红砂岩水敏感性影响因素及路用性能改善措施

红砂岩的岩性决定了其是一种不良的公路路基填料。文中以瑞寻高速公路建设项目为依托,研究了两类江西省典型红砂岩化学成分及结构组成比例,并进一步研究了红砂岩对水的敏感性影响因素,进行了相关试验研究;提出了红砂岩填筑路基的性能改善措施。     

Sensitivity analysis to assess the influence of the inertial properties of railway vehicle bodies on the vehicle's dynamic behaviour

A sensitivity analysis has been performed to assess the influence of the inertial properties of railway vehicles on their dynamic behaviour. To do this, 216 dynamic simulations were performed modifying, one at a time, the masses, moments of inertia and heights of the centre of gravity of the carbody, the bogie and the wheelset. Three values were assigned to each parameter, corresponding to the percentiles 10, 50 and 90 of a data set stored in a database of railway vehicles. After processing the results of these simulations, the analysed parameters were sorted by increasing influence. It was also found which of these parameters could be estimated with a lesser degree of accuracy for future simulations without appreciably affecting the simulation results. In general terms, it was concluded that the most sensitive inertial properties are the mass and the vertical moment of inertia, and the least sensitive ones the longitudinal and lateral moments of inertia.     

浅谈植物护坡在崇明岛生态河道治理中的应用

基于工程实践经验,论述了植物护坡措施的作用、分类、品种选择原则以及设计思路.论述内容对植物护坡措施在生态河道治理中的应用具有一定的参考意义.     

环放路网宏观基本图信号周期敏感性分析

为揭示路网宏观基本图(MFD)对信号周期的敏感性，首先，提出一种基于GMM的宏观基本图建模方法，并在此基础上提出路网运行效率和稳定性的表征方法；其次，提出MFD 对信号周期敏感性的仿真实验设计方法；再次，以环放路网为例，进行仿真实验，分析信号周期的变化对MFD的影响，进一步揭示信号周期对路网运行效率和稳定性的影响机理. 结果表明，合理的信号周期对MFD和路网的效率及稳定性影响不大，但周期过大或过小则对MFD 和路网的运行效率及稳定性造成较大影响. 该结论可以为路网交通控制和优化提供依据.     

高速公路评价区生态环境影响综合评价初探

介绍如何确定高速公路生态环境影响评价的因子，界定评价区范围，应用已有的生态综合评价指数法，运用它对高速公路生态影响的实例进行综合评价。     

一种基于DNA计算的多模态函数求解模型

通过对DNA计算的研究,提出了一种在DNA计算的基础上引入一种基于Lokta-Volterra方程的生态竞争繁殖、家庭选择机制等的求解多模态函数的进化算法,使得群体能够保持多样性,并有效地避免了早熟收敛,通过对测试函数的求解,同时搜索到多模函数多个极值峰点,取得了令人满意的结果。     

层次分析法在自然保护区生态评价中的应用初探

以老铁山自然保护区野生动物的生态评价为例，分析了层次分析法在自然保护区生态评价指标权重确定中的应用，并论述了层次分析法应用于自然保护区生态评价中的优劣性。结果表明：老铁山自然保护区的生态质量较好；层次分析法作为一种定量研究方法，对于自然保护区而言不仅可以确定指标的相对重要性，而且还可以用于综合定量分析。     

Influence of the track quality and of the properties of the wheel–rail rolling contact on vehicle dynamics

This work describes an analytical approach to determine what degree of accuracy is required in the definition of the rail vehicle models used for dynamic simulations. This way it would be possible to know in advance how the results of simulations may be altered due to the existence of errors in the creation of rolling stock models, whilst also identifying their critical parameters. This would make it possible to maximise the time available to enhance dynamic analysis and focus efforts on factors that are strictly necessary. In particular, the parameters related both to the track quality and to the rolling contact were considered in this study. With this aim, a sensitivity analysis was performed to assess their influence on the vehicle dynamic behaviour. To do this, 72 dynamic simulations were performed modifying, one at a time, the track quality, the wheel–rail friction coefficient and the equivalent conicity of both new and worn wheels. Three values were assigned to each parameter, and two wear states were considered for each type of wheel, one for new wheels and another one for reprofiled wheels. After processing the results of these simulations, it was concluded that all the parameters considered show very high influence, though the friction coefficient shows the highest influence. Therefore, it is recommended to undertake any future simulation job with measured track geometry and track irregularities, measured wheel profiles and normative values of the wheel–rail friction coefficient.     

Ride dynamic evaluations and design optimisation of a torsio-elastic off-road vehicle suspension

The ride dynamic characteristics of a novel torsio-elastic suspension for off-road vehicle applications are investigated through field measurements and simulations. A prototype suspension was realised and integrated within the rear axle of a forestry skidder for field evaluations. Field measurements were performed on forestry terrains at a constant forward speed of 5 km/h under the loaded and unloaded conditions, and the ride responses were acquired in terms of accelerations along the vertical, lateral, roll, longitudinal and pitch axes. The measurements were also performed on a conventional skidder to investigate the relative ride performance potentials of the proposed suspension. The results revealed that the proposed suspension could yield significant reductions in magnitudes of transmitted vibration to the operator seat. Compared with the unsuspended vehicle, the prototype suspended vehicle resulted in nearly 35%, 43% and 57% reductions in the frequency-weighted rms accelerations along the x-, y- and z-axis, respectively. A 13-degree-of-freedom ride dynamic model of the vehicle with rear-axle torsio-elastic suspension was subsequently derived and validated in order to study the sensitivity of the ride responses to suspension parameters. Optimal suspension parameters were identified using the Pareto technique based on the genetic algorithm to obtain minimal un-weighted and frequency-weighted rms acceleration responses. The optimal solutions resulted in further reduction in the pitch acceleration in the order of 20%, while the reductions in roll and vertical accelerations ranged from 3.5 to 6%.     

采用SHCCT图判断钢的冷裂倾向

通过铁研式裂纹试验结果与碳当量和模拟热影响区连续冷却组织转变曲线图(SHCCT图)中的特征值比较,认为用后者判断钢的冷裂倾向比碳当量更准确。