Remaining fatigue life assessment of corroded mooring chains using crack growth modelling

Failures caused by the combined actions of fatigue, corrosion and wear are important safety concerns for mooring chains used on floating structures in the oil and gas industry. Prediction of remaining corrosion fatigue life based on surface condition could therefore be a useful tool for the continued safe operation of corroded chains. This paper investigates the use of crack growth modelling for estimating the remaining corrosion fatigue life of mooring chains that exhibit significant pitting corrosion damage. A crack growth modelling approach is used to produce remaining fatigue life estimates for a selection of severely pitted mooring chains. Using fatigue crack growth rate test results for grade R4 high strength mooring chain steel, empirical crack growth laws are presented for free corrosion and cathodic protection conditions at load ratio R = 0.1. Two different methods for establishing equivalent cracks from surface scans of corrosion damage are presented. The mooring chains are proof loaded as part of their manufacturing process. Residual stresses introduced during this process have therefore been determined by finite element analysis and accounted for in the fatigue crack growth predictions. One of the equivalent crack models, accounting for the single dominant corrosion pit, provided quite accurate fatigue life predictions when compared with full scale test results.     

Analysis of S–N data for new and corroded mooring chains at varying mean load levels using a hierarchical linear model

Results from full scale fatigue tests of offshore mooring chains are analyzed. The data set includes new and used chains, tested at a variety of mean load levels. The used chains have been retrieved after operation offshore and include samples with varying surface conditions, ranging from as-new to heavily corroded. Based on a parameterized S–N curve intercept parameter, the effects of mean load and chain condition are estimated empirically by regression analysis. A hierarchical linear model is used, to account for and quantify correlations within subsets of the data. The choice of grouping criterion for the hierarchical model is discussed, and assessed based on the current data. Results show that the mean load and corrosion effects are both significant. Differences in the fatigue performance of new versus used chains are quantified and discussed.     

锚链多体系统最优化求解方法及其对比分析

为了在不添加额外方程或判断条件的情况下，求解锚链多体系统悬链和卧链共存的状态，提出利用最优化原理描述静态锚链多体系统的状态方程，即最小势能方程，并与传统的悬链线方程和多体系统一般力学方程进行对比分析。结果表明，该方法不需要进行复杂的受力分析，形式简单且物理意义明确。数值计算结果与传统方法在计算悬链时是一致的，且可在统一的框架下计算悬链和卧链同时存在的状态。     

极地物探船冰载荷有限元计算方法

采用LS-DYNA有限元软件建立极地物探船的船-水域-海冰有限元模型，计算得到该型船在设计破冰厚度和设计航速下的冰载荷量和冰载荷时程曲线，并进一步研究冰体单元尺寸对冰载荷计算结果的影响。研究表明，冰载荷最大值随冰体有限元单元尺寸减小而减小。对比相关冰载荷经验公式计算结果，最终确定合理的冰体单元尺寸。研究结果对极地物探船的结构设计和结构安全性评估具有重要意义。     

车路协同网络中服务功能链可行时长优化映射算法

以车路协同网络为研究对象，针对物理链路间连通时长的差异性，本文提出优化可行时长的服务功能链映射算法。首先，建立车路协同的物理传输网络模型，并分别分析车车链路和车路链路的连通时长；其次，以映射可行时长为优化目标，以服务功能链的映射规则为约束，建立整数规划问题；最后，为求解该NP-hard问题，提出基于改进子图同构的映射算法，联合考虑车路协同环境中的节点属性、链路属性及链路间关联关系，设计剪枝策略，从而实现服务链路在物理链路上的组合优化映射。实验结果表明，通过考虑物理链路连通时长的差异性，并对其进行优化选择，提出算法在车间通信距离150m和最大车速60km·h-1 条件下，可将可行时长提升34.4%；同时，在车车通信范围、车辆数以及最大车辆速度这3项主要参数设置中均可验证发现，所提算法可有效提升映射可行时长。     

船舶肋骨线型高精度拟合方法

船舶肋骨线型拟合的精度直接影响数控肋骨冷弯机弯制的精度，传统“用单条三次曲线拟合一整根肋骨线型”的方法具有无法严格经过所有给定点、误差分析无依据和未考虑曲率半径等缺陷。为避免这些缺陷，将整根肋骨看成多个分段，每个分段是一个独立的三次曲线，且参数数量正好等于已知数数量，使参数的解静定。针对由考虑曲率半径产生的非线性优化问题，将分段函数的处理从全局坐标系转换到局部坐标系，将分段的待求解参数从4个降维至2个，便于指定参数的初始解。利用坐标变换，将局部坐标系的结果转换回全局坐标系，拟合后的肋骨线型满足：严格经过所有给定点；曲率半径以高精度逼近给定值，误差的数量级为10^-5。