江西省科技人才发展的现状、困境与优化对策

近些年来,我国科技人才工作受到党中央的高度重视,科技人才规模不断扩大、人才素质逐步提升,在推动科技事业的有序发展起着重要的促进作用。文章深入分析江西省科技人才发展的现状,并对当前江西省科技人才发展的困境进行有效地剖析,最后提出相应的优化措施,这无疑对更好地保障江西省科技人才持续稳步发展,为把江西省早日建设成创新型省份具有重要的启示意义。     

The changes of neuronal activity of the zone incerta in a rodent model of Parkinson＇s disease

Objective To study the changes in neuronal activity of the zone incerta (ZI) following the unilateral lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway. Methods Eiectrophysiological recordings of ZI neurons were made in normal rats and in two groups of rats at different time intervals after injection of 6-hydrodopamine (6-OHDA) into the pars compacta of snbstantia nigra by extracellular recording in vivo. Results The results showed a significant increase in the mean firing rate of ZI during the second and fourth weeks after 6-OHDA lesion [-n=32, (3.6±2. 2)Hz, P<0.001; n=35, (9.3±6.6)Hz, P<0. 001, respectively] compared to that of normal rats [n=39, (9.2±5.2)Hz]. However, no significant change was observed between two groups of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. With regard to firing pattern, 7.7%(3/39) of ZI neurons discharged regularly, 82.1% (32/39) irregularly and 10. 3% (4/39) in bursts in normal rats. During the second week after 6-OHDA lesion, the regular, irregular and bursting firing neurons recorded in the ZI were 9.4% (3/32), 59. 4% (19/32) and 31.3% (10/32), and during fourth week, the regular, irregular and bursting firing neurons were 14.3% (5/35), 57.1% (20/35) and 28. 6% (10/35), respectively. The firing pattern of the neurons in the three different groups did not change significantly. Conclusion These results suggest that the firing rate of ZI neurons in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats is increased significantly, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.     

京福高速公路徐州绕城西段煤矿采空区处治研究

京福高速公路徐州绕城西段穿越徐州市北部和西部,要通过富水倾斜的复杂煤矿采空区,经过采用注浆立填法进行处治取得了成功,可为今后类似复杂采空区处理的勘察设计和治理工程提供技术借鉴和指导作用。     

后张法预应力桥梁锚固区的拉压杆设计方法

介绍了应用拉压杆模型进行后张法预应力桥梁锚固区设计的具体方法及试验研究情况,提出了一些建议,有关经验可供相关专业人员参考。     

汕头市苏埃通道工程海域段平纵横方案研究

为有效解决汕头市苏埃通道工程遇到的海底硬岩、孤石群及高烈度抗震等技术难题,从海底隧道横断面、平面及纵断面方案进行研究。主要研究和结论如下： 1）对两管方案与三管方案进行比较,在海底硬岩处理方面,2种方案施工风险无本质区别,但两管方案可利用车道板下空间解决消防防灾问题、取消隧道联络通道设置、降低施工及抗震风险,优于三管方案; 2）从抗震、工程造价、结构受力及隧道运维等方面进行研究,发现盾构管片采用单层预制结构优于管片内置二次衬砌结构; 3）隧道平面方案需摸清海底硬岩及孤石群分布范围,结合码头、港池及锚地等控制因素综合确定; 4）隧道纵断面方案的确定,需充分考虑海底硬岩、孤石分布规律以及最小覆土、主航道规划标高、港池范围等控制因素,避开硬岩及孤石群,以减小隧道修建难度和风险。     

动力定位系统舵桨组合推力分配研究

\t  目的   \t为提高不同海况下半潜式平台的定位能力,针对其动力定位系统提出3种基于遗传算法的最优推力分配模式。\t  方法   \t首先,通过分析目标函数中不同项对系统功率、推进器磨损及推力误差的影响,确定推力角和松弛矩阵的权值系数;然后,提出一种限选法来降低推力损失,并采用设置上游推进器禁止进入推力禁区的方法来避免推进器之间的水动力干涉;最后,针对复杂多变海况下的推力分配问题,使用提出的3种推力分配策略进行仿真模拟。\t  结果   \t结果表明,限选法能够有效降低系统的能耗、推进器磨损和推力误差;提出的推力分配策略在复杂海况下有效。\t  结论   \t所提方法及策略能在一定程度为动力定位系统的设计提供思路和参考。     

断层破碎带隧道衬砌静力稳定性分析

结合一实际工程,选取包括断层破碎带和断层影响带在内的沿隧道纵向300m的计算区域,用八节点六面块体单元将计算区域离散化,采用三维弹塑性静力有限元法模拟分析隧道各个施工阶段,以及建成后围岩和衬砌的受力与变形状态。通过分析比较可知:(1)断层破碎带处的坑道变形和围岩塑性区均明显比非断层破碎带处要大;(2)由于断层破碎带的影响,初期支护、二次衬砌内力的增加幅度约为10%～30%。     

Theory of safety surrogates using vehicle trajectories in macroscopic and microscopic settings: Application to dynamic message signs controlled traffic at work zones

This paper presents a new mathematical framework for obtaining quantitative safety measure using macroscopic as well as microscopic traffic data. The safety surrogate obtained from the macroscopic data is in terms of analysis performed on vehicle trajectories obtained from the macroscopic data. This method of obtaining safety measure can be used for many different types of applications. The safety surrogate for the traffic dynamics are developed in terms of a new concept of Negative Speed Differentials (NSD) that involve a convolution of vehicle speed function obtained from vehicle trajectories and then performing the integration of the square of the output for its negative values. The framework is applicable to microscopic traffic dynamics as well where we can use car following models for microscopic dynamics or the LWR model for macroscopic dynamics. This paper then presents the use of this new safety surrogate on the development of a feedback control law for controlling traffic in work zones using Dynamic Message Signs. A hybrid dynamics model is used to represent the switching dynamics due to changing DMS messages. A feedback control design for choosing those messages is presented as well as a simple simulation example to show its application.     

Variable speed limit control for severe non-recurrent freeway bottlenecks

Variable speed limit (VSL) schemes are developed based on the Kinematic Wave theory to increase discharge rates at severe freeway bottlenecks induced by non-recurrent road events such as incidents or work zones while smoothing speed transition. The main control principle is to restrict upstream demand (in free-flow) progressively to achieve three important objectives: (i) to provide gradual speed transition at the tail of an event-induced queue, (ii) to clear the queue around the bottleneck, and (iii) to discharge traffic at the stable maximum flow that can be sustained at the bottleneck without breakdown. These control objectives are accomplished without imposing overly restrictive speed limits. We further provide remedies for (a) underutilized bottleneck capacity due to underestimated stable maximum flow and (b) a re-emergent queue at the bottleneck due to an overestimated stable maximum flow. We analytically formulate the reductions in total delay in terms of control parameters to provide an insight into the system performance and sensitivity. The results from the parameter analysis suggest that significant delay savings can be realized with the proposed VSL control strategies.     

基于分区定位的电路故障诊断新方法

本文提出了基于分区定位的电路故障诊断新方法,该方法根据电路的具体特点,通过计算机模拟仿真,提取电路在各种故障状态下的电路特征,由这些特征处理得到分步实施的测试点和测试区域,以实现故障定位。此方法故障测试点少且选择灵活,适用于有较多元件的大中规模的模拟电路。