城市道路沥青路面结构力学响应分析

针对济南市城市道路常用的三种主要沥青路面结构形式,半刚性基层、复合式基层及柔性基层路面结构,该文采用壳牌设计软件BISAR 3.0计算三种结构沥青路面的应力、应变响应,对各自受力不利形式及空间位置进行对比分析.通过比较,证明:从力学角度分析,复合式基层沥青路面在各项力学性能均优于半刚性基层沥青路面及柔性基层沥青路面,推...     

重载交通沥青路面山区小半径曲线段病害特征分析

为了更好的分析小半径曲线段沥青路面病害特征,对重载交通条件下直线段和不同半径（35m/50m/65m）弯道段汽车横向轮迹荷载分布进行了调研和分析,得出了直线段和不同半径弯道段轮迹荷载横向分布特征,以此为依据分析认为小半径弯道沥青路面病害主要为疲劳网裂、水损害,研究了病害的产生机理,并结合沥青路面设计、施工给出了相应的建...     

柔性拱钢性梁桥设计

合肥铁路枢纽南环线跨合宁高速特大桥是一座铁路上跨高速公路的特大桥,该桥采用(114.75+229.5+114.75)m柔性拱刚性梁,主跨跨度在国内同类型桥梁中居于首位.介绍了该桥的总体设计、结构构造及总体施工方法.     

基于Petri网考虑中介状态的机械系统失效相关可靠性分析

机械系统因其各子系统、各部件、各单元之间的相互复杂关系,容易受到自身结构与人为因素的影响,导致其发生失效,严重影响了机械系统的可靠性.在利用Petfi网模型对机械系统分析的基础上,并引入"安全-中介-失效"3级工作模式,从安全、中介、失效3个方面来反映机械系统的可靠(完全正常工作)、可靠与失效的中介过渡、失效(完全不能...     

科研院所科研项目的柔性量化管理方案探讨

深入分析科研院所科研项目管理中存在的问题。在分析管理粗放化、生产资源利用率低等弊端的基础上,运用精细化、效益型管理思想,借助计算机辅助手段,提出一种能够适应小批量、多品种科研项目管理的柔性量化管理方案。据此可清楚、准确掌握未来各个时间段的工作量与人力资源和生产资源匹配情况,进而达到合理调整,优化科研项目生产计划的目的。     

绿色35000吨散货船主机选型优化研究

从节能和减排的角度重点研究主机的选型.通过优化选型,将具有最低燃油消耗量,最低温室气体排放以及最高纯现值的主机选为绿色35000吨散货船的主机.为进一步降低燃油消耗量,通过主机与螺旋桨优化匹配以完成主机的优化选择.优化选择体现在以下四方面:(1)在相同服务航速条件下,采用低转速大直径螺旋桨进一步降低对主机功率的需求; (2)采用低燃油消耗率的主机;(3)采用低的减功率输出方法选择主机,使燃油消耗进一步降低; (4)备选主机的排放要满足IMO及MARPOL 73/78的有关要求.对六种机型进行了对比选择,6S46ME-BSTⅡ型主机因具有最低燃油耗量,最低温室气体排放以及最高纯现值,可作为绿色35000吨散货船的首选主机.该型主机与原来安装的6S42MC7主机相比燃油消耗量的节省可达19.5%.     

Coupled vibration analysis of Maglev vehicle-guideway while standing still or moving at low speeds

Dynamic instability, that is, resonance, may occur on an electromagnetic suspension-type Maglev that runs over the elevated guideway, particularly at very low speeds, due to the flexibility of the guideway. An analysis of the dynamic interaction between the vehicle and guideway is required at the design stage to investigate such instability, setting slender guideway in design direction for reducing construction costs. In addition, it is essential to design an effective control algorithm to solve the problem of instability. In this article, a more detailed model for the dynamic interaction of vehicle/guideway is proposed. The proposed model incorporates a 3D full vehicle model based on virtual prototyping, flexible guideway by a modal superposition method and levitation electromagnets including feedback controller into an integrated model. By applying the proposed model to an urban Maglev vehicle newly developed for commercial application, an analysis of the instability phenomenon and an investigation of air gap control performance are carried out through a simulation.     

Investigation of the effects of sleeper-passing impacts on the high-speed train

The sleeper-passing impact has always been considered negligible in normal conditions, while the experimental data obtained from a High-speed train in a cold weather expressed significant sleeper-passing impacts on the axle box, bogie frame and car body. Therefore, in this study, a vertical coupled vehicle/track dynamic model was developed to investigate the sleeper-passing impacts and its effects on the dynamic performance of the high-speed train. In the model, the dynamic model of vehicle is established with 10 degrees of freedom. The track model is formulated with two rails supported on the discrete supports through the finite element method. The contact forces between the wheel and rail are estimated using the non-linear Hertz contact theory. The parametric studies are conducted to analyse effects of both the vehicle speeds and the discrete support stiffness on the sleeper-passing impacts. The results show that the sleeper-passing impacts become extremely significant with the increased support stiffness of track, especially when the frequencies of sleeper-passing impacts approach to the resonance frequencies of wheel/track system. The damping of primary suspension can effectively lower the magnitude of impacts in the resonance speed ranges, but has little effect on other speed ranges. Finally, a more comprehensively coupled vehicle/track dynamic model integrating with a flexible wheel set is developed to discuss the sleeper-passing-induced flexible vibration of wheel set.     

Flexible feeder transit route design to enhance service accessibility in urban area

To improve the accessibility of transit system in urban areas, this paper presents a flexible feeder transit routing model that can serve irregular‐shaped networks. By integrating the cost efficiency of fixed‐route transit system and the flexibility of demand responsive transit system, the proposed model is capable of letting operating feeder busses temporarily deviate from their current route so as to serve the reported demand locations. With an objective of minimizing total bus travel time, a new operational mode is then proposed to allow busses to serve passengers on both street sides. In addition, when multiple feeder busses are operating in the target service area, the proposed model can provide an optimal plan to locate the nearest one to response to the demands. A three‐stage solution algorithm is also developed to yield meta‐optimal solutions to the problem in a reasonable amount of time by transforming the problem into a traveling salesman problem. Numerical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed model as well as the heuristic solution approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

耐久性路面的结构设计

介绍耐久性路面的结构设计原则,并在此基础上提出柔+刚+柔的典型路面结构形式,论述提高沥青混凝土路面强度的措施及质量控制方法。