第三轨供电系统中受流器与第三轨的接触压力及其对受流性能的影响分析

介绍了第三轨受流器的结构原理。分析比较了弹簧式和气压式受流器与第三轨接触压力调节方式的特点。基于电接触基本理论详细的阐述了受流滑板与第三轨接触区的导电机理。接触区域的导电电路由无数微小的电阻及电容并联而成,接触压力通过影响微小电阻、电容的数量比例,进而影响接触面上的导电能力和磨损性能。标称静态接触压力的设计值接近或等于"法向压应力临界值"时,导电能力和磨损特性取得均衡。     

System energy optimisation strategies for metros with regeneration

Energy and environmental sustainability in transportation are becoming ever more important. In Europe, the transportation sector is responsible for about 30% of the final end use of energy. Electrified railway systems play an important role in contributing to the reduction of energy usage and CO₂ emissions compared with other transport modes. For metro-transit systems with frequently motoring and braking trains, the effective use of regenerated braking energy is a significant way to reduce the net energy consumption. Although eco-driving strategies have been studied for some time, a comprehensive understanding of how regeneration affects the overall system energy consumption has not been developed. This paper proposes a multi-train traction power network modelling method to determine the system energy flow of the railway system with regenerating braking trains. The initial results show that minimising traction energy use is not the same as minimising the system energy usage in a metro system. An integrated optimisation method is proposed to solve the system energy-saving problem, which takes train movement and electrical power flow into consideration. The results of a study of the Beijing Yizhuang metro line indicate that optimised operation could reduce the energy consumption at the substations by nearly 38.6% compared to that used with the existing ATO operation.     

地下工程注浆技术研究新进展

注浆是土木、水利和矿山等工程建设中重要的防渗和加固技术。文章基于国内外注浆技术研究文献,总结了水泥等颗粒性浆液的“渗滤效应”及“黏度时空变异性”等理论研究成果,论述了非水反应高聚物、CW环氧树脂和微生物菌液等注浆新材料的应用现状及发展前景,介绍了细观力学数值模拟研究的突破性进展,可为地下工程注浆技术发展提供借鉴和启发作用。     

Definition of wind blowers for vehicles testing at chassis-dyno facilities using a CFD approach

The need to increase measurement accuracy of fuel consumption and pollutant emissions in vehicles is forcing the market to develop chassis-dyno test cells that reproduce on-road conditions realistically.Air-cooling is key to vehicle performance. It is therefore critical that the design of a test cell guarantees realistic cooling of all vehicle components, as important errors in fuel consumption and emissions measurements may otherwise arise. In a test-room, a blower placed in front of the vehicle supplies the cooling air. While there are some guidelines in the literature for the selection of fans required for emissions measurements for standard driving cycles, the information for designing the air supply system for specific tests in other areas is scarce.New Real Driving Emissions (RDE) legislation will force manufacturers to perform on-road measurements of pollutants. This represents a significant challenge due to the variability of conditions coming from non-controlled parameters. In order to optimize vehicles, different tests are performed in cells equipped with a chassis-dyno where the on-road flow field around the vehicle is reproduced as closely as possible.This work provides some guidelines for the definition of the airflow supply system of chassis-dyno facilities for vehicle optimization tests, based on a CFD analysis of the flow characteristics around the vehicle. By comparison with the solution obtained for a vehicle in real road driving conditions, the exit section of the blower and the distance between the blower exit and the car that best reproduce realistic on-road flow conditions in a test room are determined.     

基于DSP的船舶电力推进系统滤波装置控制器设计

小型船舶电力系统中非线性负载多、谐波污染严重.针对这一情况,本文设计一款基于DSP的电力系统滤波装置控制器,该控制器结构简单,稳定性好,实验证明该控制器能有效降低谐波污染,具有一定实用价值.     

地铁供电系统中压开关柜电流分析理论和方法

通过分析地铁供电系统不同电压等级的设备电流特征,确定35 kV电压等级设备电流可构造标准曲线,采用机器智能学习算法分析、测算地铁供电系统中各类开关峰谷时段运行电流,以均值-方差方法确定电流的高度异常偏离点,实现异常点数据周期内统计以及实时提醒功能。应用电流实测值分析电流在工作日、节假日的不同曲线,为负荷预测和非正常运行方式下的负荷叠加风险提供预测和评估依据,保障供电系统的安全运行,提高负荷管控效率。     

汉巴南铁路兰渝联络线电分相设置方案研究

联络线电分相设置方案影响因素众多,且其设置与否对工程和运营的影响也较大。本文对汉巴南铁路兰渝联络线电分相设置方案进行研究,提出高速铁路设置关节式电分相联络线最短长度;对联络线电分相不同设置方案进行比选研究,并结合各方案的土建工程、信号系统、供电系统及限制因素提出布局优化措施,以期为联络线电分相合理设置与优化布局提供新思路。     

On the variance of recurrent traffic flow for statistical traffic assignment

This paper generalizes and extends classical traffic assignment models to characterize the statistical features of Origin-Destination (O-D) demands, link/path flow and link/path costs, all of which vary from day to day. The generalized statistical traffic assignment (GESTA) model has a clear multi-level variance structure. Flow variance is analytically decomposed into three sources, O-D demands, route choices and measurement errors. Consequently, optimal decisions on roadway design, maintenance, operations and planning can be made using estimated probability distributions of link/path flow and system performance. The statistical equilibrium in GESTA is mathematically defined. Its multi-level statistical structure well fits large-scale data mining techniques. The embedded route choice model is consistent with the settings of O-D demands considering link costs that vary from day to day. We propose a Method of Successive Averages (MSA) based solution algorithm to solve for GESTA. Its convergence and computational complexity are analyzed. Three example networks including a large-scale network are solved to provide insights for decision making and to demonstrate computational efficiency.     

流线型钢箱梁涡激振动机理与气动控制措施

以某主跨390 m的独塔流线型钢箱梁斜拉桥为工程依托，采用风洞试验与计算流体动力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD）相结合的方法对流线型钢箱梁涡激振动机理与气动控制措施进行研究。首先，采用几何缩尺比为1∶30的主梁节段模型进行主梁涡振性能与气动控制措施优化研究；其次，采用CFD方法对主梁涡振响应进行流固耦合计算，将Newmark-β算法嵌入ANSYS Fluent用户自定义函数（User Defined Functions，UDFs）实现主梁结构振动响应求解，同时结合动网格技术实现主梁断面流固耦合分析；并根据判断条件来检索箱梁壁面上的网格单元，以获得主梁断面振动过程中的表面压力，然后结合主梁结构振动响应、表面压力以及流场特征等对主梁涡激振动机理进行分析。结果表明：该桥主梁原设计方案存在涡激共振现象，将梁底检修车轨道内移120 cm可有效抑制主梁涡振响应；主梁涡激振动响应的数值模拟结果与风洞试验结果吻合较好；检修车轨道内移120 cm后主要改变了箱梁下表面平均压力系数分布特性，且箱梁表面各测点脉动压力卓越频率不一致，有效减小了主梁涡激振动响应；流线型箱梁靠近迎风侧的“被动区域”对结构涡振响应贡献较小，背风侧“驱动区域”发生周期性旋涡脱落是影响流线型箱梁涡振的主要因素。     

基于PLC的模糊频载调节器设计

介绍可编程序控制器(PLC)实现船舶电站模糊调频调载的软硬件实现方法,采用离线计算、在线查表的方法在PLC上实现模糊控制,利用硬件在环仿真进行试验研究,结果表明,智能频载控制器具有较好的稳、动态性能。