独柱支承直线连续箱梁桥动力分析

独柱支承直线连续箱梁桥的动力特性与普通双支承连续箱梁相比发生一定改变,而桥梁结构动力特性与活载冲击系数、桥梁抗震性能有着紧密联系。通过有限元计算对比分析独柱支承直线连续箱梁桥和普通支承连续箱梁桥的动力特性差异及其对地震反应的影响。结果表明结构独柱支承连续箱梁桥冲击系数和地震反应仍可按规范和目前工程常规做法进行设计计算。     

高速铁路施工项目动态风险管理探讨

分析了我国高速铁路施工项目的风险特点和管理现状,指出风险管理中存在主要问题的基础上,对动态风险管理的概念做了界定,提出了动态风险管理流程模型。使风险在施工过程中始终处于可控状态,风险量处于可接受水平之下,为顺利完成工程项目工期、质量、安全、成本目标,提供可靠保障。     

基于自适应动态面的航向跟踪控制器设计

针对船舶航向控制非线性系统模型中存在的不确定性和外界干扰的影响,采用动态面控制算法设计了一种鲁棒自适应控制器。由于在反步法设计过程中加入了一阶低通滤波器使得该方法无需对模型非线性多次微分,因而设计方法简单。所设计的鲁棒自适应控制器不仅能保证闭环系统的半全局渐近稳定,使得输出渐进跟踪期望轨迹;而且,跟踪误差可以通过控制器的设计参数加以调整。以中远集装箱船COSCO Shanghai号为例进行仿真研究,结果证明所设计的控制器是有效的。     

具有星际链路的LEO/MEO卫星网络动态路由协议

针对具有星际链路的LEO/MEO卫星网络,设计了一种具有自主运行能力的卫星网络动态路由协议（SDRP）.采用时间离散化的链路状态增量更新的虚拟拓扑路由算法,降低了网络开销.提出的多点转发节点选举算法,提高了路由收敛速度和网络资源利用率.仿真结果表明,卫星网络动态路由协议的路由收敛时间远小于网络稳态保持时间,路由收敛时间是OSPF的1/10,平均协议带宽占用率也大大小于OSPF,可以保证卫星网络的信息可靠传送.     

城市公交价格组合策略的系统动力学建模与仿真

城市公交价格系统是由公交出行者、运营者、管理者三个主体构成的多变量、多反馈、非线性的复杂系统,不同价格组合策略对利益主体的影响不同. 由公交主体在系统中的作用将公交价格系统分为公交供给子系统、公交企业收益子系统、公交需求子系统三个子系统. 采用系统动力学方法,建立了城市公交价格系统变量间的因果关系图和流图,以及公交价格系统动力学模型. 通过提高或降低公交补贴标准、公交车辆供给、公交服务价格三个指标值,形成不同公交价格组合策略方案. 在高、低两种经济发展水平背景下,以哈尔滨市公交企业为对象分五种情境对公交价格组合策略方案进行仿真,得出政府补贴、公交企业利润,以及乘车等待时间的变化趋势. 选择社会福利和资金利用比指标,评价不同公交价格组合策略实施的效果. 公交价格组合策略分析,为城市公交价格政策的制定和实施提供了参考依据.     

动荷作用下路面材料阻尼特性分析

系统地分析了动荷载作用下材料阻尼的微观机制及其变化规律，着重讨论了阻尼对路面材料动力响应的影响及其对外动荷载的应力依赖性，并介绍了适用于工程建设中不同建筑材料粘弹特性的动本构模型。     

Locomotive dynamic performance under traction/braking conditions considering effect of gear transmissions

Traction or braking operations are usually applied to trains or locomotives for acceleration, speed adjustment, and stopping. During these operations, gear transmission equipment plays a very significant role in the delivery of traction or electrical braking power. Failures of the gear transmissions are likely to cause power loses and even threaten the operation safety of the train. Its dynamic performance is closely related to the normal operation and service safety of the entire train, especially under some emergency braking conditions. In this paper, a locomotive–track coupled vertical–longitudinal dynamics model is employed with considering the dynamic action from the gear transmissions. This dynamics model enables the detailed analysis and more practical simulation on the characteristics of power transmission path, namely motor–gear transmission–wheelset–longitudinal motion of locomotive, especially for traction or braking conditions. Multi-excitation sources, such as time-varying mesh stiffness and nonlinear wheel–rail contact excitations, are considered in this study. This dynamics model is then validated by comparing the simulated results with the experimental test results under braking conditions. The calculated results indicate that involvement of gear transmission could reveal the load reduction of the wheelset due to transmitted forces. Vibrations of the wheelset and the motor are dominated by variation of the gear dynamic mesh forces in the low speed range and by rail geometric irregularity in the higher speed range. Rail vertical geometric irregularity could also cause wheelset longitudinal vibrations, and do modulations to the gear dynamic mesh forces. Besides, the hauling weight has little effect on the locomotive vibrations and the dynamic mesh forces of the gear transmissions for both traction and braking conditions under the same running speed.     

Dynamic behaviour of a high-speed train hydraulic yaw damper

This paper focuses on revealing the dynamic behaviour of a hydraulic yaw damper under very small excitation conditions. First, the measured yaw damper movement is presented when a train experiences unstable motions. It shows that the yaw damper is characterized by very small harmonic movement between 0.5 and 2?mm. Following this, a simplified physical model of the yaw damper is developed which has the ability to reproduce its dynamic performance in the range of operating conditions, and then suitably validated with experimental results. At last, the dynamic behaviour of the yaw damper under very small amplitudes is investigated by comparing with its static behaviour, and the dynamic stiffness and damping in terms of key parameters are studied. It is concluded that there is a great difference in the damper performance between dynamic and static conditions which is caused by the internal damper flexibility under small amplitudes. The percentage of entrapped air in oil, rubber attachment stiffness, and leakage flow have a great effect on the dynamic behaviour of the yaw damper related to the dynamic stiffness and damping. The effect is even more remarkable for smaller amplitudes regarding the dissolved air in oil. Oil leakage has a greater impact on dynamic damping than dynamic stiffness. The series stiffness of the yaw damper is mainly provided by the spring effect of the oil when the rubber attachment stiffness reached a certain limit, and an additional increase in rubber attachment stiffness becomes useless to further enhance the overall stiffness of the damper.     

High-frequency random vibration analysis of a high-speed vehicle–track system with the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads using a hybrid SEM–SM method

A hybrid Spectral Element Method (SEM)–Symplectic Method(SM) method for high-efficiency computation of the high-frequency random vibrations of a high-speed vehicle–track system with the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads is presented. First, the Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) formula and Fractional Derivative Zener (FDZ) model were, respectively, applied for prediction and representation of the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of Vossloh 300 rail pads frequently used in China's high-speed railway. Then, the proposed hybrid SEM–SM method was used to investigate the influence of the frequency-dependent dynamic performance of Vossloh 300 rail pads on the high-frequency random vibrations of high-speed vehicle–track systems at various train speeds or different levels of rail surface roughness. The experimental results indicate that the storage stiffness and loss factors of Vossloh 300 rail pad increase with the decrease in dynamic loads or the increase in preloads within 0.1–10,000?Hz at 20°C, and basically linearly increase with frequency in a logarithmic coordinate system. The results computed by the hybrid SEM–SM method demonstrate that the frequency-dependent viscous damping of Vossloh 300 rail pads, compared with its constant viscous damping and frequency-dependent stiffness, has a much more conspicuous influence on the medium-frequency (i.e. 20–63?Hz) random vibrations of car bodies and rail fasteners, and on the mid- (i.e. 20–63?Hz) and high-frequency (i.e. 630–1250?Hz) random vibrations of bogies, wheels and rails, especially with the increase in train speeds or the deterioration of rail surface roughness. The two sensitive frequency bands can also be validated by frequency response function (FRF) analysis of the proposed infinite rail–fastener model. The mid and high frequencies influenced by the frequency-dependent viscous damping of rail pads are exactly the dominant frequencies of ground vibration acceleration and wheel rolling noise caused by high-speed railways, respectively. Even though the existing time-domain (or frequency-domain) finite track models associated with the time-domain (or frequency-domain) fractional derivative viscoelastic (FDV) models of rail pads can also be used to reach the same conclusions, the hybrid SEM–SM method in which only one element is required to compute the high-order vibration modes of infinite rail is more appropriate for high-efficiency analysis of the high-frequency random vibrations of high-speed vehicle–track systems.     

Development and evaluation of bus lanes with intermittent and dynamic priority in connected vehicle environment

Exclusive bus lanes provide a very high level of priority for transit operations, especially for Bus Rapid Transit and Express service, but these lanes could be underutilized and be a source of extra capacity if they could be shared in an intelligent way. This article explores the benefits of providing intermittent priority, called bus lane with intermittent and dynamic priority, of these exclusive bus lanes. Intermittent and dynamic priority can be implemented by allowing vehicles to use the lane when Bus Rapid Transit or Express bus is not present. Drivers can be alerted when a bus is in the lane using either infrastructure-based signs, or in the future using infrastructure-to-vehicle, or connected vehicle communications. Some critical operating parameters for implementing bus lane with intermittent and dynamic priority system including clear distance, degree of saturation (volume-to-capacity ratio), connected vehicle penetration, and bus departure/headway frequency have been investigated in this paper.