A coupled numerical approach to simulate the effect of earthquake frequency content on seismic behavior of submarine tunnel

Roughly 90% of all natural vibrations have epicenters in offshore zones and may cause destruction of submarine and floating structures. Such excitations can influence the safe performance of facilities set up on the seabed, like tunnels, jacket legs and subsea oil pipelines. Some researches on this theme have been carried out to demonstrate the importance of seaquake analyses and their effects have been underlined. The present study intends to numerically simulate a two-dimensional fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem in order to examine the dynamic response of submarine tunnel under real horizontal earthquakes. Pressure is considered as independent nodal variables to represent the fluid flow effects and the induced time-dependent acceleration in porous medium equation is incorporated in the analysis and the tunnel shell is considered as flexible. This work highlights the importance of the input ground motion frequency content that governs the development of the induced seismic stress/strain around the lining of the tunnel. The results demonstrate that for deep sea the increment rate of the circumferential stress caused by surface gravity waves is below 7% when compared to the no-wave interface condition. Moreover, it is confirmed that long-period record may amplify the overall response of the system (up to 60%) specially the lateral and vertical displacements, as well as the principal stress to a lesser extent. The developed numerical model can attend to further analysis of tunnels embedded in a half-space in conjunction with fluid undergoing the severe long-period earthquakes.     

预制节段拼装结构套筒连接检测方法综述

随着我国逐步推进预制节段拼装结构的应用,灌浆套筒作为节段拼装可靠的钢筋连接方式,广泛应用于桥梁建造中。本文介绍了目前钢筋套筒连接使用中的容易产生的缺陷及其影响,针对这些问题,本文介绍了几种主要检测方法,对其检测原理进行了简要阐述,总结了检测效果及其适用范围,并归纳了现有规范中对于这些检测方法的要求。同时对于套筒连接施工中的质量控制,本文以实际工程项目为例提出了一些监控措施。     

基于高低的高速铁路简支梁徐变上拱识别方法

研究目的:现有监测手段难以高效经济地测量高速铁路全线简支梁的徐变上拱量,但可以通过分析轨道动态检测数据实现有效识别。因此,本文选取我国某高速铁路长达7年的检测数据,结合小波分解、极值点搜寻和概率分布拟合,对每一跨简支梁的高低波形进行识别,然后通过波形关键点识别简支梁徐变上拱量,并研究其发展规律。研究结论:(1)波形识别算法对24 m梁和32 m梁的识别准确率分别为94.3%和96.4%;(2)简支梁徐变上拱与混凝土徐变的发展规律相近,利用最小二乘法拟合得到了上拱量发展曲线;(3)在线路开通运营6年后,24 m梁上拱量的中位数在1.5~2.0 mm之间,32 m梁上拱量的中位数在2.0~2.6 mm之间,简支梁徐变上拱的发展趋于平缓,未来的发展空间有限;(4)本研究成果对掌握高铁桥梁变形状态和指导线路养护维修具有参考价值。     

基于改进TOPSIS的城市客运综合交通枢纽评价

城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案的优劣对城市综合交通系统的建设发展具有重大影响。为了提高城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案评价的客观性和准确性,结合城市客运综合交通枢纽客流衔接换乘的系统分析,从多维角度出发构建了城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案评价的多层次指标体系,在遵循方案评价基本原理及城市客运综合交通枢纽特点的基础上,提出了基于改进逼近理想点排序法的评价方法,用于城市客运综合交通枢纽方案的评价,建立城市客运综合交通枢纽综合评价模型。     

基于车辆自动定位数据的有轨电车运行效率分析与应用

结合有轨电车线路的现有车辆自动定位数据,分析有轨电车运行效率及其相关影响因素。其中,影响因素从站台、路段、交叉口3个方面进行考虑。定性分析了不同站台型式、站台位置、交叉口类型的属性特征,并量化不同路段的路段长度、所包含的交叉口个数,同时考虑了交叉口控制策略对有轨电车运行时间的影响。以某已运营的有轨电车线路为例,通过建立多元线性回归模型,从不同层面探究不同因素对已运营有轨电车线路运行效率的影响。最后用模型对有轨电车新建线路的运行效率进行预测,并提出建议。     

A signal decomposition method based on repeated extraction of maximum energy component for offshore structures

Contrary to most signal decomposition methods that usually decompose an original signal into a series of components simultaneously, a novel approach based on repeated extraction of Maximum Energy Component (MEC) is proposed. The approach starts from determination of the MEC referring to the estimated Power Spectral Density (PSD) function, and then represents the MEC by employing an exponential function to fit the original signal. By defining a stopping criterion based on two adjacent estimated PSDs, each MEC can be accurately extracted with an improved performance throughout the entire signal decomposition. To verify the proposed method, a single degree-of-freedom system subject to harmonic loads has been examined. Numerical results show that the analytical response can not only be decomposed into four MECs corresponding to the excitation and the system, respectively, but also provide an accurate estimation of natural frequency and damping ratio of the system. Meanwhile, by observing results from the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Prony based on state-space model (Prony-SS), an improved decomposition accuracy has been achieved from the proposed approach. Furthermore, experimental data from the Norwegian Deepwater Programme and two sets of field-test data from one fixed offshore platform and an offshore wind turbine have been used to demonstrate the correctness of the developed signal decomposition method. It is noted that divergence in results by Prony-SS can be observed when a very large model order is used, while the proposed method provides the better decomposition and reconstruction of signals.     

运营期高速铁路轨道长波不平顺静态测量方法及控制标准

现有高速铁路轨道长波不平顺静态检测主要采用矢距差法或简化矢距差法,存在与检测起点相关、含有里程相位差、基础变形时检测幅值偏大、与车体振动加速度匹配性较差等缺点。利用中点弦测法对轨道长波不平顺进行静态检测,通过对中点弦测法不同测弦长度有效测量波长范围和列车敏感波长分析,采用60 m测弦长度的中点弦测法最适合时速300~350 km运营期高速铁路;利用车辆-轨道动力学仿真分析和最小二乘法拟合相结合方法,提出运营期高速铁路300及350 km·h^-1速度下的轨道长波高低不平顺控制标准,并进行实例验证。结果表明:60 m弦中点弦测法既可保证轨道长波不平顺检测的准确性,又能很好地体现车体振动响应;时速300 km运营期高速铁路轨道长波高低不平顺3级控制标准建议值分别为9,15,21 mm;时速350 km分别为7,11,15 mm。     

海上自主无线电设备(AMRD)技术标准研究

渔网AIS示位标作为我国应用数量最多的海上自主无线电设备(AMRD),能使过往船舶通过AIS船台了解渔网位置,有效减少了船舶与渔网相撞事故的发生,但渔网AIS示位标对船舶避碰、海事监管和AIS系统造成了较大影响。文中在分析相关国际组织研究现状的基础上,提出渔网AIS示位标采用主从模式,一张渔网安装一个主设备和多个从设备,解决渔网AIS示位识别和显示问题,减少渔网AIS示位标的时隙占用,并能够清晰显示渔网的位置和范围,保障船舶航行安全。这种主-从模式也可在其他类型的AMRD上应用。     

S^2 BHCA Multiple AUVs cooperation oriented control architecture

Oceanographic survey, or other similar applications should be the applications of multiple AUVs. In this paper, the skill ＆ simulation based hybrid control architecture （S^2BHCA） as the controller＇s design reference was proposed. It is a multi-robot cooperation oriented intelligent control architecture based on hybrid ideas. The S^2BHCA attempts to incorporate the virtues of the reactive controller and of the deliberative controller by introducing the concept of the ＂skill＂. The additional online task simulation ability for cooperation is supported, too. As an application, a multiple AUV control system was developed with three ＂skills＂ for the MCM mission including two different cooperative tasks. The simulation and the sea trials show that simple task expression, fast reaction and better cooperation support can be achieved by realizing the AUV controller based on the S^2BHCA.     

几种常见形式的等效阶梯截面

针对许多平面杆系桥梁分析软件仅提供梯形分块法的截面尺寸输入方式和截面几何特性已知或者有解析表达式的带有曲边的截面不便直接使用梯形分块法的问题，利用桥梁结构平面计算中截面等效的概念．提出了等效算法，构造了节线数不多于6的等效阶梯截面，推导了等效阶梯截面几何要素的一般计算公式．给出了圆形、圆环等几种常用截面形式的不多于6条节线等效阶梯截面尺寸计算的具体而又简捷的公式。