Robust cascade control for the horizontal motion of a vehicle with single-wheel actuators

The article presents a cascade control for the horizontal motion of a vehicle with single-wheel actuators. The outer control loop for the longitudinal and lateral accelerations and the yaw rate ensures a desired vehicle motion. By a combination of state feedback control and observer-based disturbance feedforward the inner control loop robustly stabilises the rotating and steering motions of the wheels in spite of unknown frictions between tyres and ground. Since the three degrees of freedom of the horizontal motion are affected by eight tyre forces, the vehicle considered is an over-actuated system. Thus additional control objectives can be realised besides the desired motion trajectory as, for example, a maximum in driving safety. The corresponding analytical tyre force allocation also guarantees real-time capability because of its relatively low computational effort. Provided suitable fault detection and isolation are available, the proposed cascade control has the potential of fault-tolerance, because the force allocation is adaptable. Another benefit results from the modular control structure, because it allows a stepwise implementation. Besides, it only requires a small number of measurements for control purposes. These measurements are the rotational speeds and steering angles of the wheels, the longitudinal and lateral acceleration and the yaw rate of the vehicle.     

一种新型清障“泥头车”的半挂式清障车

利用半挂车的工作原理,设计出一种新型半挂式清障车,可以安全有效快捷地清障出了事故的超载＂泥头车＂,避免了传统清障车对其托举托牵作业时前轴容易＂翘头＂的缺陷。     

客车底盘车架结构分析及设计

简要介绍客车底盘车架的结构型式及其设计要点;着重介绍车架总成的设计要点、方法及设计规范.     

建造中的亚洲巨无霸——马来西亚34000m3耙吸挖泥船

正在建造中的34 000 m3耙吸挖泥船是迄今世界第二、亚洲最大的耙吸挖泥船,简要介绍了该船的主要技术特征,并就国际上巨型耙吸船的最新技术成就和未来发展进行了分析和探讨,以期对我国巨型耙吸挖泥船的自主研制能有些许启迪。     

商用车底盘线控技术研究现状及应用进展

底盘线控技术是实现商用车自动驾驶和辅助驾驶功能的关键基础技术,是当今汽车行业的研发热点。底盘线控技术包括线控执行系统和线控集成控制技术两大部分。分别对商用车的线控转向、线控制动、线控悬架、线控驱动和线控换挡等线控执行系统,以及自动紧急制动 （Autonomous Emergency Braking,AEB） 系统、自适应巡航 （Adaptive Cruise Control,ACC） 系统和车道保持辅助 （Lane Keeping Assist,LKA） 系统等线控集成控制技术的构成、控制原理与研究应用现状进行了概述,重点分析了商用车各类构型的线控转向和线控制动系统及其应用场景。结合最新发布的国家智能底盘技术路线框架图和商用车未来的客户需求,给出了商用车线控底盘各技术方向的发展趋势,为商用车线控底盘技术发展提供了参考。     

Design of safety-oriented control allocation strategies for overactuated electric vehicles

The new vehicle platforms for electric vehicles (EVs) that are becoming available are characterised by actuator redundancy, which makes it possible to jointly optimise different aspects of the vehicle motion. To do this, high-level control objectives are first specified and solved with appropriate control strategies. Then, the resulting virtual control action must be translated into actual actuator commands by a control allocation layer that takes care of computing the forces to be applied at the wheels. This step, in general, is quite demanding as far as computational complexity is considered. In this work, a safety-oriented approach to this problem is proposed. Specifically, a four-wheel steer EV with four in-wheel motors is considered, and the high-level motion controller is designed within a sliding mode framework with conditional integrators. For distributing the forces among the tyres, two control allocation approaches are investigated. The first, based on the extension of the cascading generalised inverse method, is computationally efficient but shows some limitations in dealing with unfeasible force values. To solve the problem, a second allocation algorithm is proposed, which relies on the linearisation of the tyre–road friction constraints. Extensive tests, carried out in the CarSim simulation environment, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

客车底盘纵梁数控冲孔生产线

简要介绍客车底盘纵梁数控冲孔生产线的发展历史与现状；着重介绍SPU12—32-4型汽车U型纵梁三面数控冲孔生产线和SPTB120—10型纵梁数控平板冲孔生产线的特点。     

轻型两栖汽车可升降底盘机构设计与控制方案仿真

为实现某轻型两栖汽车在不切断驱动力的前提下底盘可升降和车轮可提升,采用了平衡肘肘内动力传动技术。利用无刷直流电机带动蜗轮蜗杆副,驱动平衡肘旋转,通过控制平衡肘的位置实现底盘高度可调和车轮的提升;而发动机驱动力通过平衡肘肘内的链条传动传至车轮。采用数字PID控制方法,实现了平衡肘的位置控制。借助Matlab／Simulink对执行机构进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,利用无刷直流电机驱动能够实现平衡肘的快速转动,进而实现底盘的升降和车轮的提升。     

Models and methodology for optimal trajectory generation in safety-critical road–vehicle manoeuvres

There is currently a strongly growing interest in obtaining optimal control solutions for vehicle manoeuvres, both in order to understand optimal vehicle behaviour and, perhaps more importantly, to devise improved safety systems, either by direct deployment of the solutions or by including mimicked driving techniques of professional drivers. However, it is non-trivial to find the right combination of models, optimisation criteria, and optimisation tools to get useful results for the above purposes. Here, a platform for investigation of these aspects is developed based on a state-of-the-art optimisation tool together with adoption of existing vehicle chassis and tyre models. A minimum-time optimisation criterion is chosen for the purpose of gaining an insight into at-the-limit manoeuvres, with the overall aim of finding improved fundamental principles for future active safety systems. The proposed method to trajectory generation is evaluated in time-manoeuvres using vehicle models established in the literature. We determine the optimal control solutions for three manoeuvres using tyre and chassis models of different complexities. The results are extensively analysed and discussed. Our main conclusion is that the tyre model has a fundamental influence on the resulting control inputs. Also, for some combinations of chassis and tyre models, inherently different behaviour is obtained. However, certain variables important in vehicle safety-systems, such as the yaw moment and the body-slip angle, are similar for several of the considered model configurations in aggressive manoeuvring situations.     

ANSYS在东风EQ140汽车车架刚度分析中的应用

应用ANSYS软件,完成了东风EQ140型汽车车架的刚度分析过程。通过建模、加载、解算及后处理等一系列步骤获得车架的扭转变形及应力,揭示出车架横梁在后桥支撑点存在扭转变形最大的问题,为车架的优化设计提供了重要依据。