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An effective evacuation of buildings is critical to minimize casualties due to natural or anthropogenic hazards. Building evacuation models help in preparing for future events and shed light on possible shortcomings of current evacuation designs. However, such models are seldom compared or validated with real evacuations, which is a critical step in assessing their predictive capacities. This research focuses on the evacuation of a K-12 (kindergarten to 12th grade) school located within the tsunami inundation zone of Iquique, Chile. An agent-based evacuation model was developed to simulate the evacuation of approximately 1500 children and staff from the school during a global evacuation drill carried out for the entire city. The model simulates the motions of heterogeneous human agents, and the simulations were validated using video analysis of the real event. Resulting error estimations between predicted versus measured flow rates and evacuation times are 13.5% and 5.9%, respectively. The good agreement between the simulated and measured values can be attributed to the known distribution of students and staff at the start of the drill, and their known exposure to emergency preparedness protocols. However, the results presented herein show that this mathematical evacuation model can be used for logistical changes in the emergency planning. 相似文献
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朱金鑫 《武汉船舶职业技术学院学报》2006,5(2):25-27
针对不锈钢微小孔加工的特点,对整个加工过程中主要相关因素进行了分析,总结出了一种较简便的,切实可行的不锈钢微小孔加工方法。 相似文献
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系统地总结广州地铁2号线调整工程、3号线首通段、4号线大学城专线同时开通前的综调演练管理经验,通过对城市轨道交通系统的多线综调演练管理模式的分析和探讨,证明项目集成管理在城市轨道交通大规模综调演练中的应用是可行有效的。 相似文献
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以某自升式钻井平台的钻台结构为计算对象,对其结构强度分析方法进行探讨。以有限元分析软件为手段,按照美国钢结构技术(AISC)规范和美国船级社(ABS)规范中的标准要求,分别校核了钻台在静载工况、作业工况、滑移工况、拖航工况下的结构强度,并对该计算方法进行对比评估,证明计算结果满足工程计算要求。 相似文献
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为解决川藏铁路隧道钻爆法施工机械化设备配套问题,结合隧道9条作业线,针对每条作业线对设备进行分类,从设备性能、结构参数与川藏铁路隧道断面大小、海拔高度、施工效应等方面对国内现行隧道机械化设备进行适宜性评价初探,提出隧道施工9条作业线配套的机械化设备。基于配套设备,初步提出川藏铁路隧道机械化配置模型,将隧道机械化配套划分为3种类型,即低海拔高配型(A)、低海拔低配型(B)、高海拔高配型(C)。A型是以“凿岩台车+混装炸药台车”为代表的机械化配套类型; B型是以“风枪+开挖台架”为代表的机械化配套类型; C型是以“凿岩台车+混装炸药车+高原型挖装设备+电动运渣设备+高原制氧机+移动式免维护空压机”为代表的机械化配套类型。 相似文献
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