掺烧乙醇/水对柴油机燃烧与排放性能的影响

针对TBD234V6型柴油机,采用AVL-fire软件对额定工况下,不同乙醇/水掺混比进行三维数值模拟研究,对比分析缸内压力、缸内温度、缸内温度场、燃烧放热率、NOx浓度、NOx浓度场、Soot浓度、Soot浓度场,并通过赋权法确定最优乙醇/水掺混比。结果表明：随着乙醇/水掺混比的增加,缸内压力逐渐升高,燃烧放热率滞后,燃油消耗率呈上升趋势,但在0E10W时,最高燃烧压力下降率约为3.7%;燃油消耗率下降0.38%;缸内高温分布区域缩小,NOx和Soot浓度下降。通过计算确定最优掺混比为20E10W,此时,最高燃烧压力提升5.6%,燃油消耗率上升2.41%,NOx排放下降率约为18.8%,Soot排放下降率约为29.6%。研究结果可为船用柴油机采用柴油/乙醇/水三燃料燃烧提供一定的指导依据。     

非饱和土基质吸力量测试验研究与探讨

土-水特征曲线能够解释非饱和土力学的许多力学特性。土-水特征曲线的获取依赖于试验设备、试验技术、试验方法,土-水特征曲线的准确获取能够促进非饱和土力学的发展。结合目前的非饱和土力学研究,对现有主要非饱和基质吸力量测试验进行了归纳总结。     

高速摄像结合虚拟仪器测量振动及其AVD方法研究

一种高效率、高精度的振动测量和分析方法,该方法不仅可以获得振动参数,还能获得加速度（A）、速度（V）和位移（D）（本文简称AVD值）。与传统方法不同,该方法是基于虚拟仪器及其计算机运行环境的一种非接触测量方法,通过测量与虚拟仪器实现对振动图象的数字化处理和通道扩展,测量完成后除获得震动参量外还可直接获得相关AVD值。通过实验室验证其有效性并准备用于某种发射装置振动特征值的测量。     

基于激光陀螺捷联惯导技术的火炮身管指向系统设计

提出了一种基于激光陀螺捷联惯导技术的火炮身管指向系统的设计方案,采用捷联惯导技术、DSP和FPGA技术、自主标定和误差自动补偿等技术实现了系统的组成和功能,并对系统精度进行了分析。     

滤波方法在反舰导弹高度测量系统中的应用

为了得到更加准确的导弹飞行高度信息,通过组合无线电高度表和加速度计建立一种具有较高精度的导弹高度测量系统。首先对各传感器的特性进行分析;其次,根据传感器测量模型,采用噪声淹没技术建立导弹高度测量系统的状态方程和量测方程;最后,用卡尔曼滤波的方法进行仿真实验,得到高度估计。仿真结果表明,相比用单个传感器的高度测量方式,该方法具有更高的精度。     

旋转惯导捷联算法

针对旋转惯导计算原理,分析了转台测角、测速误差对系统精度的影响。为确定其影响程度,将转台测角、测速误差等效为相应量值的陀螺仪漂移。理论计算和仿真结果表明,转台测量误差特别是测速误差对惯导系统造成较大的影响。提出改进的旋转惯导捷联算法,该算法在姿态更新和导航计算后引入转台转角信息而不涉及转速信息,从算法原理上消除了测速误差对系统精度的影响。     

The Pollution-Routing Problem

The amount of pollution emitted by a vehicle depends on its load and speed, among other factors. This paper presents the Pollution-Routing Problem (PRP), an extension of the classical Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) with a broader and more comprehensive objective function that accounts not just for the travel distance, but also for the amount of greenhouse emissions, fuel, travel times and their costs. Mathematical models are described for the PRP with or without time windows and computational experiments are performed on realistic instances. The paper sheds light on the tradeoffs between various parameters such as vehicle load, speed and total cost, and offers insight on economies of ‘environmental-friendly’ vehicle routing. The results suggest that, contrary to the VRP, the PRP is significantly more difficult to solve to optimality but has the potential of yielding savings in total cost.     

Real time queue length estimation for signalized intersections using travel times from mobile sensors

We study how to estimate real time queue lengths at signalized intersections using intersection travel times collected from mobile traffic sensors. The estimation is based on the observation that critical pattern changes of intersection travel times or delays, such as the discontinuities (i.e., sudden and dramatic increases in travel times) and non-smoothness (i.e., changes of slopes of travel times), indicate signal timing or queue length changes. By detecting these critical points in intersection travel times or delays, the real time queue length can be re-constructed. We first introduce the concept of Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time which is related to the non-smoothness of queuing delay patterns and queue length changes. We then show how measured intersection travel times from mobile sensors can be processed to generate sample vehicle queuing delays. Under the uniform arrival assumption, the queuing delays reduce linearly within a cycle. The delay pattern can be estimated by a linear fitting method using sample queuing delays. Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time can then be obtained from the delay pattern, and be used to estimate the maximum and minimum queue lengths of a cycle, based on which the real-time queue length curve can also be constructed. The model and algorithm are tested in a field experiment and in simulation.     

Click模块化IPv6路由器性能测试方法研究

可重构路由器具有开放的体系结构,可以灵活重构,具有良好的可扩展性.Click提供了一种可重构路由开发软件平台,其基于构件的模块化特性使其在配置路由器及性能测试方面高效、灵活.文中给出了基于Click的模块化路由器性能测试方法,并设计了路由器性能测试的收发包Click结构,应用Click构件对模块化Click IPv6路由器的吞吐量、丢包率及时延进行测试.测试的方法方便灵活,且可用于可重构路由器模块和整体性能的测试.     

塞块专用检具的设计及应用

用通用量具检测铝活塞切槽的几何尺寸效率太低,不能满足批量生产铝活塞的需要,为了提高铝活塞精切槽的检测效率,需自制高精度的塞块进行检测。为缩短塞块的制作和检定周期,本文设计了塞块专用检具,将机械测微比较仪微型化,便于塞块制作者和检验人员进行辅助测量。