A dispatching decision support system for countering delay propagation in intermodal logistics networks

This paper specifies a dispatching decision support system devoted to managing intermodal logistics operations while countering delay and delay propagation. When service disruptions occur within a logistics network where schedule coordination is employed, a dispatching control model determines through an optimization process whether each ready outbound vehicle should be dispatched immediately or held to wait for some late incoming vehicles. Decisions should consider potential missed-connection costs that may occur not only at the next transfer terminals but also at hubs located further downstream. Numerical examples and a sensitivity analysis with different slack time settings for attenuating delay propagation are presented.     

A systematic review of disability’s treatment in the active school travel and children’s independent mobility literatures

While various forms of social difference (e.g. gender, age, race/ethnicity, and class) have been engaged in the active school travel (AST) and children’s independent mobility (CIM) literatures, one form has gone largely unconsidered: disability. Disregard for disability within these literatures is troubling, as it leaves children’s experiences of disability associated with independent mobility and school travel unquestioned, which in turn helps to allow their experiences of exclusion to persist. This paper presents a systematic review of the AST and CIM literatures that was undertaken with a view to providing insight into three questions. (1) To what extent is disability considered in the literatures in comparison to other forms of social difference? (2) How is disability engaged? (3) How could disability be approached differently such that experiences of children (and their households) living with disability are better accounted for moving forward (e.g. provided with equitable travel/mobility options)? Following a detailed consideration of the systematic review process, this paper presents figures and tables showing the extent to which disability has been considered in the two literatures in relation to other forms of social difference. To show how transport scholars and others are engaging disability, 29 studies were identified for in-depth, qualitative review. These studies are summarized and then discussed in relation to their geographic focus, the forms of disability they considered, their treatment of children’s perspective and agency, and the disability perspectives they employed. It is suggested that disability and its relationships with other forms of social difference, as well as the largely unquestioned normalcy of children’s disability experiences, warrant further inquiry within the AST and CIM literatures. We propose that drawing upon a critical ableist studies perspective may be useful for any such inquiry due to its focus on ableism and normalcy, as well as its recognition of the complex intersectionality of disability experiences.     

基于过程管理理念的施工企业投标管理

对于时间紧、任务重的投标项目,施工企业往往在短时间内不能编制出高质量的标书,并造成投标过程中的管理混乱。应用过程管理的方法是解决这种问题的措施之一。该文根据投标管理的顺序,从项目全过程管理、标书制作过程管理以及标价调整管理三个方面论述了投标过程管理的方法。     

企业导入逆向物流之考量因素——以纺织业为例

企业为发展经济效益时,在供应链架构中所产生的废弃物,碍於仓管空间的缺乏与处理中心技术之欠缺,逆向物流受到社会各界的广泛关注。为探讨企业导入逆向物流之考量因素,以传统产业——纺织业为例,透过问卷调查之结果,得到重要因素之权重,并透过企业访谈针对产业产品特性及现行逆向物流实施之流程。结果期能让企业在导入逆物流的同时,考量产业特性并重要考量因素投入适当资源,得到完整供应链循环。     

基于模糊数学的应急物流绩效评估方法研究

按照应急物流绩效评价原则,构建了一套应急物流绩效衡量的指标体系,并应用层次分析法（AHP）确定各个层次的指标权重,采用专家打分法建立评价指标集,运用模糊聚类法对应急物流绩效进行评价,实现了对指标体系的量化。研究结果表明,该评估方法使应急物流绩效的衡量更具整体性、可比性、实用性和易操作性。     

汽车强国战略视角下的本土企业定位分析

汽车产业在国民经济中占有重要地位,为了实现我国经济转型升级,建设汽车强国是别无他途的战略选择。本土企业是汽车强国战略中的核心要素,本文从产业主导权和控制权、本土企业区别于外国企业的主人翁精神和民族使命感、核心技术掌控主体、中国的大国地位和汽车产业的重要性等方面对本土企业的定位进行了分析。分析表明,汽车强国必须以本土企业为基础,坚持"既求所在、更求所有",中国汽车产业能否做强,最终取决于本土企业的作为。     

需求变动下的冷链品配送路径规划

为探讨顾客需求变动下冷链品配送路径的规划与优化模型选择问题,首先以带时间窗的车辆路径问题模型为基础,构建了以配送总成本最小化为目标的冷链品配送模型;然后,通过节约算法进行配送路径的优化;最后,通过算例比较了运用随机性配送模型(考量顾客需求的变动)与确定性配送模型(使用给定需求期望值)所规划的优化路径及其差异.结果显示,当顾客需求波动幅度较大时,随机性模型规划优于确定性模型,当顾客需求波动幅度较小时,确定性模型规划优于随机性模型;此外,随着需求变动程度的增大,两种模型所得出的配送总成本都会相应增加,因此,最后提出了降低顾客需求不确定性的相关建议.     

两种压浆材料在旧路处治中的应用研究

结合耒宜高速公路大修工程,对本项目旧路处治采用的2种压浆材料进行研究,从病害调查、压浆材料的配合比与性能试验、压浆处置工艺流程、质量检测方法等方面对2种压浆材料进行探讨,为高速公路及其它公路的维修与旧路处治提供参考价值。     

地震次生滑坡灾害下的公路应急物流配送

首先通过物资预测方法得到每个时段受灾地区的救灾物资数量,然后使用模糊聚类方法基于物资需求紧急程度对灾区进行分组,并使用灾变指数方法得到了地震次生滑坡灾害风险,通过优化运输的快速和安全性寻找供需点之间的最佳路径,最后使用模糊多目标规划的方法构建优化模型,其目标函数分别为最大化物资配送的紧急性、公平性以及有效性.论文以玉树...     

公共卫生事件持续期通勤合乘设计及组织效率影响分析

为探究城市公共卫生事件下,考虑特殊时期的交通服务需求,通勤合乘模式解决通勤出行的可行性及组织效率,以2020年新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎（新冠肺炎）疫情为背景,基于疫情期乘客出行偏好网络问卷调研数据,分析民众出行偏好及对不同出行模式的暴露风险感知。意愿调研显示,71%的私家车主及无私家车群体均对与同单位人员发生合乘有较高的参与意愿,60%的私家车主表示愿意提供合乘服务,73%的无私家车通勤人群表示愿意接受合乘服务。在单位层面组织通勤合乘,有需求、有条件、有基础,具有良好可行性。以问卷数据为基础构建二元Logit模型对合乘出行驱动因素影响分析,研究发现疫情持续期出行者对交通方式主观感知风险将对合乘选择行为影响较为显著。结合出行群体在疫情持续期的交通方式选择偏好,提出基于健康管理的通勤合乘组织设计的公益互助、安心、用户群体固定、预约共享、合乘人数控制原则和服务水平要求。通过不同场景下合乘仿真,对该模式的预期效率进行解析,得出由单位组织的通勤合乘模式相较商业顺风车而言,前者“N对1”的配对需求与后者“N对N”配对相比,大幅提高了配对成功率。在不同拥车率条件下,存在一个成行率较高的合理员工规模,且该合理规模不是很大。员工住地较为分散的成行率均低于住地聚集场景,当拥车率达到65%的水平时,不论员工住地分布集聚还是分散,均可达到较高的成行率。面对公共卫生事件持续期,探索通过城市交通组织模式创新来破解通勤的流动需求与风险管控难题,为城市治理提供参考。