice behavior, but habit can play an essential role. The results provide theoretical support for demand policies for school travel.     

A Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy with multiclass network equilibria

This paper extends the work on Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy for general road networks by considering heterogeneous users with different values of time. Mathematical programming models are proposed to find a multiclass Pareto-improving pure road space rationing scheme (MPI-PR) and multiclass hybrid rationing and pricing schemes (MHPI and MHPI-S). A numerical example with a multimodal network is provided for comparing both the efficiency and equity of the three proposed policies. We discover that MHPI-S can achieve the largest reduction in total system delay, MHPI can induce the least spatial inequity and MHPI-S is a progressive policy which is appealing to policy makers. Furthermore, numerical results reveal that different classes of users react differently to the same hybrid policies and multiclass Pareto-improving hybrid schemes yield less delay reduction when compared to their single-class counterparts.