企业经济发展的动力在于不断创新

该文认为企业在市场中立于不败之地的必然之路是创新,并从思想创新、机制创新和技术创新三个方面分别阐述了创新的内容及措施。     

基于Arduino的车载儿童防滞留系统模拟设计

汽车在给人们出行带来便利的同时也引发了一些儿童安全问题,尤其是由于成人的疏忽而导致儿童被遗忘在车内最终导致死亡的事件频发。针对该问题也曾有研究人员利用不同的软件设计出基于STM32F103、基于MCS-51以及基于ATmega16的防滞留系统等。文章则是基于Arduino系统的原理以及方法设计了一套用于防止儿童被滞留车内的报警系统,并通过模拟实验初步验证了该系统的可行性。     

如何提高建设工程合同管理水平

建筑行业经济风险高,市场竞争激烈、工料机价格涨落、不可预测因素导致成本超支等多种原因,容易引起各类合同纠纷和不稳定因素,影响企业诚信经营和持续发展。解决合同纠纷的关键在于加强合同管理,提高履约能力。该文就建筑企业普遍的合同管理薄弱环节提出解决方法,为提高合同管理水平提供参考。     

“安全金字塔”法则在建筑企业安全管理中的科学运用

美国安全工程师Heinrich早在1931年就提出著名的"安全金字塔"法则。该文尝试对"安全金字塔"法则在建筑施工企业安全生产管理中如何进行科学运用提出若干意见,可供同行一起探讨。     

A General Method for the Evaluation of Vehicle Manoeuvrability with Special Emphasis on Motorcycles

This paper presents a novel approach to the assessment of the manoeuvrability of vehicles which is not based on the simulation of open-loop manoeuvres, nor does it rely on the modelling of the driver as a control system. Instead, the essence of the method is the solution of a two-point optimal control boundary value problem, in which a vehicle, subject to physical constraints like tyre adherence and road borders, among others, is required to go between given initial and final positions as fast as possible. The control inputs - i.e., the driver's actions - that make the vehicle move between the two states in the most efficient way are found as a part of the solution procedure and represent the actions of a sort of ideal, perfect driver. The resulting motion is called the optimal manoeuvre and, besides being the most efficient way that the given vehicle has for travelling between the two points according to the chosen optimal criterion, may be taken as a reference for meaningful comparisons with other vehicles. The value of the penalty function, used to define the optimal condition occurring at the optimal manoeuvre, may be taken as a measure of manoeuvrability or handling. With this approach the manoeuvrability properties are established as intrinsic to the vehicle, being defined with respect to an ideal perfect driver. Some possible forms of the penalty function, which means slightly different concepts of manoeuvrability and handling, are discussed. In the end, the case of motorcycles and some examples of optimal manoeuvres are given.     

A study of locomotive driver's seat vertical suspension system with adjustable damper

This paper shows that laboratory measurements can be used for the identification of structure and parameters of commercial seat vertical suspension system model. A commonly used single-degree-of-freedom suspension model does not suffice. The system model presented is based on Zener's structure and clearly describes the dynamic properties of a vertical seat suspension with an adjustable damper. The model introduced, augmented with seat cushion dynamic model, predicts the seat vertical vibration mitigation properties under field conditions with a reasonable accuracy. Optimisation of the adjustable damper setting is performed using a two-objective function optimisation technique. This enables us to optimise not only the exerted vertical vibration acceleration but also the seat relative vertical displacement (stroke). Optimisation was facilitated for the particular suspended seat without the requirement of further field measurements. In addition, a two-parameter optimisation was performed showing possible further improvement in both objectives at the manufacturer's discretion. This study could be representative of driver's seats equipped with vertical seat suspension system using an air-spring and an adjustable damper.     

Comparative analysis of traveler destination choice models by method of sampling alternatives

In a destination choice model, it is important to introduce alternatives that have been adequately aggregated into traffic analysis zone levels based on spatial similarities and feasibility of analysis, because considering every spatial location possible for the traveler as an elemental alternative is intractable in terms of data management and analysis. In this study, we derive strata for alternative sets through simple random sampling and stratified importance sampling based on the concept of Moran’s I. As a result of comparative analysis, we are able to reduce errors by drawing an adequate number of samples for the destination choice model’s choice alternative sets based on measures of spatial similarity.     

Platooning for sustainable freight transportation: an adoptable practice in the near future?

ABSTRACT

Platooning is an emerging transportation practice that has the potential to solve the problems of the burgeoning transportation industry. A platoon is a group of vehicles, with vehicle to vehicle communication, that travel closely behind one another such that the platoon can accelerate, brake and cruise together. Platoons can improve road safety, be energy efficient and reduce costs. Its complete socio-economic benefits include congestion mitigation, smoother traffic flow, better lane usage and throughput, incentives for green logistics and driver safety. The long-term effect of platooning on road transportation, if extensively deployed, would be better organised traffic flow and efficient tracking of vehicles on the road ushering a multilevel positive impact on the industry. In this study, we attempt to answer the critical question of whether platooning is an adoptable practice in the near future and discuss an agenda to take platooning closer to implementation on the ground by highlighting the opportunities for future research. We also present a conceptual framework to help researchers, academicians, policy makers and practitioners for the adoption of platooning into the transportation industry.     

浅析无锡中小物流企业联盟发展

本文叙述了无锡货运市场发展现状,股权参与式物流企业联盟的类型,剖析了苏盟物流和无锡众盟物流的实体联盟合作模式、联盟发展特点和联盟发展存在的问题。最后提出政府采取措施应助推联盟发展,联盟自身发展应建立有效的组织机构、建设统一的信息平台和制定联盟统一的技术标准来提高货运组织能力和效率。     

西江大风对船舶航行的影响及预防措施

西江大风天气时常威胁着船舶的航行安全,易造成西江航运海难事故。文章介绍了西江大风天气的特征,分析了西江大风对船舶航行的影响,并提出建立天气预警系统和提高船舶防御能力的预防措施。