An approach to estimation of near-surface turbulence and CO2 transfer velocity from remote sensing data

The air–sea CO₂ exchange is primarily determined by the boundary-layer processes in the near-surface layer of the ocean since it is a water-side limited gas. As a consequence, the interfacial component of the CO₂ transfer velocity can be linked to parameters of turbulence in the near-surface layer of the ocean. The development of remote sensing techniques provides a possibility to quantify the dissipation of the turbulent kinetic energy in the near-surface layer of the ocean and the air–sea CO₂ transfer velocity on a global scale. In this work, the dissipation rate of the turbulent kinetic energy in the near-surface layer of the ocean and its patchiness has been linked to the air–sea CO₂ transfer velocity with a boundary-layer type model. Field observations of upper ocean turbulence, laboratory studies, and the direct CO₂ flux measurements are used to validate the model. The model is then forced with the TOPEX POSEIDON wind speed and significant wave height to demonstrate its applicability for estimating the distribution of the near-surface turbulence dissipation rate and gas transfer velocity for an extended (decadal) time period. A future version of this remote sensing algorithm will incorporate directional wind/wave data being available from QUIKSCAT, a now-cast wave model, and satellite heat fluxes. The inclusion of microwave imagery from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) and the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) will provide additional information on the fractional whitecap coverage and sea surface turbulence patchiness.     

PID智能模糊白整定控制器在SG水位控制中的应用

为提高蒸汽发生器水位控制效果，设计一种基于模糊控制原理的模糊PID参数白适应控制器，根据偏差和偏差变化率来实时调整参数，水位控制实验结果表明，这种模糊控制器比常规PID控制器有更好的控制效果，明显改善了系统的动态性能和稳态性能。     

铁路工程建设水土流失预测研究

随着铁路建设步伐的加快,铁路建设过程中引起的水土流失问题日益受到重视,以包兰线包头至惠农段电气化改造工程为研究对象,分析了沿线水土流失形式,确定了流失量,并对预测结果进行了总结。     

高寒地区隧道渗漏水原因及预防措施

隧道渗漏是隧道工程施工中普遍存在的质量问题,高寒地区隧道因冻胀而引起渗漏更为突出。结合318国道(川藏公路)拉纳山隧道施工实例,探讨高寒地区隧道易导致发生渗漏的衬砌环接缝处、防水板施工、堵裂隙水、排水措施和抗渗混凝土施工等几个方面施工中的预防措施。     

生态混凝土的研究及应用

生态混凝土是一种既不破坏环境,又能保护环境、实现人类与自然环境的协调具有积极作用的新型特种混凝土。生态混凝土可分为环境友好型和生物相容型两类,主要应用在减轻环境负荷、植生、净化水质等方面;智能化、规模化、理论化、体系化和集成化是21世纪生态混凝土的主要发展趋势。     

京山线滦河特大桥旋喷桩施工工艺

1工程概况京山线滦河特大桥位于京山线滦县——朱各庄区间的既有滦河大桥和已废弃的老滦河桥之间,桥长817.6 m。其中6￣10号墩位于主河道,基础采用直径1.25 m钢筋混凝土钻孔灌注桩。由于历史原因,在既有滦河大桥和已废弃的老滦河桥之间的地层中埋藏有既有滦河大桥的废弃钢梁,需     

武钢工业港码头改造工程航道条件分析

分析了武钢工业港3、4号码头所处河段河床演变历史、航道条件、码头水域条件对码头改造工程的影响,以及码头工程对航道的影响,提出了保障航道安全和码头作业安全的相关措施。     

简易钢管栈桥码头在喀纳斯湖的应用

阐述了在国家级自然保护区喀纳斯湖采用简易网箱栽植钢管栈桥码头的最优选择与实用性,明确了建设简易钢管栈桥码头的关键技术问题,指出了简易钢管栈桥码头营运维护应注意的问题。简易网箱栽植钢管栈桥码头成功经验表明其具有广泛的应用前景。     

Research on the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water

China’s coastal waters are turbid and the properties of the seabed are complex. This negatively impacts the performance of underwater detection equipment. The properties of sound absorption in turbid water are not well understood. In this paper, the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water was measured by the reverberation technique. All work was done in a reverberation barrel made of seamless aluminum. First, pure water was poured into the reverberation barrel and its reverberation time measured. Next, various concentrations of turbid water were poured into the barrel and their reverberation time measured. After all data had been gathered, the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water of different concentrations was calculated. From this we determined a law of sound absorption in turbid water as summarized in the paper.     

生活饮用水污染的流行病学调查分析

目的对生活饮用水污染进行流行病学调查分析。方法用流行病学的调查分析确立生活饮用水污染的三间分布,水质检验和发病人员的实验室检验寻找致病菌。结果根据三间分布、水质检验和实验室检验,得出致病菌为大肠艾希氏菌（O44∶K74）。结论本次生活饮用水污染引起感染性腹泻暴发流行事故,是由于粪便污染所致。