线阵CCD油管螺纹测量系统程序开发

基于线阵CCD的油管外螺纹参数检测系统是一种先进的非接触式工业检测系统,包括硬件和软件两部分。针对该系统的重要组成部分———控制、计算程序的设计和开发进行了详细的阐述。该程序的开发基于Windows 2000,开发工具为C Builder 6.0,包括数据采集与存储、滤波、边界点选取、参数计算等多个模块。程序功能完整,界面友好,控制精确,计算结果能够满足测量系统的精度要求。     

基于数码摄影技术的隧道围岩变形非接触量测方法研究

基于数码摄影技术的隧道围岩变形非接触量测法是一种与传统测量完全不同的新方法,具有设备简单、不干扰施工、自动化程度高等特点,能更好地满足现在长大隧道各种技术要求。文章对数码摄影测量技术原理及其实现过程进行了比较全面的研究,并对现场试验获取的测量数据加以分析,得到了较好的结论。该方法为地下工程量测技术开辟了一条新的途径。     

Real time queue length estimation for signalized intersections using travel times from mobile sensors

We study how to estimate real time queue lengths at signalized intersections using intersection travel times collected from mobile traffic sensors. The estimation is based on the observation that critical pattern changes of intersection travel times or delays, such as the discontinuities (i.e., sudden and dramatic increases in travel times) and non-smoothness (i.e., changes of slopes of travel times), indicate signal timing or queue length changes. By detecting these critical points in intersection travel times or delays, the real time queue length can be re-constructed. We first introduce the concept of Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time which is related to the non-smoothness of queuing delay patterns and queue length changes. We then show how measured intersection travel times from mobile sensors can be processed to generate sample vehicle queuing delays. Under the uniform arrival assumption, the queuing delays reduce linearly within a cycle. The delay pattern can be estimated by a linear fitting method using sample queuing delays. Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time can then be obtained from the delay pattern, and be used to estimate the maximum and minimum queue lengths of a cycle, based on which the real-time queue length curve can also be constructed. The model and algorithm are tested in a field experiment and in simulation.     

Measurement biases in panel data

The objective of this paper is to examine reporting errors in panel data obtained from multi-day travel diaries. A distinction is made between within and between wave biases. The former leads to an increase in under-reporting associated with the number of days the diary is kept. The latter is related to the number of waves respondents have been participating, so-called panel experience. These biases imply that observed mobility changes between waves are partly due to reporting errors: without controlling for them, changes in mobility can not be inferred from the data. An important cause of these measurement errors is the increase in the number of days on which no trips at all were reported. In addition, shorter trips and less complex chains are more susceptible to underreporting. The methodology used in this paper provides a means of dealing with these problems. Attrition is taken into account by a rather simple measure. The paper concludes with a number of suggestions for sample and survey design.     

大跨度系杆拱桥柔性吊杆张力监测和参数识别研究

研究了基于弦振动理论应用频率法进行大跨度系杆拱桥柔性吊杆张力测试的基本方法,尤其是对影响频率法测定吊杆张力精度的若干参数,如吊杆的边界条件、减振阻尼器及有效计算长度等进行了较理想的识别。文中推导了张力测试的实用公式,并通过现场张力标定,对上述若干参数进行有效识别,提高了张力测试精度并减少了识别工作量。实测结果表明,根据文中提供的参数识别方法进行参数识别后所得到的吊杆张力计算值大部分具有较高的监测精度,可以满足施工和运营期间监测吊杆张力的需要。     

提高斜拉索索力估算精度的一种新方法

根据斜拉桥拉索振动的特点,建立了考虑垂度及斜度影响的振动微分方程,并利用奇异摄动解法进行求解。不仅考虑了索的刚度,而且将索的边界条件假定为简支和固支耦合的情况,在此基础上提出了频率法的索力计算实用公式。分析比较了目前国内外的其他主要计算公式,结果表明该公式具有高精度和计算方便的特点。将该实用计算公式用于南京长江三桥施工控制中,通过对实际斜拉索测试得到的各阶频率进行计算,并与设计索力和压力传感器得到的索力进行对比分析。计算表明该公式能够满足实际工程的需要,可广泛适用于频率法测估各种索类结构的内力。     

公路照明测量技术

分析了公路照明质量对公路交通安全的影响,根据公路照明条件下的路面平均亮度、路面亮度总均匀度和路面亮度纵向均匀度与路面显示能力的关系,得出影响交通安全的公路照明技术指标及质量评价要求。根据公路照明的特点和驾驶行为学的统计结果,分析了公路照明测量对亮度测量仪器的特殊要求、公路照明测量范围限制和亮度测量点位及亮度观察点的选择方法与设置要求。将亮度测量数据按照相应的方法和公式进行计算,分别得出路面平均亮度、路面亮度总均匀度和路面亮度纵向均匀度评价指标的最终结果。总结了公路照明测量技术对公路照明设计、公路照明工程以及公路照明设施养护的重要意义。     

旧沥青混合料厂拌热再生在国内的使用现状

介绍了旧沥青混合料厂拌热再生设备的特点及使用情况,指出该设备在使用中的主要问题是旧沥青回收料的加热控制及废气处理、旧沥青回收料的计量、再生沥青混合料的拌和及回收料加热与输送中的粘附现象.     

超声波测距传感器及其在自动调平系统中的应用

详细介绍了超声波测距传感器的测距原理及其测试精度的影响因素 ,分析了它在自动调平系统应用中的结构形式和提高控制精度的注意事项     

内燃机瞬时转速测量及其误差研究

论述了测量内燃机瞬时转速的PC仪器的工作原理 ,构成及其应用实例 ,并对磁电式转速测量系统固有的测量误差进行了详细分析研究。