液化石油气(LPG)汽车的优点及存在的问题

液化石油气（英文缩写为LPG）做为一种新型的能源,可以有效地治理汽车尾气污染．改善大气环境。本文阐述了LPG汽车的优点及工作中存在的若干问题,并提出解决办法。     

基于密度半径自适应选择的K-均值聚类算法

K-均值算法聚类速度快,易于实现,且对数据依赖度低,在文本聚类中得到广泛应用.然而,由于聚类初始中心点选择的随机性,传统K-均值算法以及其变种的聚类结果会产生较大的波动.文章对K-均值算法进行了改进,通过自适应选择最佳密度半径进而优化聚类初始中心选择的方法,得到一种适合文本数据聚类分析的改进算法.实验表明,该算法能够生成质量较高而且波动性较小的聚类结果.     

基于DR-System的存贮路径问题研究

本文研究的是基于DR-System的存贮路径问题,即综合考虑配送中心订货成本、配送成本、配送中心和客户库存持有成本的最小化问题．本文提出井运用启发式算法来求解谊问题．首先把问题分解为两个子问题,即配送中心的订货问题和客户的配送问题,分别求解得到问题的初始解;然后,通过分析客户配送提前对总成本的影响,来改进初始解,从而得到谊问题的一个满意解．     

公路工程监理市场面临的问题与解决的措施

分析了公路工程监理市场存在的问题及问题产生的原因,针对性地提出了解决问题的措施。     

Locating rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system

To determine the spatial distribution of rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system, this paper proposes a facility location and network design model. The model is developed as a multi-objective programing problem that considers four objectives (minimizing cyclist risk, maximizing cyclist comfort, minimizing adverse impacts on traffic and maximizing service coverage) and multiple constraints (monetary budget, network connectivity, station spacing, bikeway types, station number and value ranges of decision variables). The ε-constraint method solves the programing problem for the public bike system in Daan District, Taipei City, Taiwan. The nine non-dominated alternatives generated are all markedly better than existing locations of rental stations and bikeways. Scenario analysis results indicate that increasing the construction budget for bikeways significantly improves cyclist safety and comfort whilst increasing the adverse impact on traffic. Planners can use this model to develop public bike systems that spatially integrate rental stations and bikeway networks.     

The Storage Space Allocation Problem at a Container Terminal

Due to the asymmetry between the time required to retrieve a container to vessel and the time required to register a container at the gate, the storage space allocation problem solves the best allocation policy of these containers that minimizes the potential number of gantry movements during the assigning process and the future retrieval process. A decision rule-based heuristic is proposed, and three properties are discovered in this research. Comprehensive numerical experiments show that the proposed heuristic can solve the real-sized instances within a second, making it possible to account for uncertainty because the re-optimization effort is negligible. Moreover, when applying the proposed heuristic to a container yard at the Port of Kaohsiung in Taiwan and considering the extreme cases, the heuristic performs even better when the number of containers increases and still requires less than 1 s to solve these extreme cases. Finally, the proposed heuristic can be applied to different layouts of storage space and various material handling machines.     

制动器在水力式升船机中的应用

依托景洪升船机工程,探讨水力式升船机制动器的应用。通过对比分析电力驱动和水力驱动式升船机制动器的布置特点及工作方式,阐述制动器在水力式升船机中面临的新的技术问题,据此对水力式升船机制动器的制动力、同步性以及制动方式提出设计指标和要求,并探讨制动器的使用范围。建议水力式升船机制动器采用常开式,升船机正常运行时,制动器在船厢上、下游对接时投入使用。     

道路运输行业安全监管现状分析及对策研究

结合道路运输行业安全监管现状,从道路运输行业安全监管职责和内容、监管方式、安全检查方面对道路运输行业安全监管存在的问题进行分析,并有针对性的提出了相应的建议和对策。     

Estimation of origin-destination matrices from link counts and sporadic routing data

Estimation of origin-destination (OD) matrices from link count data is a challenging problem because of the highly indeterminate relationship between the observations and the latent route flows. Conversely, estimation is straightforward if we observe the path taken by each vehicle. We consider an intermediate problem of increasing practical importance, in which link count data is supplemented by routing information for a fraction of vehicles on the network. We develop a statistical model for these combined data sources and derive some tractable normal approximations thereof. We examine likelihood-based inference for these normal models under the assumption that the probability of vehicle tracking is known. We show that the likelihood theory can be non-standard because of boundary effects, and provide conditions under which such irregular behaviour will be observed in practice. For regular cases we outline connections with existing generalised least squares methods. We then consider estimation of OD matrices under estimated and/or misspecified models for the probability of vehicle tracking. Theoretical developments are complemented by simulation experiments and an illustrative example using a section of road network from the English city of Leicester.     

国产长输管道焊接施工装备研究

近年来,长输油气管道焊接施工装备技术快速发展,大量新型管道施工装备投入管道工程现场应用,比如管道全位置自动焊机、管道管端坡口机、管道内环缝自动焊机已被分别用于管口焊接、坡口加工、管口组对。在大厚壁、高钢级、大口径管道施工中,这些设备既提高了管道施工效率,也提高了管口的焊接质量。根据实际应用情况,阐述了前述设备的结构、性能和其他技术特点,以使相关技术人员对国产管道施工装备有进一步的认识。