The Alternative Motor Fuels Act, alternative-fuel vehicles, and greenhouse gas emissions

The corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standard is the major policy tool to improve the fleet average miles per gallon of automobile manufacturers in the US. The Alternative Motor Fuels Act (AMFA) provides special treatment in calculating the fuel economy of alternative-fuel vehicles to give manufacturers CAFE incentives to produce more alternative-fuel vehicles. AMFA has as its goals an increase in the production of alternative-fuel vehicles and a decrease in gasoline consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper examines theoretically the effects of the program set up under AMFA. It finds that, under some conditions, this program may actually increase the production of fuel-inefficient gasoline vehicles, gasoline consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.     

番禺气田珠海终端外涂层检测与失效分析

通过分析番禺气田珠海终端工艺管线涂层类型、涂层缺陷,根据涂层所处的腐蚀环境以及原始设计规范要求,结合影响涂层寿命的4个因素,对整个工艺管线按区域进行了涂层厚度检测与失效统计,评估了工艺管线外涂层的整体状况,分析了涂层腐蚀失效的原因.结果表明:终端管线外涂层存在缺陷,涂层厚度达不到设计要求,而焊缝及法兰出现的腐蚀主要由管线内外腐蚀环境、涂层质量及表面处理质量不好所致.     

融合浮标与潜标的水声定位噪声测量系统

融合浮标与潜标的水声定位噪声测量系统,可实现对监测水域内不同噪声辐射量级目标的全天候噪声测量。高精度时钟及GPS的加入保证该系统能精确预测各时刻水下目标的运动轨迹。该系统在进行噪声测量时,为保证系统精度,使用频谱补偿修正算法,显著提高时延计算精度。该系统的主控软件可显示待测目标的轨迹,并可融合时间、位置、声学测量信息等对水下目标的噪声进行处理,获取噪声功率谱密度等特性。湖上试验的结果表明,该系统定位结果稳定可靠。     

水下双层圆柱壳辐射声场欠定分离评估方法研究

水下双层加筋圆柱壳振动和辐射声场的评估对其辐射噪声监测和控制具有重要工程意义。文中通过结构振动模态参与因子向量自身的稀疏特性,分析提出了一种基于结构振动的辐射噪声欠定分离评估方法,可实现有限振动测点情况下的水下复杂结构振动和辐射声场的有效评估。数值和试验结果验证了文中方法的有效性,且所需要的振动测点数目少,具有良好的工程适用性。     

磁悬式水位计在工程上的初步应用

简要介绍测量地下水位常用的几种水位计的工作原理及使用性能。并在双触点式和浮漂式水位计的基础上进行技术改造,开发出磁悬浮式水位计,这种水位计不仅工作性能大大改善,而且经济简便,更适合工程勘察使用。     

高铁湿陷性黄土隧道地基处理浅析

根据湿陷性黄土隧道工程特点,结合宝兰客专客运专线王家岔湿陷性黄土隧道地基加固处理的工程实例,阐述了洞口和洞内两种施工工艺不同的水泥土挤密桩施工方案,分析了隧道内水泥土挤密桩施工对其它工序的干扰和对工期的影响,以及施工振动对初支结构和围岩稳定的危害,提出了有效的控制措施.     

公路工程测量探讨

主要就公路测量的特点及过程进行介绍，论述公路测量中所采用的方法，解释公路测量在工程进行各个阶段的具体任务。另外介绍了GPS 技术在公路测量的应用前景。     

人机作业分析在轮对生产线中的应用

分析了某企业轮对生产线存在的作业人员与生产设备利用率低的问题,运用基础工业工程中的作业测定的相关方法对车轮生产中的钻辐板孔工序的工时数据进行了分析和整理,运用作业分析法对钻辐板孔工序的人机作业进行了优化与改进,从而得到更为合理的作业方法.     

Forecasting bunker prices; A nonstationary,multivariate methodology

This paper suggests a methodological approach for the forecasting of marine fuel prices. The prediction of the bunker prices is of outmost importance for operators, as bunker prices affect heavily the economic planning and financial viability of ventures and determine decisions related to compliance with regulations. A multivariate nonstationary stochastic model available in the literature is being retrieved, after appropriate adjustment and testing. The model belongs to the class of periodically correlated stochastic processes with annual periodic components. The time series are appropriately transformed to become Gaussian, and then are decomposed to deterministic seasonal characteristics (mean value and standard deviation) and a residual time series. The residual part is proved to be stationary and then is modeled as a Vector AutoRegressive Mooving Average (VARMA) process. Finally, using the methodology presented, forecasts of a tetra-variate and an octa-variate time series of bunker prices are produced and are in good agreement with actual values. The obtained results encourages further research and deeper investigation of the driving characters of the multivariate time series of bunker prices.