微表处应用于隧道路面的新型组合结构研究

鉴于我国对隧道路面结构和材料的研究比较薄弱而提出的隧道路面新的结构组合型式，即在贫混凝土基层水泥混凝土路面上加铺一层微表处，这对于提高路面使用性能有一定的帮助。     

Development of a new time domain-based algorithm for train detection and axle counting

This paper presents an innovative train detection algorithm, able to perform the train localisation and, at the same time, to estimate its speed, the crossing times on a fixed point of the track and the axle number. The proposed solution uses the same approach to evaluate all these quantities, starting from the knowledge of generic track inputs directly measured on the track (for example, the vertical forces on the sleepers, the rail deformation and the rail stress). More particularly, all the inputs are processed through cross-correlation operations to extract the required information in terms of speed, crossing time instants and axle counter. This approach has the advantage to be simple and less invasive than the standard ones (it requires less equipment) and represents a more reliable and robust solution against numerical noise because it exploits the whole shape of the input signal and not only the peak values. A suitable and accurate multibody model of railway vehicle and flexible track has also been developed by the authors to test the algorithm when experimental data are not available and in general, under any operating conditions (fundamental to verify the algorithm accuracy and robustness). The railway vehicle chosen as benchmark is the Manchester Wagon, modelled in the Adams VI-Rail environment. The physical model of the flexible track has been implemented in the Matlab and Comsol Multiphysics environments. A simulation campaign has been performed to verify the performance and the robustness of the proposed algorithm, and the results are quite promising. The research has been carried out in cooperation with Ansaldo STS and ECM Spa.     

斜井盾构推进系统的栽头调整能力研究

为降低斜井掘进过程中盾构推进系统在栽头调整上存在的主观性与不确定性,从地基沉降量的角度入手,提出栽头的沉降量描述,并基于温克尔弹性地基模型,建立斜井盾构栽头的沉降量描述模型。然后结合载荷对于栽头调整的影响,进一步建立用于描述斜井盾构推进系统栽头调整能力的数学模型,并给出其上下限值的计算条件。基于栽头调整能力的数学模型,以内蒙古新街台格庙煤矿斜井工程为背景,研究隧道设计坡角变化对栽头调整能力的影响。结果表明： 1）随着下坡角度不断增大,推进系统的栽头调整能力的上下限不断下降; 2）随着下坡角度不断增大,盾构下滑力的迅速增长是造成推进系统栽头调整能力不断下降的主要原因。     

玄武岩纤维筋水泥混凝土路面光纤观测分析

结合理论研究成果,通过在纵向设置分布式光纤传感器,分析由于温度变化引起的纵筋内部应力变化情况;同时通过加载试验,了解玄武岩纤维连续配筋水泥混凝土路面在荷载作用下内部应力的变化情况,与理论计算结果进行比较,并修正理论分析模型,使得理论分析与实际受力相吻合。     

AUV均衡系统设计及垂直面运动控制研究

针对AUV传统均衡调节系统存在难以克服的缺陷而无法实用的问题,设计了一种新型液压均衡系统。该系统主要由油箱和安装在AUV轴线上的两个油囊组成,通过调节油箱和油囊的油量来调节AUV的姿态和浮态。同时在简化AUV垂直面运动模型的基础上,构建了深度控制、纵倾控制和浮态控制模型,并基于PID和均衡系统设计了深度控制、纵倾控制和浮态控制方法。仿真结果表明在无干扰和有干扰两种情况下,设计的均衡系统能有效控制AUV的垂直面运动;建立的AUV垂直面运动控制模型符合AUV运行特性;PID控制算法适合海流干扰下的AUV均衡控制,且具有良好的控制品质。     

Heavy vehicle pitch dynamics and suspension tuning. Part I: unconnected suspension

The influence of suspension tuning of passenger cars on bounce and pitch ride performance has been explored in a number of studies, while only minimal efforts have been made for establishing similar rules for heavy vehicles. This study aims to explore pitch dynamics and suspension tunings of a two-axle heavy vehicle with unconnected suspension, which could also provide valuable information for heavy vehicles with coupled suspensions. Based on a generalised pitch-plane model of a two-axle heavy vehicle integrating either unconnected or coupled suspension, three dimensionless measures of suspension properties are defined and analysed—namely the pitch margin (PM), pitch stiffness ratio (PSR), and coupled pitch stiffness ratio (CPSR)—for different unconnected suspension tunings and load conditions. Dynamic responses of the vehicle with three different load conditions and five different tunings of the unconnected suspension are obtained under excitations arising from three different random road roughness conditions and a wide range of driving speeds, and braking manoeuvres. The responses are evaluated in terms of performance measures related to vertical and pitch ride, dynamic tyre load, suspension travel, and pitch-attitude control characteristics of the vehicle. Fundamental relationships between the vehicle responses and the proposed suspension measures (PM, PSR, and CPSR) are established, based on which some basic suspension tuning rules for heavy vehicles with unconnected suspensions are also proposed.     

聚酯纤维对沥青混合料性能影响的研究

选用进口和国产两种聚酯纤维，通过对掺与不掺聚酯纤维的相同级配沥青混合料的高温稳定性、水稳定性、低温抗裂性及抗疲劳性能的室内对比试验研究，探讨了纤维增强沥青混合料的强度形成机理，较全面认识了纤维沥青混合料的性能。试验表明，聚酯纤维对沥青混合料的多种性能均有所改善，可在工程中参考使用。     

火灾受损桥梁检测评估与加固处理

介绍回弹 超声综合法在检测评定桥梁结构遭受火灾损伤中的应用。结合实例,给出应用碳纤维布补强技术对其加固处理的方法,并通过桥梁静载试验证实加固取得了很好的效果,其思路可为处理同类病害的桥梁提供有益的参考。     

高速公路钢纤维混凝土试验路面中钢纤维分布规律的研究

从云南省曲靖～陆良高速公路微扭剪切型钢纤维增强混凝土试验路面中纤维分布的实际情况出发，应用计算机图像技术，编制钢纤维分布细观几何参数的计算机测试系统，研究了钢纤维分布的细观几何参数，分析了钢纤维混凝土路面中钢纤维的分布规律。依据随机数学和体视学原理，建立了钢纤维分布随机过程的数学模型，研究了钢纤维的动态转移过程。研究结果表明，剪切型钢纤维混凝土试验路面中钢纤维细观几何参数具有负偏斜的正态分布规律，文中所建立的钢纤维分布数学模型能较好地描述钢纤维在混凝土基体中的分布情况。     

跨海大桥混凝土抗裂的技术措施

通过调查钢筋混凝土桥梁发现,现有的桥梁混凝土基本上都有不同程度的开裂现象。研究表明,高性能混凝土虽然其本身的力学性能和耐久性满足跨海大桥混凝土技术要求,但其开裂的风险随之大幅度增加。因此,只有提高高性能混凝土抗裂能力才能充分发挥其高抗氯离子渗透性能的特性。试验结果表明,在掺活性掺合料高性能混凝土中掺加一定量合成纤维可以使混凝土或砂浆减裂95%以上,并可以提高混凝土耐久性。