高速公路对沿线环境的影响及应采取的措施

高速公路建设与环境保护工作涉及面广．社会经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，也对环境保护工作提出了更高的要求和标准，因而必须加大公路环境保护工作的力度，从宣传教育入手，通过科学管理、技术进步，对高速公路建设的环保问题进行周密设计，精心施工，严格验收。公路工作者亦应牢固树立环境保护意识，坚持可持续发展战略，为公路事业的发展而共同努力。     

高速公路收费传输网络的防病毒安全策略浅析

计算机病毒是高速公路收费网络数据和应用系统安全的主要隐患之一。随着我省高速公路规模的不断扩大,传统的完全依赖商品化防毒软件的思想,不足以抗拒日益猖獗的计算机病毒。试图在收费网络整体建设思想上,对我省高速公路传输网络上的防病毒安全策略进行一些探讨。     

高速公路企业文化建设的几点思考

从高速公路建设的自身规律出发，简要论述了高速公路企业文化建设的工作理念、目标、方针、原则、措施及准则。     

缆索护栏在锡盟宝三高速公路上的适应性分析

针对宝三高速公路采用何种护栏方式既能满足高速公路规范要求和安全需要又能最大限度地减少后期运营成本进行了多次探讨和完善,最终确定中央分隔带全部采用波形梁护栏,路侧直线低路基地段尝试性地采用了柔性缆索护栏。经过寒冷冬季雪情实践证明,采用缆索护栏总体效果较好,冬季养护成本较低,安全性更有保障。文章从冬季养护成本方面探讨缆索护栏在锡盟地区高速公路的适应性和应用前景。     

An extended generalized filter algorithm for urban expressway traffic time estimation based on heterogeneous data

Travel time estimation and its variation for urban expressways are vital to both the information provision to road users, and the system evaluation and management for traffic administrators. Fruitful research efforts have been made to develop methodologies of reconstructing spatiotemporal traffic states mainly for freeways based on one or multiple data sources. However, few studies specifically focused on urban expressways. There are more intensive merging and diverging traffic due to short distances between ramps, for example, 300–500 m. Based on the empirical analysis of traffic data collected on a typical segment of a congested urban expressway, this study proposes an extended generalized filter algorithm for the urban expressway traffic state estimation based on heterogeneous data. More specifically, the multiple sources of data include both fixed sensor data (e.g., inductive loops or radar data) and global positioning system (GPS) probe vehicle data. This study compares the proposed algorithm and the traditional algorithm for freeways using data collected on the segment of expressway in Beijing, China. Results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method, as well as its feasibility and effectiveness.     

青藏铁路多年冻土区路基工程施工方法

青藏铁路多年冻土区路基工程具有海拔高、气压低、空气稀薄、气候严寒、地质条件和水质条件复杂,以及生态环境脆弱等特点,其施工方法不同于一般低海拔非冻土地区路基施工方法。此文根据青藏铁路设计施工科研攻关成果和现场施工经验,对多年冻土区路基路堤、路堑及过渡段路基等工程施工方法进行分析论证,对今后多年冻土区工程建设有一定的参考作用。     

加强和改进新形势下党的宣传思想工作——学习江泽民同志关于宣传思想工作的论述

在新形势下加强和改进宣传思想工作，首先要深刻认识新时期宣传思想工作新的特殊重要性，要明确把握新形势下宣传思想工作的主要任务和基本要求，要坚持党的十四大以来形成的宣传思想工作的方针原则，要进一步加强党对宣传思想工作的领导。     

生态工法在国内外公路工程中的应用和启示

介绍生态工法的内涵、发展历史、工法实例及在国内外公路建设中的应用，提出一些工作建议，并指出：在观念上要从人定胜天向善待自然、尊重自然转变；在建设工法上应从“传统工法”向“生态工法”转变。     

百丈隧道穿越流塑状富水破碎带施工措施及其安全性评价

百丈隧道左洞ZK152+433~ZK152+463段穿越流塑状富水破碎带施工时反复出现变形侵限、塌方等情况,给工程施工带来前所未有的挑战。文章详细阐述了施工过程中采取的各种处治措施,总结了不同处治方案和效果,并采用数值分析方法对隧道结构安全性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)对于流塑状富水破碎带,加密超前支护是防止开挖时围岩出现较大变形或者坍塌的最有效措施。百丈隧道流塑状富水破碎带最终采用了每榀钢架(钢架间距50 cm)都打设一环3.5 m长?51自进式锚杆的超前支护方式,即每个断面都有7层超前支护,最终有效控制了开挖后围岩变形,避免衬砌侵限与塌方;(2)对于流塑状富水破碎带,加固围岩尤其是边墙与基底处围岩非常重要,可有效减少开挖过程中衬砌的整体式下沉。采用抛石挤淤+注浆的方式进行边墙与基底围岩加固,其效果比采用单纯注浆方式好得多;(3)对于外部荷载较明确的隧道,采用计算分析结合工程经验的方式确定衬砌支护参数,既能保证隧道结构安全,又使其经济合理;(4)在双车道隧道施工中,采用三台阶法施工,应尽量缩短台阶长度,使初期支护及时封闭成环,从而可以较好地控制围岩变形。     

Splash zone lowering analysis of a large subsea spool piece

Lifting operation though the wave splash zone is challenging. Careful numerical analysis in the design phase is needed to minimize associated risks. This study addresses numerical modeling and analysis of the splash zone lowering of a large subsea spool. A typical offshore construction vessel is used for the operation. The objective is to compare the effects from different numerical methods and parameters on the allowable sea states and the operability. These methods and parameters include wave short-crestedness, shielding effects from the vessel, wave direction and wave seed number. A coupled numerical model of the spool-vessel system is established in SIMO program, which is a simulation tool for marine operations. Slamming and submergence-dependent loads on the spool during the transient lowering process are calculated. A large number of time-domain simulations has been performed to derive the allowable sea states. The operational criteria for assessment of the sea states include slack sling, snap loads in wires and clearance between spool and the vessel. Operability analysis of the operation at one reference site in the Barent Sea is established using 50-year hindcast data. The influences from different methods on the allowable sea states and the operability are compared and discussed in detail.