海上平台发电机房的减噪设计

简述了海上平台发电机房通风设计方案中使用噪音分析研究的流程,介绍了建立几何模型、输入数据得到噪音预报,得出分析结果,最终完成设计方案优化,为海上平台发电机房通风设计提供了参考.     

An integrated methodology for the design of mooring systems and risers

Traditionally, the design of mooring lines and risers of floating production systems (FPS) has been performed separately, by different teams, employing uncoupled analysis tools that do not consider the nonlinear interaction between the platform hull and the mooring lines and risers. Design processes have been focused on fulfilling the design criteria of the respective component (mooring/riser) alone, with few or no consideration to the other component, and little interaction between the design teams. Nowadays the importance of employing analysis tools based on coupled formulations is widely recognized, and analysis strategies have been proposed to consider feedback between mooring lines and risers within their respective design processes.In this context, this work details a proposal of one single and fully integrated design methodology for mooring systems and risers for deep-water FPS. In this methodology, the design stages of both risers and mooring lines are incorporated in a single spiral, allowing the full interaction of different teams; mooring design implicitly considers the riser integrity, and vice-versa, leading to gains in efficiency and cost reduction.Different analysis strategies are employed, taking advantage of uncoupled and coupled numerical models. The models generated at the initial/intermediate design stages can be reused in subsequent stages: simpler models are used in the initial stages, and more refined models are gradually introduced, to reach an ideal balance between computational cost and accuracy of results. In the advanced stages, the exchange of information between mooring/riser also allows the definition of criteria for the selection of governing/critical loading cases to be revised and verified in detail. This leads to the reduction of the original loading case matrix, allowing a feasible use of time-consuming fully coupled analysis.Results of a case study illustrating the application of some of the main processes of the methodology are included.     

由支柱绝缘子引起定子一点接地故障原因浅析及处理

离相封闭母线因高可靠性、经济性和易维护在发电机引出线回路及厂用分支回路得到广泛应用，但在安装、运行中仍会出现一些问题。本文介绍了一起接地故障的查找、分析及处理情况，以为同行提供借鉴。     

Cost overruns and demand shortfalls – Deception or selection?

A number of highly cited papers by Flyvbjerg and associates have shown that ex ante infrastructure appraisals tend to be overly optimistic. Ex post evaluations indicate a bias where investment costs are higher and benefits lower on average than predicted ex ante. These authors argue that the bias must be attributed to intentional misrepresentation by project developers. This paper shows that the bias may arise simply as a selection bias, without there being any bias at all in predictions ex ante, and that such a bias is bound to arise whenever ex ante predictions are related to the decisions whether to implement projects. Using a database of projects we present examples indicating that the selection bias may be substantial. The examples also indicate that benefit–cost ratios remain a useful selection criterion even when cost and benefits are highly uncertain, gainsaying the argument that such uncertainties render cost-benefit analyses useless.     

基于环境协调理念的公路设计研究

在公路工程正式动工之前,设计单位要根据所收集的数据信息进行方案设计,为后期的施工作业提供合理的指导策略。针对近年来我国公路建设重心向山区转移的特点,以具体的工程案例为指导,采用环境协调理念对山区公路设计的新策略加以分析,为公路设计提供新的思路。     

竖直式垃圾压实器压头形状优选

针对竖直式垃圾压实器的设计,阐明了反映垃圾压缩率的压头形状优化目标以及基于加权平均法的综合评价方案,构建了加权平均法的分析模型并确定各指标的加权系数.然后提出了圆形、方形、推铲形和楔形四种压头形式,分别建立对应的垃圾压缩有限元模型,运用加权评分的方法,选择出最优的压头形状,为压实器的结构设计提供了依据.     

人机作业分析在轮对生产线中的应用

分析了某企业轮对生产线存在的作业人员与生产设备利用率低的问题,运用基础工业工程中的作业测定的相关方法对车轮生产中的钻辐板孔工序的工时数据进行了分析和整理,运用作业分析法对钻辐板孔工序的人机作业进行了优化与改进,从而得到更为合理的作业方法.     

Development and evaluation of a statistically reliable traffic counting program

This paper reviews the existing procedures to compute the seasonal factors, growth factors, and the number of automatic traffic recorder stations (ATRs) for developing a statistically reliable traffic counting program. The review is based on, (i) theoretical evaluation of the procedures, (ii) analysis of the results obtained from applying these procedures to extensive real life data, and (iii) experience of past researchers with these methods. The paper primarily deals with existing statistical procedures for determining seasonal factors, since it is believed that these factors play the most important role in estimating Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADTs) from short counts. The procedure of cluster analysis (which is most commonly used to determine seasonal factors) is critically reviewed. The shortcomings of this method motivated the development of a different statistical procedure, based on regression analysis, to determine seasonal factors. It is shown that this newly developed method gives better results than the cluster analysis techniques. Furthermore, separate sections are dedicated to a thorough analysis of determination of number of ATR stations and computation of growth factors.     

佛开高速公路北江大桥改造前后力学性能分析

佛开高速公路北江大桥采用主桥拆除重建、引桥顶升加固的改造方案。由于引桥连续工字梁存在结构性病害，顶升对梁体的影响需进行评估。同时，顶升误差将导致梁体产生次应力，可能导致梁体出现新的损伤，此外，顶升过程中连续工字梁的结构体系多次发生转换，多次体系转换后梁体的受力性能是否满足要求需进行分析。对北江大桥引桥连续工字梁的典型联跨改造前后的受力性能进行分析，得到其受力性能的变化规律，为桥梁改造施工提供理论依据。     

碗扣满堂支架法在盖梁施工中的应用

跨铁路公路立交桥高墩盖梁模板支撑体系的稳固与否直接关系到铁路运营安全,碗扣式脚手架作为高墩盖梁模板支撑体系以其拆卸迅速简便、承载能力大、安全可靠等特点得到了广泛的认可,而脚手架立杆的稳定性是脚手架支撑体系稳定的关键。以某跨铁路的公路桥高墩盖梁模板支撑体系为例,对碗扣式支撑体系的稳定性进行了分析验算,确定了盖梁模板支护方案并应用于漾泉大道跨白荫支线改线立交桥工程,应用效果良好。