低压气液混输采气管道串接集气模式研究

针对杭锦旗气田高液气比气井井间串接集气距离长、管道压损大的问题,文中用权重法估算了影响管道气液混输距离的因素,表明管道直径是影响集气距离的最重要因素,权重比约56.1%。根据杭锦旗气田气井生产参数,对不同采气管道规格串接模式进行了研究,确定了适用于不同集气量和串接井数的采气管道规格系列,提出了直线式与辐射式相结合的井间串接模式,为杭锦旗气田地面集输站场和管网设计提供技术依据。     

驾驶特性对交通安全的影响分析

本文基于对人类行为模式的研究,并以此作为参考,将驾驶员的信息处理过程划分为感知、判断、操纵三个阶段。分析感知特性、判断特性、操作特性对交通安全的影响。     

Vehicle rollover avoidance by application of gain-scheduled LQR controllers using state observers

Many researches have been conducted in the area of control applied to vehicle dynamics, aiming at reducing the possibility of the occurrence of the type of accident known as rollover. In this research, based on a common nonlinear model and its linearisation, a method for properly selecting matrices for solving the Riccati equation considering different speeds was proposed. The method showed in which ways speed really influences the choice of controller gains. By developing the dynamic equations for the yaw- and roll-coupled motions and modelling of controllers and state observers, it is possible to compare the efficacy of this control strategy using both linear and nonlinear simulations using Matlab. Significant results were obtained regarding the reduction of the rollover coefficient for a double-lane change manoeuvre at different speeds, thus indicating advantages of using this controller in practical cases.     

Multiobjective optimisation of bogie suspension to boost speed on curves

To improve safety and maximum admissible speed on different operational scenarios, multiobjective optimisation of bogie suspension components of a one-car railway vehicle model is considered. The vehicle model has 50 degrees of freedom and is developed in multibody dynamics software SIMPACK. Track shift force, running stability, and risk of derailment are selected as safety objective functions. The improved maximum admissible speeds of the vehicle on curves are determined based on the track plane accelerations up to 1.5?m/s². To attenuate the number of design parameters for optimisation and improve the computational efficiency, a global sensitivity analysis is accomplished using the multiplicative dimensional reduction method (M-DRM). A multistep optimisation routine based on genetic algorithm (GA) and MATLAB/SIMPACK co-simulation is executed at three levels. The bogie conventional secondary and primary suspension components are chosen as the design parameters in the first two steps, respectively. In the last step semi-active suspension is in focus. The input electrical current to magnetorheological yaw dampers is optimised to guarantee an appropriate safety level. Semi-active controllers are also applied and the respective effects on bogie dynamics are explored. The safety Pareto optimised results are compared with those associated with in-service values. The global sensitivity analysis and multistep approach significantly reduced the number of design parameters and improved the computational efficiency of the optimisation. Furthermore, using the optimised values of design parameters give the possibility to run the vehicle up to 13% faster on curves while a satisfactory safety level is guaranteed. The results obtained can be used in Pareto optimisation and active bogie suspension design problems.     

考虑非稳态传热的高速汽油机主轴承润滑分析

针对一款高速汽油机主轴承内部润滑与摩擦磨损问题,考虑到轴承承载不均导致的轴瓦与润滑油非稳态传热,基于弹性流体动力润滑(EHD)和轴承动力学理论方法,通过迭代计算,得出该高速汽油机具有代表性的第三主轴承在最大转速(9500 r/min)时轴承内部精确的温度场与热变形,并以此为轴承新的几何轮廓边界条件分析轴承的实际润滑情况.结果表明,与未考虑轴瓦温度场及热变形相比,轴承润滑状态明显恶化,具体表现为轴承最小油膜厚度减小、最大油膜压力增大,且出现较严重的磨损.最后通过发动机台架试验测得轴承的实际工作情况,并与计算结果进行对比,计算结果与实际摩擦磨损情况吻合,验证了所用方法和所得研究结论的正确性.     

新常态下广东省交通科技创新制度体系总体设计研究

制度创新是科技创新的保障,没有制度创新,科技创新就无从依附。从国家科技体制改革的背景下出发,通过分析国家、地方和行业科技创新政策和广东省交通科技体制的现状,采用基于全生命周期的制度构建方法,设计了新常态下与广东省未来交通科技发展的目标和需求、科技创新主要服务内容、科技创新主体相适应的科技创新制度体系总体构架,为广东省交通行业的科技创新体制改革、激发科技创新活动构建有利的创新制度环境奠定基础。     

矩形盾构隧道管片衬砌施工期结构性能的现场试验研究： 结合上海虹桥临空11-3地块地下连接通道工程

本文以国内首条矩形盾构隧道工程为背景,对矩形盾构衬砌结构在整个施工期的荷载及结构响应进行现场追踪测试,探索衬砌结构在施工期的主要受力阶段、结构外荷载及其响应随时间的变化规律,以全面掌握矩形盾构隧道衬砌结构在施工期的受力行为。研究结果表明： 1）衬砌结构在施工期的受力可划分为自重阶段、脱出盾尾阶段、同步注浆阶段和稳定荷载阶段; 2）脱出盾尾阶段和同步注浆阶段的结构外荷载分别为稳定荷载阶段的1.5~3.0倍和1.5~2.5倍,为衬砌结构在施工期的2个不利受力阶段; 3）稳定荷载阶段的结构外荷载及其分布与理论计算较为吻合; 4）衬砌结构在施工期的内力基本满足左右对称,内力分布特征与运营阶段基本一致。     

含轴带发电机的船舶电站协调控制

船舶电站运行工况复杂,对供电系统运行的安全经济性要求较高,采用主机驱动的轴带发电机具有较好的节能效果。轴带发电机与辅助发电机并网运行时,馈电主开关之间必须进行综合协调控制,才能确保有序的连续供电。本文重点对含轴带发电机的船舶电站协调控制进行研究,结合某船复杂的运行工况和机组特性,制定出整船电站系统协调控制策略,经过验证,该船各种工况下功率分配满足要求,主开关控制策略设置合理,电站系统能够安全可靠运行。     

船用电梯安全空间保证技术研究

在船用环境中,船舶总体资源分配紧凑,在不借助辅助装置的前提下,船用电梯的安全空间通常不能完全保证。为了在少占用总体资源的同时保证船用电梯足够的安全空间,本文在解析各规范中对于船用电梯安全空间要求的基础上,针对采用不同驱动装置的船用电梯,提出保证其安全空间的方法,即合理设计和运用不同形式的检修保护装置,并初步探讨了检修保护装置的基本设计方法。     

船舶交通动力系统安全突变研究

为揭示系统本质,建立船舶交通风险预控机制,基于突变理论对船舶交通系统的安全突变进行研究。首先定性分析了船舶交通系统的特性,并针对动态性与突变性特征,提出船舶交通系统的突变动力学研究方法,进而建立船舶交通动力系统安全突变模型,最后对系统的安全突变进行了定量的分析研究。