基于可持续发展的城市轨道交通盈利模式研究

以研究城市轨道交通的行业属性和经济特点为起点,以城市轨道交通可持续发展为目标,根据交易费用和外部性理论等经济学理论,应用效益-成本分析工具,归纳出"地铁经营 效益返还"盈利模式,深入分析该模式的理论基础;从实践可操作性的角度,提出"地铁经营 物业发展"的应用模式,并以香港地铁的盈利及投融资模式为案例进行实证分析.     

中小企业融资困难成因分析

近年来,我国中小企业得到迅猛发展,但是中小企业融资难的呼声也越来越高。通过对中小企业融资现状、融资渠道进行分析,找出影响中小企业健康发展的原因。     

农村公路多元化筹资的必然性分析

运用公共管理学和公共经济学等学科知识分析农村公路的公共产品属性,指出传统单一的融资方式已经不能适应今后农村公路发展的需要,分析了农村公路的供给主体及多元化筹资的必然性。     

论农村公路建设与养护

针对目前我国农村公路建设与养护的现状和存在的问题,指出农村公路建设和养护管理的意义,主要从建立建设和养护管理制度、加强建设和养护工作的资金管理两个方面提出了提高农村公路建设和养护管理水平的措施。     

Developing Metro Systems in the People’s Republic of China: Policy and Gaps

Rapid urbanization has taken place in China since the Open Policy in 1978. In face of the growing demand for mobility in large cities, new metro systems were developed in large cities like Guangzhou and Shanghai. At present, there are seven cities with 10 metro lines under construction. What are the policy issues and major challenges of developing metro systems in China? This paper systematically reviews the current situation and highlights three major gaps that Chinese cities have to overcome in planning metro systems. They are the technology gap, the financing gap and the affordability gap. A discussion of these gaps in the Chinese context leads us to the conclusion that early planning and careful studies are important in the development of metro systems in China. Moreover, the existing official criteria (population and economic power) for approving the building of metro systems are insufficient and should be supplemented by more vigorous evaluation criteria.     

市郊铁路投融资模式选择策略研究

未来大规模的市郊铁路建设将给地方政府带来融资难题。针对市郊铁路的投融资困境,结合项目特点,基于全生命周期理念建立了由项目总体融资模式、初始融资模式和再融资模式三个选择层面构成的市郊铁路投融资模式选择体系。分析了多种投融资模式在市郊铁路建设和运营中的应用。     

船舶融资租赁风险及保障机制

随着中国经济结构的调整,船舶融资租赁作为一种新的融资渠道,具有广阔发展前景。本文主要探讨与之相关的经营性风险、金融风险、政治风险和自然灾害风险及对策,以保障各方当事人的利益。     

完善我国中小企业融资的信用体系

中小企业在各国(或地区)的经济活动中,有着极其重要的地位,对于促进经济发展也发挥着很重要的作用,在保证国民经济持续健康发展和维护社会稳定方面,发挥着越来越大的作用。但是,现阶段中小企业融资难成为了我国中小企业发展过程中的瓶颈,笔者尝试从完善信用体系的角度,提出了相应解决我国中小企业难的对策。     

宁波-舟山港口一体化建设的投融资模式分析

宁波-舟山港口一体化的关键之一是港口建设中的投融资问题。巨大的资金来源必须采取多种投融资模式，而最主要的是提高民资所占比重和实施地主港融资模式。分析宁波-舟山港口一体化建设中采取的主要投融资模式，提出相应的策略，并指出投融资风险。     

Do motor-vehicle users in the US pay their way?

Governments in the US spend over a hundred billion dollars per year to build and maintain roads and provide a variety of services for motor-vehicle users. To pay for these infrastructure and services governments collect revenue from a variety of taxes and fees. The basic objective of this paper is to compare these government expenditures with the corresponding user tax and fee payments in the US. At the outset I argue that the such comparisons tell us something about the equity but not necessarily the economic efficiency of highway financing. I then present four different ways one might tally up government expenditures and user payments, depending on the extent to which one wishes to count “indirect” expenditures (e.g., on prosecuting car thieves) and non-targeted general-tax payments (e.g., severance taxes on oil). I make a comprehensive analysis of all possible expenditures and payments, and then compare them according to three of the four ways of counting expenditures and payments. The analysis indicates that in the US current tax and fee payments to the government by motor-vehicle users fall short of government expenditures related to motor-vehicle use by approximately 20–70 cents per gallon of all motor fuel. (Note that in this accounting we include only government expenditures; we do not include any “external” costs of motor-vehicle use.) The extent to which one counts indirect government expenditures related to motor-vehicle use is a key factor in the comparison.