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In the next three decades there will a huge increase in both the absolute number of older people and in their percentage of the populationin almost all Western European countries, North America, and Australia. Most older people will have active lifestyles in which mobility and access play a major role and almost all older men and a majority of older women will be car drivers, used to the convenience and flexibility which the car provides.Using data from the US, Australia, Germany, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom, the paper shows that, in spite of cultural and policy differences, older people around the world are more likely to have a license, to take more trips, and to do so more often as the driver of a car than older people just a decade ago; they are also less likely to use public transit. These trends have a number of sustainability implications – the most obvious one is increased environmental pollution. For example, even though older people may travel less than younger drivers they may be polluting proportionately more because a) they are less likely to make as great a proportion of trips in public transit as younger people and b) the trips they do make may create more pollutants. In addition, older drivers may incur more wasted miles due to wayfinding errors and trip-scouting behavior. And when older people curtail their driving, younger family members may have to increase (or lengthen) their trip-making to provide needed services or additional transportation.While this paper stresses the environmental problems posed by an aging population, effective strategies arise from a focus on a broader definition of sustainability. The most important approach is to accept the inevitable and work to make the private car "greener" and safer. New transit service concepts and strategic community and neighborhood design and service elements can complement the development of cleaner cars.Although many of the potential strategies are not new, or can be expensive to implement, the convergence of environmental concerns with other problems arising from the automobility of the elderly – including increasing crash rates and serious loss of mobility among those unable to drive – may make these policies more politically viable than in the past. 相似文献
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There has been an increasing role played by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications in recent decades. In particular, centimeter/decimetre positioning accuracy is required for some safety related applications, such as lane control, collision avoidance, and intelligent speed assistance. Lane-level Anomalous driving detection underpins these safety-related ITS applications. The two major issues associated with such detection are (1) accessing high accuracy vehicle positioning and dynamic parameters; and (2) extraction of irregular driving patterns from such information. This paper introduces a new integrated framework for detecting lane-level anomalous driving, by combining Global Positioning Systems (GPS), BeiDou, and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) with advanced algorithms. Specifically, we use Unscented Particle Filter (UPF) to perform data fusion with different positioning sources. The detection of different types of Anomalous driving is achieved based on the application of a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) with a newly introduced velocity-based indicator. The framework proposed in this paper yield significantly improved accuracy in terms of positioning and Anomalous driving detection compared to state-of-the-art, while offering an economically viable solution for performing these tasks. 相似文献
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当今时代是一个信息高速发展的时代,对中文人才培养提出了更高要求,除了具备较强的文字功底和文学素养外,还应紧跟时代发展趋势,提升中文网络编辑的应用型人才素质。其中,Flash动画技能是网络编辑的重要技能之一。文中主要探讨了如何进行面向中文网络编辑职业岗位的动画技能人才培养。首先分析Flash动画在网络编辑中的应用,然后以中文专业学生为对象进行学习者的特征分析,确定动画技能人才的培养目标和方向。最后,重点研究该动画技能的人才要求,为下一步的课程及实践教学模块设置提供依据。 相似文献
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2020年12月,一场旨在发挥职业技能竞赛在促进技能人才培养、推动职业技能培训和弘扬工匠精神重要作用的中华人民共和国第一届职业技能大赛在广州举行。这场比赛是自新中国成立以来,举办的规格最高、项目最多、规模最大的全国性、综合性职业技能赛事。再次把职教界一直关注的"以赛促教,以赛促学,赛教融合,互相促教"理念以及促进汽车专业教学改革和人才培养成效相关的话题提升到新的关注度。本文将作者亲身的参赛经历和学校教改成效,分享如何在技能大赛背景下促进汽车专业教学改革和人才培养成效的探究,希望能抛砖引玉为汽车职教的发展提供参考和启发。 相似文献
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刘娇月 《武汉船舶职业技术学院学报》2009,8(2):32-35
在光电技术产业化过程中,光电器件的重要性日益显现。光电器件的种类很多,功能各异。如何掌握各种光电器件的特性及正确选用光电器件是光电技术实际应用中的关键。在对一个光电系统的性能指标进行评价时,系统所选用的光电器件的性能参数指标已经成为最重要的影响因素之一。本文介绍了常用光电器件的主要特性,对常用光电器件进行了对比。讨论了光电器件应用选择时的注意事项与技巧,并对选用光电器件的基本原则进行了总结。 相似文献
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为稳步增强汽车驾驶的安全性,减少安全事故的发生,驾驶人员除了需要具备足够的应急应变能力之外,还需要做好安全行为习惯养成工作,形成良好的驾驶习惯。文章以汽车驾驶员不安全行为作出研究对象,在明确不安全行为表现的基础上,深刻分析影响汽车驾驶人员不安全行为的因素,在此基础上,制定合理的应对策略,旨在引导驾驶人员形成安全行为,以不断提升驾驶员的驾驶能力。 相似文献
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刘艳 《武汉船舶职业技术学院学报》2012,11(2):135-137
本文从PETS的题型、考试时间、试卷分值组成和该考试的目的详细探讨了备战PETS一级考试的各种题型的策略与技巧。 相似文献