Evaluation of a cellular phone-based system for measurements of traffic speeds and travel times: A case study from Israel

The purpose of this paper is to examine the performance of a new operational system for measuring traffic speeds and travel times which is based on information from a cellular phone service provider. Cellular measurements are compared with those obtained by dual magnetic loop detectors. The comparison uses data for a busy 14 km freeway with 10 interchanges, in both directions, during January–March of 2005. The dataset contains 1 284 587 valid loop detector speed measurements and 440 331 valid measurements from the cellular system, each measurement referring to a 5 min interval. During one week in this period, 25 floating car measurements were conducted as additional comparison observations. The analyses include visual, graphical, and statistical techniques; focusing in particular on comparisons of speed patterns in the time–space domain. The main finding is that there is a good match between the two measurement methods, indicating that the cellular phone-based system can be useful for various practical applications such as advanced traveler information systems and evaluating system performance for modeling and planning.     

提高电喷汽油机燃油消耗率测量精度的研究

分析了电喷汽油机燃油消耗率测量的影响因素,介绍了一种通过改进测量装置来提高电喷汽油机燃油消耗率测量精度的方法。运行结果表明,对该油耗仪的改进使测量精度有了很大提高,且重复性能好。     

大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥施工门式膺架的抗风性能研究

为了准确了解生米大桥施工门式膺架在施工中的抗风性能,长安大学风洞实验室对其进行风洞试验。对风洞试验得到的门式膺架的位移响应结果进行详细分析,得出该门式膺架在施工中不会出现动力不稳定和负载（门式膺架下吊上拱肋）时的位移比空载时大等结论,为类似工程问题提供参考。     

静风荷载作用下桥梁施工大型门式膺架力学分析

以南昌生米大桥施工中60m高的门式膺架为算例,利用大型有限元程序ANSYS8．1对其进行力学分析,计算在风荷载标准值作用下的顺风向位移和稳定安全系数,并给出门式膺架的条件极限风速,得出该门式膺架在施工中位移没有超过允许值和不会发生失稳的结论,为类似工程问题提供参考。     

内燃机瞬时转速测量及其误差研究

论述了测量内燃机瞬时转速的PC仪器的工作原理 ,构成及其应用实例 ,并对磁电式转速测量系统固有的测量误差进行了详细分析研究。     

车用柴油机微粒排放测量的稀释取样系统

介绍了目前国内外用于柴油机排气微粒 (PM)测试的稀释取样系统的工作原理 ,并对其优缺点进行了比较。全流稀释取样系统费用高 ,但能满足世界各国排放法规的要求 ,能对PM排放进行精确测量 ;部分流稀释取样系统投资小、应用广泛     

用于研究柴油机进气涡流的水模拟测试系统

主要介绍了一个针对 115 0G单缸柴油机进气道结构的进气涡流水模拟装置和一套用于测量二维流场的激光粒子速度场仪 (PIV) ,用它们来测量旋流器在气缸内产生的涡流流场 ,目的是为研究旋流器在气缸内产生涡流的能力和涡流在缸内的发展情况。其中旋流器是作者设计的一种用于 4气门、短直气道发动机产生进气涡流的装置。     

Dynamics of the railway track and the underlying soil: the boundary-element solution, theoretical results and their experimental verification

A combined finite-element boundary-element method is presented in detail to calculate the dynamic interaction of the railway track and the underlying soil. A number of results are shown for ballasted and slab track, demonstrating the influence of the stiffness of the soil and the rail pads on the vertical compliance of the track. The compliance of the track is combined with a simple model of the vehicle giving the transfer function of vehicle-track interaction. An experimental verification of the theoretical results is achieved by harmonic and impulse excitation with and without static (train-) load and by combined measurements of train-track-soil interaction. A clear vehicle-track resonance is found for the slab track with elastic rail pads and for higher frequencies at highspeed traffic, the dynamic axle loads due to sleeper passage are reduced.     

轻型汽油车N_2O排放特性研究

选择1辆满足国Ⅴ排放标准的轻型汽油车作为试验样车,应用全流稀释排放测试系统在FTP75和US06测试循环下,对车辆在不同测试工况下的N_2O排放水平、车辆N_2O排放的影响因素以及N_2O排放随着车辆里程增加的劣化情况进行了研究。研究结果表明:FTP75循环下的N_2O排放结果高于US06循环,前者是后者的4倍左右;在冷起动阶段,由于催化剂没有达到正常的工作温度,车辆会产生较多的N_2O排放,且随着燃油硫含量的增加,车辆的N_2O排放呈现上升的趋势;随着车辆里程的不断增加,车辆的N_2O排放存在一定程度的劣化。     

人工关节磨损测量方法综述

人工关节的磨损问题是制约我国人工关节矫形术全面开展的重要因素之一,而磨损的检测和分析技术是评价磨损的手段。随着新技术、新材料等的发展,对人工关节磨损的检测提出新的要求,其中越来越迫切需要精确实现人工关节微量磨损的数字化检测、分析和表征。文章论述了目前国内外主要测量方法,分析了各自的特点和优点,这对于人工关节磨损的测量及其研究具有参考价值。