关于《钢质内河船舶建造规范》(2009)总纵强度问题的探讨

本文简要阐述了影响船舶总纵强度的主要因素,并对《钢质内河船舶建造规范》（2009）中将船舯剖面处的最小剖面模数表示成型深D的表达形式提出了自己的见解,并指出了总纵弯矩与中剖面最小剖面模数计算公式中的不协调。     

桥梁深水钻孔灌注桩施工技术

随着大型跨海、跨江桥梁的相继建设,桥梁跨度越来越大,对基础的要求也越来越高,超长、大直径的钻孔灌注桩已被广泛应用于大型深水桥梁建设中。结合工程实例,介绍大型桥梁深水钻孔灌注桩施工技术及其施工过程中的关键控制要点。     

Application of new parameterizations of gas transfer velocity and their impact on regional and global marine CO2 budgets

One of the dominant sources of uncertainty in the calculation of air–sea flux of carbon dioxide on a global scale originates from the various parameterizations of the gas transfer velocity, k, that are in use. Whilst it is undisputed that most of these parameterizations have shortcomings and neglect processes which influence air–sea gas exchange and do not scale with wind speed alone, there is no general agreement about their relative accuracy.The most widely used parameterizations are based on non-linear functions of wind speed and, to a lesser extent, on sea surface temperature and salinity. Processes such as surface film damping and whitecapping are known to have an effect on air–sea exchange. More recently published parameterizations use friction velocity, sea surface roughness, and significant wave height. These new parameters can account to some extent for processes such as film damping and whitecapping and could potentially explain the spread of wind-speed based transfer velocities published in the literature.We combine some of the principles of two recently published k parameterizations [Glover, D.M., Frew, N.M., McCue, S.J. and Bock, E.J., 2002. A multiyear time series of global gas transfer velocity from the TOPEX dual frequency, normalized radar backscatter algorithm. In: Donelan, M.A., Drennan, W.M., Saltzman, E.S., and Wanninkhof, R. (Eds.), Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces, Geophys. Monograph 127. AGU,Washington, DC, 325–331; Woolf, D.K., 2005. Parameterization of gas transfer velocities and sea-state dependent wave breaking. Tellus, 57B: 87–94] to calculate k as the sum of a linear function of total mean square slope of the sea surface and a wave breaking parameter. This separates contributions from direct and bubble-mediated gas transfer as suggested by Woolf [Woolf, D.K., 2005. Parameterization of gas transfer velocities and sea-state dependent wave breaking. Tellus, 57B: 87–94] and allows us to quantify contributions from these two processes independently.We then apply our parameterization to a monthly TOPEX altimeter gridded 1.5° × 1.5° data set and compare our results to transfer velocities calculated using the popular wind-based k parameterizations by Wanninkhof [Wanninkhof, R., 1992. Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 97: 7373–7382.] and Wanninkhof and McGillis [Wanninkhof, R. and McGillis, W., 1999. A cubic relationship between air−sea CO2 exchange and wind speed. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26(13): 1889–1892]. We show that despite good agreement of the globally averaged transfer velocities, global and regional fluxes differ by up to 100%. These discrepancies are a result of different spatio-temporal distributions of the processes involved in the parameterizations of k, indicating the importance of wave field parameters and a need for further validation.     

钦州湾湾口填海对茅尾海水交换能力的影响

以溶解态的保守物质作为示踪剂,建立茅尾海水交换平面二维数学模型,采用开边界污染物浓度梯度与内侧一致假定考虑了边界污染物回归,计算分析了钦州湾湾口两侧大范围填海工程对茅尾海纳潮量和水体半交换周期的影响情况。研究表明：龙门海峡通道顺畅是维持茅尾海纳潮量的关键因素,湾口宽度保持9.4 km以上茅尾海内纳潮量和水体半交换周期基本不受湾口填海工程影响。     

一种单片机控制的水温测试系统

由于现代多样的电子控制技术和电子控制理论的迅猛发展,高精度的机械在各类工业控制系统、生产线等方面的需求越来越大.其中以单片机为核心实现的数字控制器,因其体积小、简便易行等优点,而被广泛应用于各行各业.本文将单片机的温度控制系统作为设计核心,通过温度传感器、单片机等软件系统图,并利用软件编程,从而达到实现水温控制的目的....     

渤中稠油乳状液的流变性实验研究

此项研究的目的在于揭示含水率、压力和温度等对稠油乳状液流变特性的影响.实验结果表明,油品乳状液的反相点大约在含水率70%左右,温度对乳状液黏度和流变性影响较为明显,压力对乳状液黏度和流变性影响不大.     

考虑泥沙淤积的三峡水库9月分旬控制水位研究

采用9月分旬蓄水的方式,可以较好地应对三峡水库汛后提前蓄水时特大洪水的可能威胁。但随着水库运用时间的增加,泥沙淤积将造成大量库容损失,9月分旬控制水位确定时必须要考虑泥沙淤积的影响。本文通过水库泥沙淤积计算,考虑了泥沙淤积造成的库容损失,对三峡水库9月分旬控制水位进行了深入研究。结果表明,与不考虑泥沙淤积情况下的控制水位相比,考虑泥沙淤积的9月分旬控制水位进一步降低了可能的防洪风险,同时,虽然水库发电效益也略有减小,但影响不大。     

磁悬式水位计在工程上的初步应用

简要介绍测量地下水位常用的几种水位计的工作原理及使用性能。并在双触点式和浮漂式水位计的基础上进行技术改造,开发出磁悬浮式水位计,这种水位计不仅工作性能大大改善,而且经济简便,更适合工程勘察使用。     

高真空击密法油罐地基处理应用研究

针对上海某油罐地基地质情况与处理要求进行了各种方案分析与比选,在此基础上给出了高真空击密 充水预压的设计方案,对高真空击密法处理效果进行了静力触探试验检测,结果显示地表下3.0 m厚度内粉质粘土与粘质粉土加固效果比较明显,满足了第一步处理要求;而随后的充水预压将地基承载力进一步提高到设计要求。该工程表明高真空击密法与充水预压对于油罐地基处理有一定的优势与便利性。     

沥青路面多孔混凝土排水基层施工技术分析

水侵害是造成沥青路面早期破坏的主要因素之一。多孔混凝土是一种性能良好的新型道路基层材料,相应的多孔混凝土排水基层沥青路面是一种新型的路面结构。对多孔混凝土排水基层的施工技术及注意事项进行研究和分析,为该项施工技术的推广应用提供参考经验。