基于成长模型的吹填土软基沉降预测方法研究*

堆载预压和真空堆载联合预压处理吹填淤泥软基沉降变化规律与3种"S"型成长曲线变化规律相似。影响软基沉降发展规律的因素很多,3种成长曲线沉降预测模型仅反映了沉降发展规律中一种或几种信息特征,将各种单项预测模型进行组合,引入了变权"S"型成长曲线组合模型,结合围海造陆工程实例,对吹填淤泥软基沉降进行预测,结果表明:变权组合沉降预测模型预测未来沉降与实测值十分吻合,预测精度较单项模型高,采用该模型进行吹填淤泥软基沉降预测是可行的。     

某人工岛机场成层土地基沉降分析

以某人工岛机场项目为依托,分别采用经典土力学理论和有限单元法分析了成层土地基施工期沉降及工后沉降,为确定地基处理方案提供依据。通过计算结果对比分析,表明采用化引当量层法计算成层土地基一维固结沉降能够满足工程精度要求。     

斯太尔差速器十字轴的强化改进

本文分析了斯太尔差速器十字轴轴颈根部早期疲劳断裂的原因,即:圆角过渡过于尖锐及强度不足,并提出加大圆弧过渡和整体表面渗碳淬火强化措施。     

65Mn簧片螺母断裂失效分析

本文对重型卡车中使用的簧片螺母在装配过程中发生断裂事故进行了分析,结果表明,簧片螺母材质和硬度符合相关技术要求,金相组织为正常组织,引起断裂的主要原因为簧片螺母在酸洗或镀锌过程中产生吸氢,导致材料晶界脆化,在装配过程中受力发生脆性断裂。同时,分析了氢脆的原理,提出了避免氢脆事故出现的措施。     

中心斜裂纹矩形薄板的极限断裂强度分析

对具有中心穿透斜裂纹在弹性断裂和完全塑性断裂两种破坏模式下的断裂强度进行了分析.在弹性破坏模式下,利用应变能密度因子准则对不同的裂纹倾斜角和不同的矩形板长宽比对斜裂纹的初始扩展角度的影响进行了数值计算和讨论.对于延性材料的完全塑性断裂模式,利用弹塑性有限元对不同裂纹倾斜角下的矩形板的极限拉伸强度进行了分析,并对中心穿透裂纹拉伸强度简化计算公式进行了考虑裂纹倾斜角度的修正.     

Fracture mechanics analysis for mooring chain links subjected to out-of-plane bending (OPB)

A fracture mechanics (FM) based investigation on the mechanism of out-of-plane bending (OPB) between mooring chain links and its effects on fatigue lives of mooring chain links are conducted. Four types of OPB problems that mooring chain links laying on the chain wheel, chain links passing over the bending shoe, chain links constraint provided by the chain hawse, and chain links constraint provided by the chain stopper are considered. Tension ranges of mooring lines are calculated based on the combined loading process induced by the motions of wave frequency (WF) and low frequency (LF). Initial cracks are assumed to propagate from surfaces of chain links and stress intensity factors are calculated in terms of stress ranges determined by a finite element (FE) analysis. The results show that fatigue lives of mooring chain links are decreased significantly due to OPB effects. In addition, the increase of the number of pockets of chain wheel mitigates OPB effects on fatigue lives of mooring chain links laying on the chain wheel, and the increase of the track diameter would reduce OPB effects on fatigue lives of mooring chain links passing over the bending shoe as well. However, for chain links constraint provided by the chain hawse, the diameter of mooring chain hawse has no significant effect on fatigue lives of the mooring chain links subject to OPB if without the abrupt change of the contact conditions between chain links and chain hawse. For mooring links constraint provided by chain stoppers considering the effect of proof loading test, fatigue lives of mooring chain links would drop significantly with the increase of interlink angles and friction coefficient.     

基于ANSYS的三通道储罐结构加固及修复技术

以一台三通道储罐为分析对象,此储罐在轻微压力环境下即发生了局部开裂。以ANSYS有限元方法为基础,通过在内部合理布置T型钢加强筋的方式进行结构加固。并在确保结构强度的前提下,计算出了板制T型钢厚度的最优解。自加固修复后,此三通道储罐已安全运行2 a以上,这种基于ANSYS的结构加固及修复技术,体现了良好的工程实用性和经济性。     

神朔铁路钢轨折断风险评估模型研究

钢轨折断是一类严重的线路故障,研究钢轨折断风险评估对保障线路安全具有重要作用。基于模糊推理方法构建钢轨折断风险评估模型,该模型利用设备台账数据、钢轨状态检测数据和维修数据等相关的生产数据,识别钢轨折断致灾因子,量化评定致灾因子状态,建立模糊推理规则库,利用Mamdani模糊推理算法计算钢轨折断风险事件发生的可能性。最后采用神朔铁路神木北至黄羊城区间2013~2015年共3年的实际生产数据对模型的有效性进行验证,结果表明:所建模型可以较好地评估神朔铁路钢轨折断风险事件发生的可能性,对钢轨折断风险管理具有重要指导意义。     

Theoretical and numerical analysis of bending behavior of unbonded flexible risers

This paper presents theoretical and numerical study on bending properties of unbonded flexible risers. To capture nonlinearities in layer's sliding, the stress component due to slip-stick behavior is considered and energy conservation principle considering sliding-caused heat consumption is employed in the analytical model. Besides, a finite element model estimating mechanics of unbonded flexible risers' bending is proposed. In the finite element model, couplings between bending moment–curvature and axial stress as well as contact interaction among layers and tendons have been considered. The theoretical and numerical results were validated against the corresponding experimental data in literature and mutually compared in analyzing nonlinear bending behavior of flexible risers. Moreover, the impacts of axisymmetric loads on riser's bending behavior have been further investigated.     

外固定支架治疗股骨转子骨折82例报告

我院1993～1996年用单侧多功能外固定支架治疗82例股骨转子骨折，骨折愈合及去除支架的时间为2～5个月，平均3．5个月，其中8例（占10％）有轻度馊内翻畸形。此法治疗可早期负重，给骨折部位以生理应力刺激，进克长期卧床的共发症，且闭会复位，方法简便，易于接受，值得推广。