A new composite decision support framework for strategic and sustainable transport appraisals

This paper concerns the development of a new decision support framework for the appraisal of transport infrastructure projects. In such appraisals there will often be a need for including both conventional transport impacts as well as criteria of a more strategic and/or sustainable character. The proposed framework is based on the use of cost-benefit analysis featuring feasibility risk assessment in combination with multi-criteria decision analysis and is supported by the concept of decision conferencing. The framework is applied for a transport related case study dealing with the complex decision problem of determining the most attractive alternative for a new fixed link between Denmark and Sweden – the so-called HH-connection. Applying the framework to the case study made it possible to address the decision problem from an economic, a strategic, and a sustainable point of view simultaneously. The outcome of the case study demonstrates the decision making framework as a valuable decision support system (DSS), and it is concluded that appraisals of transport projects can be effectively supported by the use of the DSS. Finally, perspectives of the future modelling work are given.     

柔性绿色防护在祁临高速边坡养护中的应用

介绍祁临高速路堑边坡病害处治中舍弃了传统的刚性防护,而采用的一种新型柔性绿色防护类型。从经济效益、社会效益、施工技术特点等方面论述了这种新型环保防护形式的优越性。该工程坚持环境保护和经济建设同步发展的方针,以护坡、绿化、环保、和谐为主题,围绕以人为本的宗旨,科学设计,使之成新型柔性护坡的典范。     

Estimating economic and resilience consequences of potential navigation infrastructure failures: A case study of the Monongahela River

The paper examines the potential effects of failure of heavily used, outdated locks and dams on the Monongahela River in southwestern Pennsylvania. Catastrophic failure would result in lengthy outage of barge traffic. The displaced volume of coal shipments from mines to power plants is estimated using Energy Information Administration survey data. The resilience of the impacted facilities, the viability of their shipping alternatives, and their ability to re-organize into new markets is assessed. Lost revenues are estimated for facilities that close due to an inability to adapt, as well as the replacement cost of towboats and barges trapped by a catastrophic and sudden failure. The aggregate costs to these facilities as a result of a year-long closure are estimated at $0.56-1.7 billion.     

张崇段沿线生态工程建设方案

对张崇段沿线的取土场生态环境进行评估和分析,结合不同的地理位置、环境、气候及植被等情况,提出合理的生态恢复建议,可供施工单位和建设单位参考.     

铁路电务专业系统绩效考核机制建设的探索与实践

从分析传统考核机制存在的问题入手,探索建立一套以月度专项检查考核、季度综合管理评价考核、半年度管理诊断评价考核、年度安全评估为主线的绩效考核机制;通过与传统的电务绩效考核机制进行对比,阐述新时期电务绩效考核机制建设的主要特点,并对其实施效果和体会进行了分析。     

农村公路资金渠道配置评价的相对标度法

为评判农村公路资金渠道配置的相对合理性,在分析中国农村公路建设和养护资金渠道基础上,提出资金渠道配置评价的相对标度法。利用相对标度计算各资金渠道的重要度(权重),定义一个"标准"地区,确定标志值,估计反映各渠道配置相对合理性的匹配系数并求和,给出中国农村公路建设和养护资金主要渠道的权重参考值。实例计算结果表明:该方法简单、实用,且具有很强的灵活性,可用来优化农村公路资金渠道配置。     

中国沙棘种群在沙漠高速公路中的生态适应性研究

沙漠防护一直是沙漠地区修建公路需重点解决的问题之一。本着就地取材和生态适应性的原则,对高速公路通行区域进行了生物防护沙漠试验,分析研究了中国沙棘在沙漠高速公路不同方向路基边坡的种群特征和生态适应性。研究表明,同一坡向中国沙棘种群的生长特征、生物量及其分配格局等均无显著差异,其生态适应性具有趋同性;在北坡和南坡之间,种群的生长特征、生物量及其分配格局等均有显著差异,其生态适应性具有趋异性。在实践中可根据坡向的水分特征和中国沙棘的生物生态学特性,在南坡宜适当加大造林密度,并加强土壤水分管理,以便提高造林效果和促进种群生长发育进程,使其尽早发挥沙漠防护的作用。     

龙河沿岸生态公路设计研究

人们在探索公路建设与生态环境协调发展的过程中提出生态公路概念。通过生态公路的设计实例,指出生态公路的内涵,并着重对河流沿岸生态公路提出设计重点和方案。     

城市燃气管道第三方损坏的评价方法

第三方损坏评价是指对由于各种外力作用而使管道受损的可能性进行分级.根据影响第三方损坏因素的情况,采用故障树分析法和模糊综合评判法相结合的数学模型进行评价.通过故障树分析,得到引起第三方损坏的各种因素的重要度.再将之作为模糊综合评判法的权重向量,求得第三方损坏的综合评判向量,最后按照最大隶属度原则确定各管段第三方损坏可能性的等级.     

高速公路建设水土流失分析及水土保持研究

高速公路的修建往往会对沿线生态环境造成很大的影响,本文以西南地区的4条高速公路为基础,阐述了高速公路建设项目水土流失的成因、特点及防治对策。将工程措施与植物措施相结合并积极地采用新方法、新技术,以期搞好高速公路水土保持工作,从而有效地改善公路沿线的生态环境。