极限平衡法与有限元法结合分析平阿高速公路高边坡稳定性

结合平安至阿岱高速公路高边坡工程实例,先用极限平衡法计算得出边坡的稳定安全系数,再用有限元法分析边坡的应力、应变和位移,这两种方法相结合既能反映边坡的稳定和变形之间的关系,又能用安全系数来评价边坡的稳定性。采用预应力锚索等加固,高边坡处于稳定状态。     

列车作用下东巨寺沟铁路隧道围岩动力反应分析

东巨寺沟铁路隧道选取试验段中实施湿喷工艺喷射聚丙烯纤维混凝土,作为支护结构,并作永久性支护结构,免除二次衬砌;为研究该隧道在列车作用下的动力响应,从土－结构相互作用模型出发,采用粘－弹性人工边界条件,建立隧道支护结构－围岩相互作用的动力分析模型,采用时程积分法研究了列车荷载对铁路隧道围岩和支护结构的动力作用,分析了列车荷载作用下由于轨道不平顺引起的动力响应,并对该隧道围岩的稳定性进行了分析。分析结果表明:在列车动力作用下,隧道围岩和支护结构变形微小,处于稳定状态。     

泥岩填石路堤施工技术应用

泥岩本身为泥质结构,在饱水状态下3～4 h即刻崩解。用于路基填料,泥岩变形大,造成路基不稳定,易诱发路基沉陷、变形等病害。文章结合工程实例,分析了泥岩填石路堤施工技术方案的可行性及可操作性。     

客车底盘制动系储气筒容积的计算与选择

结合SX6124GK93L型客车底盘设计,介绍客车底盘制动系储气筒容积的计算与选择。     

分离式钢箱梁不同横梁构造方案计算和比选研究

分离式钢箱梁逐步在大跨度悬索桥和斜拉桥中得到应用。针对分离式钢箱梁的连接横梁相对薄弱、构造复杂等特殊性,采用有限元软件ANSYS建立空间有限元计算模型,研究对比不同横梁构造方案的详细受力情况。通过计算分析,掌握分离式钢箱梁受力性能,使结构处于安全的受力状态,从而达到优化设计的目的,为同类桥梁设计提供参考。     

Optimal preview game theory approach to vehicle stability controller design

Dynamic game theory brings together different features that are keys to many situations in control design: optimisation behaviour, the presence of multiple agents/players, enduring consequences of decisions and robustness with respect to variability in the environment, etc. In the presented methodology, vehicle stability is represented by a cooperative dynamic/difference game such that its two agents (players), namely the driver and the direct yaw controller (DYC), are working together to provide more stability to the vehicle system. While the driver provides the steering wheel control, the DYC control algorithm is obtained by the Nash game theory to ensure optimal performance as well as robustness to disturbances. The common two-degrees-of-freedom vehicle-handling performance model is put into discrete form to develop the game equations of motion. To evaluate the developed control algorithm, CarSim with its built-in nonlinear vehicle model along with the Pacejka tire model is used. The control algorithm is evaluated for a lane change manoeuvre, and the optimal set of steering angle and corrective yaw moment is calculated and fed to the test vehicle. Simulation results show that the optimal preview control algorithm can significantly reduce lateral velocity, yaw rate, and roll angle, which all contribute to enhancing vehicle stability.     

Vehicle yaw stability control using active limited-slip differential via model predictive control methods

In this paper, the problem of vehicle yaw control using an active limited-slip differential (ALSD) applied on the rear axle is addressed. The controller objective is to minimise yaw-rate and body slip-angle errors, with respect to target values. A novel model predictive controller is designed, using a linear parameter-varying (LPV) vehicle model, which takes into account the ALSD dynamics and its constraints. The controller is simulated using a 10DOF Matlab/Simulink simulation model and a CarSim model. These simulations exemplify the controller yaw-rate and slip-angle tracking performances, under challenging manoeuvres and road conditions. The model predictive controller performances surpass those of a reference sliding mode controller, and can narrow the loss of performances due to the ALSD's inability to transfer torque regardless of driving conditions.     

Vehicle control synthesis using phase portraits of planar dynamics

ABSTRACT

Phase portraits provide control system designers strong graphical insight into nonlinear system dynamics. These plots readily display vehicle stability properties and map equilibrium point locations and movement to changing parameters and system inputs. This paper extends the usage of phase portraits in vehicle dynamics to control synthesis by illustrating the relationship between the boundaries of stable vehicle operation and the state derivative isoclines in the yaw rate–sideslip phase plane. Closed-loop phase portraits demonstrate the potential for augmenting a vehicle's open-loop dynamics through steering and braking. The paper concludes by applying phase portrait analysis to an envelope control algorithm for yaw stability and a sliding surface controller for stabilising a saddle point equilibrium in drifting.     

SBS改性沥青热储存稳定性评价

采用8种成品SBS改性沥青,根据《公路工程沥青及沥青混合料试验规程》(JTJ 052-2000)中T0661的方法,分别对其进行热储存离析试验;并且采用AR-2000型动态剪切流变仪对不同品牌的成品SBS改性沥青及热储存离析试验上、下部试样进行动态剪切试验,以获取SBS改性沥青动态力学温度谱。试验表明,仅以离析试验上下部软化点差值小于2.5℃来评价SBS改性沥青储存稳定性是不全面的,SBS改性沥青在储存中会产生软化点的升高或衰减,这些同样会导致沥青的使用性能的不稳定性。在温度扫描下损耗因子tanδ是否出现平台区,即是否形成空间网络结构与SBS改性沥青的储存动力稳定性的好坏没有必然的联系。     

高边坡路堑施工

从高边坡路堑土石方开挖方法、边坡防护、排水工程及时跟进施工,施工过程中对边坡稳定性的监控量测方面,阐述了高边坡路堑的施工工序和施工方法。