上海别克凯越轿车刮水系统原理及故障诊断

简述上海别克凯越轿车刮水系统工作原理,分析其控制电路,详细介绍该系统常见故障的诊断与排除方法。     

大众轿车无分电器点火系统故障诊断与检修

阐述无分电器点火系统的分类与基本原理,以奥迪A6为例介绍大众轿车无分电器点火系统的构成、故障诊断与检修方法。     

Fault tolerant nonlinear control with applications to an automated transit bus

This paper presents an integrated structure for a passive and active fault tolerant control (FTC) design approach in the framework of a robust nonlinear control technique called Dynamic Surface Control (DSC). As motivated by the automated vehicle application, we consider two categories of possible faults: pre-specified (a priori) and non-specified faults. It is first shown that DSC can be considered as a passive FTC approach in the sense that it gives simultaneous robust stability to a set of nonlinear systems even in the presence of model uncertainties and the pre-specified faults. Then, the non-specified fault is classified depending on the fault’s impact on the closed-loop system and isolatability from a fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) system. If a fault is both intolerable and isolatable, an active FTC approach is taken which includes FDD and controller reconfiguration. More specifically, trajectory reconfiguration is considered to accommodate the actuator fault, i.e., to compensate for the performance loss due to the fault within the framework of a switched hierarchical structure. Finally, the integrated structure for the longitudinal control of an automated transit bus is designed through the proposed method. Simulation results of the fault tolerant controller are shown for both single and multiple multiplicative faults. This controller was implemented on the California PATH transit buses in a demonstration of automated public transportation technology in San Diego, California in August of 2003.     

Fault-tolerant control of heavy-haul trains

The fault-tolerant control (FTC) of heavy-haul trains is discussed on the basis of the speed regulation proposed in previous works. The fault modes of trains are assumed and the corresponding fault detection and isolation (FDI) are studied. The FDI of sensor faults is based on a geometric approach for residual generators. The FDI of a braking system is based on the observation of the steady-state speed. From the difference of the steady-state speeds between the fault system and the faultless system, one can get fault information. Simulation tests were conducted on the suitability of the FDIs and the redesigned speed regulators. It is shown that the proposed FTC does not explicitly worsen the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faultless system, while it obviously improves the performance of the speed regulator in the case of a faulty system.     

Fault classification method for the driving safety of electrified vehicles

A fault classification method is proposed which has been applied to an electric vehicle. Potential faults in the different subsystems that can affect the vehicle directional stability were collected in a failure mode and effect analysis. Similar driveline faults were grouped together if they resembled each other with respect to their influence on the vehicle dynamic behaviour. The faults were physically modelled in a simulation environment before they were induced in a detailed vehicle model under normal driving conditions. A special focus was placed on faults in the driveline of electric vehicles employing in-wheel motors of the permanent magnet type. Several failures caused by mechanical and other faults were analysed as well. The fault classification method consists of a controllability ranking developed according to the functional safety standard ISO 26262. The controllability of a fault was determined with three parameters covering the influence of the longitudinal, lateral and yaw motion of the vehicle. The simulation results were analysed and the faults were classified according to their controllability using the proposed method. It was shown that the controllability decreased specifically with increasing lateral acceleration and increasing speed. The results for the electric driveline faults show that this trend cannot be generalised for all the faults, as the controllability deteriorated for some faults during manoeuvres with low lateral acceleration and low speed. The proposed method is generic and can be applied to various other types of road vehicles and faults.     

某轮主机冷却水压力波动故障分析及处理

某轮主机进入高负荷运行，达到某一负荷时会突然出现冷却水压力波动。故障现象及原因都比较特殊。通过对这一故障的分析及处理，发现了船舶管理中存在的一些问题。本文对此进行了论述。以利同行借鉴。同时提出了提高船舶管理水平的有益建议。     

铁道车辆轴箱弹簧断裂故障对动力学性能的影响

车辆运行过程中,当轴箱弹簧突发断裂故障,会造成动力学状态和性能突变,一系悬挂刚度突然减小,暂时失去承载能力,会威胁车辆行车安全。结合整车的动力学仿真,建立了轴箱弹簧断裂过程的力学模型,对整个断裂过程进行仿真,模拟了轴箱弹簧突然断裂工况下车辆动力学性能变化,分析了轴箱弹簧断裂条件下车辆直线行车安全性以及曲线通过安全性。计算分析结果表明:轴箱弹簧突然断裂导致一系悬挂刚度剧变,引起轮轨垂向力先减小后增大,轮重减载率、脱轨系数等参数增大直至超限,但对轮轨横向力影响不大。     

GSM-R综合网络管理系统中故障管理的研究与实现

围绕GSM-R综合网络管理系统中的故障管理展开研究,首先介绍综合网络管理系统的概念和体系结构,然后从功能和体系结构两方面入手,提出GSM-R综合网络管理系统的结构模型.通过深入分析GSM-R通信系统在故障管理的功能需求,给出告警信息处理流程和告警功能模块的具体设计方案.     

基于可信性理论的电气化铁路接触网可靠性的模糊评估

首先基于故障树分析法建立了接触网系统的可靠性模型,在大量调研和统计分析的基础上,用梯形模糊变量描述接触线、承力索和绝缘子的故障率和修复率,用三角形模糊变量描述接触网其他部件的故障率和修复率,将接触网系统的故障率、修复率和可用度等可靠性指标视为随机模糊函数,利用可信度理论实现了接触网可靠性的模糊评估。计算结果表明,只要掌握各部件故障率和修复率的大致分布,就可以较准确地计算接触网系统的可靠性指标,误差满足工程精度的要求。     

上海轨道交通3号线列车综合管理系统

介绍了上海轨道变通3号线列车技术参数、列车编组等概况.描述了列车综合管理系统的结构,分为列车级和单元级两级列车监控系统.介绍了监控信息的分类及信息数据结构,并分析了监控信息的三种功能:故障/安全监控功能,非安全性监控功能,所有列车故障和非正常状态的收集、记录、显示功能.