Assessment of the influence of the elastic properties of rail vehicle suspensions on safety,ride quality and track fatigue

A sensitivity analysis has been performed to assess the influence of the elastic properties of railway vehicle suspensions on the vehicle dynamic behaviour. To do this, 144 dynamic simulations were performed modifying, one at a time, the stiffness and damping coefficients, of the primary and secondary suspensions. Three values were assigned to each parameter, corresponding to the percentiles 10, 50 and 90 of a data set stored in a database of railway vehicles. After processing the results of these simulations, the analysed parameters were sorted by increasing influence. It was also found which of these parameters could be estimated with a lesser degree of accuracy in future simulations without appreciably affecting the simulation results. In general terms, it was concluded that the highest influences were found for the longitudinal stiffness and the lateral stiffness of the primary suspension, and the lowest influences for the vertical stiffness and the vertical damping of the primary suspension, with the parameters of the secondary suspension showing intermediate influences between them.     

A yaw-moment control method based on a vehicle's lateral jerk information

Previously, a new control concept called ‘G-vectoring control (GVC)’ to improve vehicle agility and stability was developed. GVC is an automatic longitudinal acceleration control method that responds to vehicle lateral jerk caused by the driver's steering manoeuvres. In this paper, a new yaw-moment control method, which generates a stabilising moment during the GVC command and has positive acceleration value and the driver's accelerator pedal input is zero, was proposed. A new hybrid control, which comprises GVC, electric stability control and this new control, was constructed, and it was installed in a test vehicle and tested on a snowy surface. The very high potential for improvement in both agility and stability was confirmed.     

Design of a feedback-feedforward steering controller for accurate path tracking and stability at the limits of handling

This paper presents a feedback-feedforward steering controller that simultaneously maintains vehicle stability at the limits of handling while minimising lateral path tracking deviation. The design begins by considering the performance of a baseline controller with a lookahead feedback scheme and a feedforward algorithm based on a nonlinear vehicle handling diagram. While this initial design exhibits desirable stability properties at the limits of handling, the steady-state path deviation increases significantly at highway speeds. Results from both linear and nonlinear analyses indicate that lateral path tracking deviations are minimised when vehicle sideslip is held tangent to the desired path at all times. Analytical results show that directly incorporating this sideslip tangency condition into the steering feedback dramatically improves lateral path tracking, but at the expense of poor closed-loop stability margins. However, incorporating the desired sideslip behaviour into the feedforward loop creates a robust steering controller capable of accurate path tracking and oversteer correction at the physical limits of tyre friction. Experimental data collected from an Audi TTS test vehicle driving at the handling limits on a full length race circuit demonstrates the improved performance of the final controller design.     

公路隧道洞口结构因素对废气窜流的影响

为了给减弱公路隧道洞口废气窜流提供洞口土建结构设计方案,对洞口废气窜流影响的显著性因素进行了探讨,从洞口纵向错开不同距离、洞外设置不同位置及高度的挡壁等结构因素出发,借助计算流体动力学技术,进行了多因素异水平混合型数值模拟正交试验,探讨了不利自然风条件下洞外不同组合结构因素对洞1：7废气窜流的影响规律。结果表明：不同结构因素组合对废气窜流改善效果明显不同,洞1：7纵向错开改善窜流效果最为明显;在隧道出口侧设置有挡壁的所有组合结构均能较好地改善出口废气窜流,其中最有效的是同时在出口侧、中侧、入口侧设置与洞口等高的挡壁;仅在洞外中侧设置中间挡壁,其高度约为洞口高度的2倍时,可以有效改善废气窜流,其他情况下采用高挡壁结构的改善效果不佳;若同时在两隧道中侧与入口隧道侧设置挡壁则废气窜流改善效果差;若仅在入口隧道侧设置长挡壁,则加剧废气窜流。     

基于非稳态温度场解析解的沥青混凝土路面温度分布研究

研究以实测气象资料来预估沥青混凝土路面结构层内温度场的分布状况为目的.通过分析太阳辐射、大气温度两种主要影响参数,运用传热学理论建立沥青混凝土路面二维非稳态温度场解析方程.并在云南大理地区埋设温度传感器进行实时数据采集,对计算模型和实测数据相关关系进行了对比分析.最终在云南省不同温度分区基础上,计算得到不同路表温度的结构内部温度分布曲线.研究结果表明:建立的以太阳辐射和大气温度日变化规律为基础的温度场解析方程模型计算结果与实测结果相比,误差最大3℃左右;温度分布曲线反映出在不同路表温度时,结构内部一定深度内温度分布的规律性和温度梯度的改变趋势,能有效地帮助材料设计,计算结果证明了该模型的合理性和有效性.     

某桥台填土与桩基施工对地铁线影响分析

地铁运营后,跨线桥桥台路基段填土以及桩基施工时,会对已建成的地铁线隧道产生不利影响,为保证地铁安全,开工前需要进行分析.依托彩梅立交K1+105梅林关方向桥台填土与桩基施工对既有深圳地铁9号线的影响分析,通过PLAXIS 3D有限元分析软件对桥台填土、桩基成孔浇筑等工序进行模拟,对既有地铁线进行安全评估,并对施工监测提出相应要求.其结果表明对于该工程,桥台后填土与桩基施工过程中,地铁隧道安全可靠,可以进行施工.同时该模拟对类似工程工况可提供指导.     

地下车站的混凝土开裂数值分析及抗裂试验研究

针对上海地区富水软土地层中地下车站渗漏水问题,在混凝土开裂原理分析的基础上,建立了地铁车站混凝土结构的有限元损伤模型,揭示了水土荷载作用下混凝土裂缝起裂特点、分布及其发展规律.采用光栅光纤监测技术开展了混凝土温度-应变现场实验,得到了在施工全过程中混凝土结构的温度及应变变化规律,分析了温度、养护时间、抗裂剂等因素对混凝...     

基于改进LSTM-NN的安全性自动驾驶换道轨迹规划模型

为改善现有的自动驾驶换道轨迹规划模型产生的换道轨迹与真实的换道轨迹存在较大偏差的问题,提出了一种改进LSTM-NN的安全敏感性深度学习模型,该模型可以缓解当前自动驾驶轨迹规划存在的不足,输出轨迹既保证了较高的精度又提高了安全性。CarSim仿真软件模拟了本模型产生轨迹的可跟踪性,结果显示轨迹非常平滑,并且自动驾驶车辆可以高效、安全地完成换道。     

倒装型沥青路面温度场时空分布规律分析

倒装型基层是福建省常用的沥青路面结构型式,其沥青层厚度达26 cm.而沥青材料性质对温度敏感,进行温度场分析很有必要.通过有限元仿真分析,对福建省夏季高温时典型日照下倒装沥青路面结构内的温度场进行计算,得到内部各层温度的时空分布,并经过经验公式和相关资料的实际监测验证.结果表明,有限元分析可以作为沥青路面结构设计和沥青...