双自由度舵机执行机构冲击载荷的仿真分析

超高速水下航行体航行过程中工况复杂,在加速段速度跨度大,双自由度舵机执行机构承受了较大的瞬态冲击载荷,有必要对其韧性进行分析校核。本文分别建立旋转机构输出轴、减速箱体和展开机构最后一级齿轮副的多刚体动力学仿真模型,分析各机构在冲击载荷下的应力和变形情况,校核结构韧性的可靠性,同时对旋转机构输出轴进行模态分析。仿真与校核结果为机构优化设计提供参考依据。     

大型双壁钢围堰气囊法下水施工技术及经济分析

大型双壁钢围堰体积和质量大,其下水作业难度较大。气囊法下水施工技术能很好地解决这一难题,具有简便易行、经济实用的特点。此文以南京大胜关长江大桥主墩基础工程为例,介绍深水基础大型双壁钢围堰气囊下水施工技术的特点及其相应的控制技术和手段,对施工的具体工艺流程和操作步骤进行详细的阐述,对工程的施工组织设计和经济性进行深入分析和探讨。     

马达和油缸双驱动急加速性能分析与仿真

提出了一种新颖的以马达和油缸双驱动车辆急加速的驱动方式。以某国产连续式捣固车工作小车行走为例,分析了此加速方式的工作原理、主要性能和可能存在的局限性。针对在运行中作业小车驱动马达频繁断轴的现象,进行系统的综合分析和计算,并建立了AMESim仿真模型以对马达轴所受扭矩进行仿真。结果表明:在缩短油缸的作用时间和在油缸入口增加阻尼孔的作用下,有效地防止了马达的启动冲击和功率寄生,在一定程度上提高了马达的寿命,并使此驱动方式的性能得到优化。     

锂离子动力电池在双能源机车上应用的可行性研究

文章介绍锂离子动力蓄电池在轨道交通领域的应用现状,重点研究锂离子蓄电池在新型双能源机车上应用的可行性和关键技术方案,明确了新能源机车研究的重要意义。     

浅析钢筋混凝土双曲拱桥的拆除

本文通过对原淮阴市红卫桥拆除过程进行分析总结 ,初步探索了钢筋混凝土双曲拱桥的拆除工艺和方法     

连续刚构桥双薄壁墩参数优化研究

考虑侧向风压产生扭转及温度变化产生纵向变形的作用，通过对双薄壁墩连续刚构桥的受力分析，探讨了双薄壁墩设计的影响因素，以非线性规划为基础，应用罚函数法对双薄壁墩参数进行优化研究。     

Analytical and simulation approaches to understand combined effects of transit signal priority and road-space priority measures

Transit signal priority (TSP) may be combined with road-space priority (RSP) measures to increase its effectiveness. Previous studies have investigated the combination of TSP and RSP measures, such as TSP with dedicated bus lanes (DBLs) and TSP with queue jump lanes (QJLs). However, in these studies, combined effects are usually not compared with separate effects of each measure. In addition, there is no comprehensive study dedicated to understanding combined effects of TSP and RSP measures. It remains unclear whether combining TSP and RSP measures creates an additive effect where the combined effect of TSP and RSP measures is equal to the sum of their separate effects. The existence of such an additive effect would suggest considerable benefits from combining TSP and RSP measures. This paper explores combined effects of TSP and RSP measures, including TSP with DBLs and TSP with QJLs. Analytical results based on time-space diagrams indicate that at an intersection level, the combined effect on bus delay savings is smaller than the additive effect if there is no nearside bus stop and the traffic condition in the base case is under-saturated or near-saturated. With a near-side bus stop, the combined effect on bus delay savings at an intersection level can be better than the additive effect (or over-additive effect), depending on dwell time, distance from the bus stop to the stop line, traffic demand, and cycle length. In addition, analytical results suggest that at an arterial level, the combined effect on bus delay savings can be the over-additive effect with suitable signal offsets. These results are confirmed by a micro-simulation case study. Combined effects on arterial and side-street traffic delays are also discussed.     

Changes in fuel economy: An analysis of the Spanish car market

This paper estimates the role that technological change and car characteristics have played in the rate of fuel consumption of vehicles over time. Using data from the Spanish car market from 1988 to 2013, we estimate a reduced form equation that relates fuel consumption with a set of car characteristics. The results for the sales-weighted sample of vehicles show that energy efficiency would have improved by 30% and 42% for petrol and diesel cars respectively had car characteristics been held constant at 1988 values. However, the shift to bigger and more fuel-consuming cars reduced the gains from technological progress. Additionally, using the results of the fuel equation we show that, besides a natural growth rate of 1.1%, technological progress is affected by both the international price of oil and the adoption of mandatory emission standards. Moreover, according to our estimations, a 1% growth in GDP would modify car characteristics in such a way that fuel consumption would increase by around 0.23% for petrol cars and 0.35% for diesel cars.     

Through the storm: Transit agency management in response to climate change

The increase in extreme weather events due to climate change poses serious challenges to public transit systems. These events disrupt transit operations, impair service quality, increase threats to public safety, and damage infrastructure. Despite the growing risk of extreme weather and climate change, little is known about how public managers recognize, experience and address these risks. Using data from a national study of public transit agencies we investigate the types of extreme weather events transit agencies are experiencing, the associated risks, and how agencies are preparing for them. We find that while extreme events are commonly experienced by transit agencies across states and transit managers perceive increased risks from these events, most agencies rely on the traditional emergency management approach to address extreme weather ex post rather than taking a proactive approach to mitigating the adverse weather impact on transit assets and infrastructure ex ante. Managers report that a lack of access to financial resources is the greatest challenge for undertaking adaptation and preparation. We conclude with a discussion of what these findings mean for understanding organizational adaptation behavior as well as climate adaptation policy making.     

Green walking networks for climate change adaptation

Climate change (CC) potentially affects people travel behaviour, due to extreme weather conditions. This is particularly true for pedestrians, that are more exposed to weather conditions. Introducing the effect of this change in transport modelling allows to analyse and plan walking networks taking into consideration the climatic variable. The aim of this work is to develop a tool that can support planning and design of walking networks, by assessing the effects of actions oriented to increase resilience with respect to extreme weather conditions (CC adaptation).An integrated approach is used, thus combining transport and land-use planning concepts with elements of outdoor thermal comfort and network accessibility. Walking networks are analysed through centrality indexes, including thermal comfort aspects into a general cost function of links and weighted nodes. The method has been applied to the walking network inside the Campus of the University of Catania (Italy), which includes different functions and where pedestrian paths are barely used by people. Results confirm that this tool is sensitive to the variables representing weather conditions and it can measure the influence of CC adaptation measures (e.g. vegetation) on walking attitude and on the performance of the walking network.