A threshold model of social contagion process for evacuation decision making

Individual evacuation decisions are often characterized by the influence of one’s social network. In this paper a threshold model of social contagion, originally proposed in the network science literature, is presented to characterize this social influence in the evacuation decision making process. Initiated by a single agent, the condition of a cascade when a portion of the population decides to evacuate has been derived from the model. Simulation models are also developed to investigate the effects of community mixing patterns and the initial seed on cascade propagation and the effect of previous time-steps considered by the agents and the strength of ties on average cascade size. Insights related to social influence include the significant role of mixing patterns among communities in the network and the role of the initial seed on cascade propagation. Specifically, faster propagation of warning is observed in community networks with greater inter-community connections.     

通信对抗试验外场树林中超短波电波传播特性

以公路两旁护林带为对象，根据实际测试的大量数据，分析超短波经过公路两侧护林带时的电波传播特性。并以树林中通用模型为基础，利用最小二乘法求解模型中的参数，建立树林中电波传播模型，得出树林中超短波电波传播损耗随树林厚度变化的曲线。     

水火弯板残余变形预报的数值和量纲分析(英文)

Line heating process is a very complex phenomenon as a variety of factors affects the amount of residual deformations. Numerical thermal and mechanical analysis of line heating for prediction of residual deformation is time consuming. In the present work dimensional analysis has been presented to obtain a new relationship between input parameters and resulting residual deformations during line heating process. The temperature distribution and residual deformations for 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm thick steel plates were numerically estimated and compared with experimental and published results. Extensive data generated through a validated FE model were used to find co-relationship between the input parameters and the resulting residual deformation by multiple regression analysis. The results obtained from the deformation equations developed in this work compared well with those of the FE analysis with a drop in the computation time in the order of 100 (computational time required for FE analysis is around 7 200 second to 9 000 seconds and where the time required for getting the residual deformation by developed equations is only 60 to 90 seconds).     

齐次边界条件下圆柱壳的自由振动研究

基于Flügge弹性薄壳理论研究圆柱壳在齐次边界条件下的自由振动问题.圆柱壳的自振频率通过位移控制方程和边界条件控制方程联立求解获得.引入一般形式的位移函数之后,位移控制方程能够得到关于频率和波数的频散图,联合边界条件后转化为8阶矩阵行列式的零点求解.讨论自振频率点在频散曲线中的位置,给出纯虚数曲线分支的含义.还讨论精确解和常用梁方法的联系,研究振型在3个频率区域变化的情况.     

多径效应对测向方位角的影响分析

无线电测向设备是无线电侦查设备的重要组成部分之一,无线电测向是利用无线电测量设备测定目标信号的方位信息。在测向试验中由于周围环境的不同,当有二次反射体存在时,将引起多径效应,使得来波方向呈现不唯一性。在对两径传播模型分析的基础上,进而分析三径传播对测向方位角的影响,并通过计算机对三径传播进行仿真,总结多径效应对测向方位角的影响规律。     

细长轴的火焰矫直法

文章就船舶轴系中细长轴弯曲变形矫直工艺的火色与温度、最大弯曲值的确定、加热变形量的测量与监控、加热点位置与数量的确定、火焰调节、临界温度火色的观察与环境因素的影响作了探讨。     

大秦线Locotrol系统无线数传工作频段的选择

介绍大秦线Locotrol系统的无线数据传输方式,分析800MHz和450MHz频段电波在平原开阔地带、长直隧道、曲线隧道、短隧道群弯曲线路中的测试数据,得出不同频段电波在不同地形条件下的传播特性及误码特性.认为采用800MHz频段无线数据传输系统,能够满足在大秦线开行4×5000吨的2万吨组合列车Locotrol系统应用的需要.     

Ф840D货车车轮辐板孔疲劳裂纹扩展特性研究

针对目前Ф840D货车车轮辐板孔裂纹故障增多及其可能带来的隐患,本文首先采用有限元方法数值模拟了不同运用条件下车轮的机械应力和制动热应力,其次根据线弹性断裂力学理论研究了辐板孔边裂纹的应力强度因子,最后结合Forman疲劳裂纹扩展方程及裂纹扩展门槛值,得到不同运用工况下辐板孔裂纹扩展的基本特性及规律,从而分析出了导致裂纹扩展的载荷条件.分析结果表明：辐板孔裂纹是典型的疲劳裂纹,是由萌生于辐板孔内侧的微细裂纹逐渐扩展而来的,它是由热负荷和机械载荷的综合效应造成的.单纯的机械载荷不会直接导致孔边裂纹的萌生和扩展;坡道制动与机械载荷的叠加才是导致辐板孔裂纹萌生与扩展的最主要的载荷工况.这对预防车轮疲劳失效、优化车轮设计,保障行车安全,具有重要意义.     

火焰原子吸收分光光度法间接测定水中硫酸盐

为克服水中硫酸盐分析时操作繁琐，费时，显色不稳定等不足，采用首先将样品中硫酸盐转换成铬，再用火焰原子吸收法测定铬的方法，对水中硫酸盐的分析进行了研究，在选定的试验条件下，线性关系良好，相关系数r=0.9991，变异系数＜3．26％，加标回收率在97．0％－106．6％之间，满足实际样品分析要求。     

Finite element calculations of rail vibration countermeasures

Elastic waves may constitute a nuisance for people living close to high-speed lines. In order to decrease the spread of vibrations, it is common to reinforce the ground with lime cement columns. This article presents the results of simulations of three different ways to install the columns. The calculations have been done with an integrated rigid body—finite element model. Equations from various physical domains are merged into one big system. The results indicate that the straight configuration works best to protect the track. When attention is focused on preventing vibrations from the soil, the leaning column method is more effective. The chosen technique would depend on the aims of the countermeasure.