固体火箭发动机尾焰对拖曳式设备的影响分析磁

针对某型试验导弹的拖曳式跟飞设备在飞行过程中受发动机高温高速尾焰影响的问题,提出了利用流体仿真计算确定尾焰辐射区域的方法。文章通过几何建模,并使用Fluent软件进行二维仿真计算,分析了固体火箭发动机尾焰辐射范围,为拖曳式设备可靠跟飞确定了危险区域,为设备自身气动设计等提供了必要的依据。     

甚低频与超低频通信入水深度比较分析

甚低频和超低频是目前对水下潜艇通信的重要手段,论文对电磁波的入水传播做了理论分析,并对甚低频和超低频的入水深度进行了计算,给出了典型计算结果,并就如何提高甚低频、超低频的通信效果给出了建议.     

旋转式惯导系统误差传播特性

旋转调制技术通过转位机构带动惯性测量单元按照设计好的转位方案旋转,将器件误差对导航精度的影响调制平均掉,从而提高系统长航时导航精度。该技术在国外船用领域被广泛应用,也是惯性技术领域的热点研究方向之一。本文研究旋转调制技术的本质,即旋转式惯导系统的误差传播特性,从理论上分析旋转式惯导系统单通道误差传播机理,研究器件误差经调制后的传播形式,阐释旋转调制技术提高系统精度的原因。通过仿真验证了惯性器件常值误差经旋转调制后消弱了对导航精度的影响程度。     

大型集装箱船高强度厚钢甲板安全寿命评估方法

疲劳是船舶与海洋工程结构破坏的主要模式之一.高强度钢的应用使得结构的疲劳问题更加突出.对于采用以高强度厚钢板为甲板的大型集装箱船来说,有必要进行高强度厚钢板的焊接缺陷部位安全寿命评估方法研究.以应力范围的长期分布服从两参数Weibull分布的随机载荷为疲劳载荷,裂纹扩展率采用单一曲线模型预报裂纹在任意时刻的尺寸,结合应力强度因子并参考应力计算方法和失效评估图技术提出一套计算集装箱船高强度钢厚钢板安全寿命评估的方法.通过编制计算程序,对某集装箱船甲板进行安全寿命计算.最后,分析疲劳载荷谱对安全寿命的影响.计算结果表明：载荷回复期的长短和Weibull分布的形状参数的取值都会极大影响结构疲劳安全寿命.     

Analytical model for information flow propagation wave under an information relay control strategy in a congested vehicle-to-vehicle communication environment

Vehicular traffic congestion in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication environment can lead to congestion effects for information flow propagation. Such congestion effects can impact whether a specific information packet of interest can reach a desired location, and if so, in a timely manner to influence the traffic system performance. Motivated by the usefulness and timeliness of information propagation, this paper aims to characterize the information flow propagation wave (IFPW) for an information packet in a congested V2V communication environment under an information relay control strategy. This strategy seeks to exclude information that is dated in the communication buffer under a first-in, first-out queue discipline, from being relayed if the information flow regime is congested. It trades off the need to enable the dissemination of every information packet as far as possible, against the congestion effects that accrue because of the presence of multiple information packets. A macroscopic two-layer model is proposed to characterize the IFPW. The upper layer is formulated as integro-differential equations to characterize the information dissemination in space and time under this control strategy. The lower layer adopts the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model to capture the traffic flow dynamics. Based on the upper layer model, a necessary condition is derived which quantifies the expected time length that needs to be reserved for broadcasting the information packet of interest so as to ensure the formation of an IFPW under a given density of V2V-equipped vehicles. When the necessary condition is satisfied under homogeneous conditions, it is shown that the information packet can be propagated at an asymptotic speed whose value can be derived analytically. Besides, under the proposed control strategy, only a proportion of vehicles (labeled asymptotic density of informed vehicles) can receive the specific information packet, which can be estimated by solving a nonlinear equation. The asymptotic IFPW speed, the asymptotic density of informed vehicles, and the necessary condition for the IFPW, help in evaluating the timeliness of information propagation and the influence of traffic dynamics on information propagation. In addition, the proposed model can be used to numerically estimate the IFPW speed for heterogeneous conditions, which can aid in the design of traffic management strategies built upon the timely propagation of information through V2V communication.     

Hierarchical travel demand estimation using multiple data sources: A forward and backward propagation algorithmic framework on a layered computational graph

Aiming to develop a theoretically consistent framework to estimate travel demand using multiple data sources, this paper first proposes a multi-layered Hierarchical Flow Network (HFN) representation to structurally model different levels of travel demand variables including trip generation, origin/destination matrices, path/link flows, and individual behavior parameters. Different data channels from household travel surveys, smartphone type devices, global position systems, and sensors can be mapped to different layers of the proposed network structure. We introduce Big data-driven Transportation Computational Graph (BTCG), alternatively Beijing Transportation Computational Graph, as the underlying mathematical modeling tool to perform automatic differentiation on layers of composition functions. A feedforward passing on the HFN sequentially implements 3 steps of the traditional 4-step process: trip generation, spatial distribution estimation, and path flow-based traffic assignment, respectively. BTCG can aggregate different layers of partial first-order gradients and use the back-propagation of “loss errors” to update estimated demand variables. A comparative analysis indicates that the proposed methods can effectively integrate different data sources and offer a consistent representation of demand. The proposed methodology is also evaluated under a demonstration network in a Beijing subnetwork.     

基于修正延误波及树的航班延误传播研究

为了正确反映延误航班与机场随机因素之间的潜在关系,提出了1种基于贝叶斯网络的航班延误和机场随机因素分析方法.将机场随机延误因素的影响转化为时间参数.在综合考虑航班延误、航班计划的同时引入贝叶斯网络分析结果对延误波及树进行修正,在历史航班运营数据集上对修正延误波及树模型进行检验.结果表明,修正延误波及树模型提高了航班延误传播的预测精度,预测平均误差分别由修正前的11.76%和13.75%降低至3.45%和3.39%,多案例分析的准确性同时验证了修正延误波及树的普适性,丰富了航班延误传播问题的研究方法.      

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基于半刚性基层沥青路面反射裂缝严重性,应用断裂力学理论及有限元软件ABAQUS,建立20结点等参有限元模型,数值模拟沥青路面反射裂缝的扩展,并应用Paris公式预估其疲劳扩展寿命,分析探讨反射裂缝扩展过程中应力强度因子K2 的变化规律及路面结构参数对其扩展寿命的影响.计算表明：(1)沥青面层反射裂缝的扩展只考虑偏荷载作用,K2 随着裂缝的扩展不断增大,初期扩展速度较慢,后期扩展速度急剧增加,直至破坏.(2)路面结构参数中,面层厚度、基层模量、底基层厚度、底基层模量和土基模量的增加对面层反射裂缝疲劳扩展寿命有利,而面层模量和基层厚度的增加则不利于面层反射裂缝的疲劳扩展.     

升力鳍实验装置的升力函数发生器

本文重点研究了鳍的动态水动力在升力鳍实验装置上的应用.在分析升力鳍实验装置施力要求的基础上,提出并成功应用神经网络BP算法逼近鳍的动态水动力曲线,然后将训练好的神经网络作为该实验装置施力系统升力函数发生器,实现对实验装置中鳍的施力,该研究也进一步完善了该实验装置.     

翼柱型装药发动机点火瞬态过程内流场分析

以Fluent计算软件为工具,以三维N-S方程、κ-ε湍流模型、标准壁面函数、DO辐射模型为基础,以翼柱型装药发动机为算例,文章建立了三维纯气相流动模型,分析了翼柱型装药发动机点火瞬态过程中内流场的变化规律。