城市燃气管网安全性检测与评价

以北京市二高压线为例,介绍了城市管网安全性的检则和评价方法。对土壤环境性质、防腐层破损程度和管体腐蚀状况进行检测和评价的结果表明:土壤含水量偏高,呈弱碱性,土壤环境腐蚀性综合评价为中等。管线防腐层老化严重,厚度较薄且有破损点,保护性能比较差。管道的部分管体已经遭到破坏,003号探坑处已经不符合强度安全要求;其他探坑处管道在现在的服役条件下,剩余壁厚仍然可以提供足够的强度,但是管体已经发生腐蚀,建议加强检测或采用阴极保护。     

线阵CCD油管螺纹测量系统程序开发

基于线阵CCD的油管外螺纹参数检测系统是一种先进的非接触式工业检测系统,包括硬件和软件两部分。针对该系统的重要组成部分———控制、计算程序的设计和开发进行了详细的阐述。该程序的开发基于Windows 2000,开发工具为C Builder 6.0,包括数据采集与存储、滤波、边界点选取、参数计算等多个模块。程序功能完整,界面友好,控制精确,计算结果能够满足测量系统的精度要求。     

原油管线在线等质量取样系统设计及实现

为了有效解决原油长输管线反复出现的原油途耗异常问题,通过对原油油种、工艺条件和原油输送方式等的分析,设计了等质量流量比例采样系统,由该系统实现原油管线在线自动取样.系统投用后,实现了实时对量,及时发现损耗异常情况,有效控制了原油途耗不稳定的问题.采用等质量流量比例采样模式,较好地解决了多油种、边收边付、多种输送方式以及流量范围宽等不利因素影响计量的问题,具有较好的参考和推广价值.     

Soil Body Deformation Caused by Construction of a Double-Line Shield Tunnel with Multiple Factors北大核心CSCD

Considering the influence of many factors (soil loss, frontal additional thrust, the friction force of the shield shell and the additional grouting force), a method for improving the uniform soil body movement model is pro-posed, and a mechanical calculation model is established to study the calculation method for soil body deformation caused by double-line parallel shield driving. Based on the Mindlin solutions of elastic mechanics, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by the last three factors are calculated; considering the uniform soil body movement model, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by soil loss are calculated, then the to-tal theoretical solutions for soil body deformations under multiple factors are obtained by means of superposition. The vertical surface settlement, vertical horizontal displacement, and vertical displacements of the soil body at different depths of Hangzhou Metro Line 1 are calculated to analyze the variation laws. Meanwhile the influential factors for horizontal displacement variation are studied. The research shows that with a change of depth, the settlement of the soil body changes within the scope of 10 to 13 m in the horizontal direction near where the maximum settlement occurs;the direction of the horizontal displacement of the soil body changes with a change of the positional relationship be-tween the calculation points and the tunnel; and with an increase of interval J for the two tunnels, the horizontal dis-placement of the soil body of a deep double-line tunnel decreases while the displacement near the surface changes slightly. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Real time queue length estimation for signalized intersections using travel times from mobile sensors

We study how to estimate real time queue lengths at signalized intersections using intersection travel times collected from mobile traffic sensors. The estimation is based on the observation that critical pattern changes of intersection travel times or delays, such as the discontinuities (i.e., sudden and dramatic increases in travel times) and non-smoothness (i.e., changes of slopes of travel times), indicate signal timing or queue length changes. By detecting these critical points in intersection travel times or delays, the real time queue length can be re-constructed. We first introduce the concept of Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time which is related to the non-smoothness of queuing delay patterns and queue length changes. We then show how measured intersection travel times from mobile sensors can be processed to generate sample vehicle queuing delays. Under the uniform arrival assumption, the queuing delays reduce linearly within a cycle. The delay pattern can be estimated by a linear fitting method using sample queuing delays. Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time can then be obtained from the delay pattern, and be used to estimate the maximum and minimum queue lengths of a cycle, based on which the real-time queue length curve can also be constructed. The model and algorithm are tested in a field experiment and in simulation.     

水下隧道合理覆盖层厚度的有限元模拟研究

水下隧道覆盖层厚度目前基本上是凭经验确定的,采用不同的经验公式得到的计算结果差异很大。文章针对目前情况提出了采用有限元的求解方法,并结合公路隧道施工规范,模拟了拟建的重庆朝天门两江隧道在不同隧道覆盖层厚度时的拱顶位移和拉应力的分布及大小。通过与标准隧道的比较,得出了该隧道的合理覆盖层厚度,对同类工程有一定的参考价值。     

基于数码摄影技术的隧道围岩变形非接触量测方法研究

基于数码摄影技术的隧道围岩变形非接触量测法是一种与传统测量完全不同的新方法,具有设备简单、不干扰施工、自动化程度高等特点,能更好地满足现在长大隧道各种技术要求。文章对数码摄影测量技术原理及其实现过程进行了比较全面的研究,并对现场试验获取的测量数据加以分析,得到了较好的结论。该方法为地下工程量测技术开辟了一条新的途径。     

三边长后方交会在精密测量工程中的应用

文章以广西贵港西江航运建设二期工程船闸安全监测项目为例,介绍了三边长后方交会法的基本原理,推导出三边长后方交会法的坐标计算、平差公式等,分析了其误差来源和控制措施,论证了三边长后方交会在精密测量工程中的可行性与优越性。     

不良地质公路隧道施工围岩稳定性数值模拟分析

文章结合始祖山公路隧道工程,采用数值模拟方法对该隧道施工全过程进行分析,并结合现场监测数据对模拟结果进行比较。结果表明：数值模拟结果与现场监测数据相近,具有较高的可靠性,通过数值模拟可以有效的反映隧道开挖施工过程中围岩的变形情况以及可能出现的危险情况,对隧道的施工有一定的指导意义。     

高速公路路堤下暗挖隧洞施工引起的路基沉降实例分析

在高速公路路堤下进行暗挖隧洞施工将不可避免地对围岩产生扰动,从而引起地层位移和路基沉降,过大的路基沉降将影响高速公路的正常运营,因此分析和控制路基沉降是高速公路路堤下隧洞设计与施工的难点和重点.以黔东火电厂排洪及供水隧洞为实例,采用FLAC3D软件分析了隧洞施工对高速公路路基沉降的影响特点.计算结果表明,加强超前支护是控制地层位移和路基沉降的有效手段,采用大管棚及超前小导管注浆技术能有效控制路基沉降并保证高速公路正常运营.在隧洞施工过程中对路基沉降进行了详细监测,监测结果表明隧洞开挖对高速公路路基有一定扰动,但对高速公路正常运营基本无影响.